OMSA Study Guide question with
answer
Name the 4 valves in the heart - - Tricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - - Between the right atrium and right
ventricle
Where is the Mitral valve located? - - Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Where is the Aortic valve located? - - Between the aorta and the heart's left
ventricle
Where is the pulmonic valve located? - - Between the" right ventricle and the
pulmonary artery
What is the function of valves in the heart? - - To prevent the backflow of blood
When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it
make, and what causes this sound? - - Lub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic
valves closing
What is angina pectoris? - - Another name for chest pain of cardiac origin
What is angina pectoris caused by? - - Ischemia or lack of oxygen to the heart
muscle
How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - - It dilates the coronary arteries and
increases the blood flow to the heart
When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - - When the heart is
deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
Death of the heart muscle - - necrosis
Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - - Family history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
, Heart valve dysfunction
dysrhythmias
Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) - - -Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
-Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - - Morphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
What is congestive heart failure? - - The heart cannot pump blood in a forward
motion
What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - - Excess blood an fluid
backing up systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - - Swelling in the ankles and ascetics
(belly)
Distended neck veins
What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - - Fluid backing up into the
lungs causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum.
What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - - Shortness of breath and wakes up in
the middle of the night gasping for air
What is the normal treatment for CHF? - - Diuretics; so the patient pees out the
excess fluid
How is the cardiovascular system monitored? - - By using tone pulse, blood
pressure and the EKG
What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? - - for controlling the bodily
functions not consciously directed
Causing increased heart rate and blood pressure and bronchodilates the airways;
"Fight or flight" - - Sympathetic nervous system
Results in stimulation of salivary glands, and slows the heart rate; "couch potatoes
state" - - Parasympathetic nervous system
Another name for stroke - - Cerebral vascular accident
answer
Name the 4 valves in the heart - - Tricuspid valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve
pulmonic Valve
Where is the Tricuspid valve located? - - Between the right atrium and right
ventricle
Where is the Mitral valve located? - - Between the left atrium and the left ventricle
Where is the Aortic valve located? - - Between the aorta and the heart's left
ventricle
Where is the pulmonic valve located? - - Between the" right ventricle and the
pulmonary artery
What is the function of valves in the heart? - - To prevent the backflow of blood
When you listen to a normal heart beat through a stethoscope what sound does it
make, and what causes this sound? - - Lub-dub; caused by the aortic and pulmonic
valves closing
What is angina pectoris? - - Another name for chest pain of cardiac origin
What is angina pectoris caused by? - - Ischemia or lack of oxygen to the heart
muscle
How does nitroglycerin affect the body? - - It dilates the coronary arteries and
increases the blood flow to the heart
When does angina pectoris turn into a myocardial infarction? - - When the heart is
deprived of oxygen too long and a portion of the heart dies
Death of the heart muscle - - necrosis
Risk factors of cardiovascular disease (12) - - Family history of heart disease
Smokers
Hypercholesterolemia
Diabetes
Obesity
Sedentary lifestyle
Hypertension
Advancing age
History of MI
Congestive heart failure
, Heart valve dysfunction
dysrhythmias
Signs and symptoms of Myocardial infarction (MI)
(5) - - -Chest pain not relieved by nitroglycerin
-Pain radiate down the left arm or up the left jaw
-Blood pressure drop
-weak with thready pulse
-nausea or vomiting
What should you do if you suspect a patient is having a MI? - - Morphine
Oxygen
Nitrates
Aspirin
Place patient on monitors and start IV asap
What is congestive heart failure? - - The heart cannot pump blood in a forward
motion
What happens when there is CHF on the right side? - - Excess blood an fluid
backing up systemically; meaning in the rest of the body
What are the symptoms of right sided CHF? - - Swelling in the ankles and ascetics
(belly)
Distended neck veins
What happens when there is CHF on the left side? - - Fluid backing up into the
lungs causing pt to cough pink frothy sputum.
What are the symptoms of left sided CHF? - - Shortness of breath and wakes up in
the middle of the night gasping for air
What is the normal treatment for CHF? - - Diuretics; so the patient pees out the
excess fluid
How is the cardiovascular system monitored? - - By using tone pulse, blood
pressure and the EKG
What is the autonomic nervous system responsible for? - - for controlling the bodily
functions not consciously directed
Causing increased heart rate and blood pressure and bronchodilates the airways;
"Fight or flight" - - Sympathetic nervous system
Results in stimulation of salivary glands, and slows the heart rate; "couch potatoes
state" - - Parasympathetic nervous system
Another name for stroke - - Cerebral vascular accident
