Test Bank Pediatric Primary Care 4th Edition By Richardson 2023 All Chapters Covered And Updated With Questions And Correct Answers

,Chapter 1 Obtaining an Initial History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE v


1. The nurse is seeing an adolescent and the parents in the clinic for the first time. Which should
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the nurse do first?
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a. Introduce him- or herself. v v v



b. Make the family comfortable. v v v



c. Give assurance of privacy. v v v



d. Explain the purpose of the interview. v v v v v



ANS: A
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The first thing that nurses must do is to introduce themselves to the patient and family. Parents
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and other adults should be addressed with appropriate titles unless they specify a preferred name.
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Clarification of the purpose of the interview and the nurses role is the second thing that should be
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done. During the initial part of the interview, the nurse should include general conversation to
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help make the family feel at ease. The interview also should take place in an environment as free
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of distraction as possible. In addition, the nurse should clarify which information will be shared
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with other members of the health care team and any limits to the confidentiality.
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2. Which is considered a block to effective communication?
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a. Using silence v




b. Using clichs v



c. Directing the focus v v



d. Defining the problem v v



ANS: B
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Using stereotyped comments or clichs can block effective communication. After the nurse uses
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such trite phrases, parents often do not respond. Silence can be an effective interviewing tool.
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Silence permits the interviewee to sort out thoughts and feelings and search for responses to
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questions. To be effective, the nurse must be able to direct the focus of the interview while
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allowing maximum freedom of expression. By using open-ended questions and guiding
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questions, the nurse can obtain the necessary information and maintain a relationship with the
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family. The nurse and parent must collaborate and define the problem that will be the focus of
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the nursing intervention.
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3. Which is the single most important factor to consider when communicating with children?
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a. Presence of the childs parent v v v v




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,b. Childs physical condition
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c. Childs developmental level
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d. Childs nonverbal behaviors v v



ANS: C
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The nurse must be aware of the childs developmental stage to engage in effective
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communication. The use of both verbal and nonverbal communication should be appropriate to
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the developmental level. Nonverbal behaviors vary in importance based on the childs
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developmental level and physical condition. Although the childs physical condition is a
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consideration, developmental level is much more important. The presence of parents is important
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when communicating with young children but may be detrimental when speaking with
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adolescents.
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4. Because children younger than 5 years are egocentric, the nurse should do which when
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communicating with them?
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a. Focus communication on the child. v v v v



b. Use easy analogies when possible.
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c. Explain experiences of others to the child. v v v v v v



d. Assure the child that communication is private. v v v v v v



vANS: A v


Because children of this age are able to see things only in terms of themselves, the best approach
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is to focus communication directly on them. Children should be provided with information about
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vwhat they can do and how they will feel. With children who are egocentric, analogies,
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vexperiences, and assurances that communication is private will not be effective because the child
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vis not capable of understanding.
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5. The nurses approach when introducing hospital equipment to a preschooler who seems afraid
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vshould be based on which principle?
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a. The child may think the equipment is alive. v v v v v v v



b. Explaining the equipment will only increase the childs fear. v v v v v v v v



c. One brief explanation will be enough to reduce the childs fear.
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d. The child is too young to understand what the equipment does.
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ANS: A
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Young children attribute human characteristics to inanimate objects. They often fear that the
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objects may jump, bite, cut, or pinch all by themselves without human direction. Equipment
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should be kept out of sight until needed. Simple, concrete explanations about what the equipment
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does and how it will feel will help alleviate the childs fear. Preschoolers need repeated
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explanations as reassurance.
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6. When the nurse interviews an adolescent, which is especially important?
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a. Focus the discussion on the peer group. v v v v v v



b. Allow an opportunity to express feelings.
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c. Use the same type of language as the adolescent.
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d. Emphasize that confidentiality will always be maintained. v v v v v v



ANS: B
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Adolescents, like all children, need opportunities to express their feelings. Often they interject
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feelings into their words. The nurse must be alert to the words and feelings expressed. The nurse
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