WGU C182
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9rgdeu
1. Application Software: Programs end users run to accomplish tasks.
2. Productivity Software: Application software used to aid in productivity. I.E. Pre-
sentation software, word processor, spreadsheets.
3. System Software: Consists of programs that make up the OS and directly sup-
port system itself.
**Includes services or DAEMONS
4. Server Software: Works with hardware to provide network service.
5. Local Application: Software stored on an individual computer.
6. Intranet: A LAN that uses IP. Used to communicate within organization.
7. Cloud Computing: Allows organization to access resources/app anywhere, any-
time. Beneficial because an org. may access resources it may not normally have.
8. Operating Systems: Allows a user to easily access hardware/software, required
to maintain computer environment.
9. Kernel: Core component of OS.
Loads when computer first boots
Sits on top of hardware, is interface b/w hardware and software.
10. Device Drivers: Interface b/w OS and hardware.
11. Shell: Interface for user, often personalized. The shell provides access to the
kernel.
I.E. The GUI will translate mouse motions into calls to kernel/routines. Desktop
elements include shortcuts, windows theme, menus, background.
12. Services (Daemons): OS programs that start when OS is loaded. They run in
the background and wait for an event to initiate.
13. Utility Programs: Allow user to monitor system performance.
14. Web Server: Role is to respond to HTTP requests.
*Most HTTP requests are for HTML docs, but could include any web accessible
resource.
It's all combined into the URL.
**APACHE is most popular web server-can execute scripts for dynamic pages, use
security mechanisms, log request for trend tracking.
15. Proxy Server: A software that acts as an intermediary between a client and a
server to shield the client from adverse actions of the server.
*Also provides degree of anonymity, since IP address recorded is for proxy server
and not individual client.
*Can also be used to block requests to certain servers (i.e Facebook)
*Can reject responses that contain certain content (i.e "porn")
**SQUID is most common, but APACHE can also be used as proxy server.
16. Database Server: Permits database access across a network.
Performs tasks such as data analysis, data manipulation, security, and archiving.
1/7
, WGU C182
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May/may not store database itself.
**MySQL is popular.
17. File Server: Computer with large hard disk storing files, but can also store
software to be run over network.
18. Email Server: Provides email service.
Accepts email request from clients.
IMAP,POPS,HTTP,MAPI,MIME
19. String Data: Alphanumeric or text
Ex: James (Last name)
623 Hill Street
20. Number Integer: Numeric data, whole numbers.
Ex: 4
21. Floating Point: Decimal.
Ex: 4.2
22. Date/Time: Type of Data
23. Boolean/Logical: Type of Data.
Ex: True/False (in reply to active subscriber?)
Only two possible answers: yes/no or true/false
24. Flat File Database: One large single table without relations between tables.
*Most common is CSV file (files separated by comma)
*Flat file is used if amount of data is fairly small.
Ex: Spreadsheet
25. Relational Database: Most common structure for database.
*Distinguished by multiple tables with interrelated fields.
*When queried, data can be pulled form any # of relations that may be contained in
multiple databases.
*Provides lots of flexibility.
26. Hierarchical Database: Organizes data by using tree-like or organizational
chart type structure.
*Main data points can have multiple sub-data points (Parent/child structure)-Sub-
points can only have one main data point.
* Records can be broken up so one portion is in one location and another is in
another section.
Ex: Employee database could list all employees, but a child relation could contain
info about employee position, pay level, responsibilities. Another child relation could
include info about employee projects. Sub data is always specific to main data point.
27. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP): Most commonly used network connections.
Looks just as it sounds, wires twisted together in a pair.
2/7
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9rgdeu
1. Application Software: Programs end users run to accomplish tasks.
2. Productivity Software: Application software used to aid in productivity. I.E. Pre-
sentation software, word processor, spreadsheets.
3. System Software: Consists of programs that make up the OS and directly sup-
port system itself.
**Includes services or DAEMONS
4. Server Software: Works with hardware to provide network service.
5. Local Application: Software stored on an individual computer.
6. Intranet: A LAN that uses IP. Used to communicate within organization.
7. Cloud Computing: Allows organization to access resources/app anywhere, any-
time. Beneficial because an org. may access resources it may not normally have.
8. Operating Systems: Allows a user to easily access hardware/software, required
to maintain computer environment.
9. Kernel: Core component of OS.
Loads when computer first boots
Sits on top of hardware, is interface b/w hardware and software.
10. Device Drivers: Interface b/w OS and hardware.
11. Shell: Interface for user, often personalized. The shell provides access to the
kernel.
I.E. The GUI will translate mouse motions into calls to kernel/routines. Desktop
elements include shortcuts, windows theme, menus, background.
12. Services (Daemons): OS programs that start when OS is loaded. They run in
the background and wait for an event to initiate.
13. Utility Programs: Allow user to monitor system performance.
14. Web Server: Role is to respond to HTTP requests.
*Most HTTP requests are for HTML docs, but could include any web accessible
resource.
It's all combined into the URL.
**APACHE is most popular web server-can execute scripts for dynamic pages, use
security mechanisms, log request for trend tracking.
15. Proxy Server: A software that acts as an intermediary between a client and a
server to shield the client from adverse actions of the server.
*Also provides degree of anonymity, since IP address recorded is for proxy server
and not individual client.
*Can also be used to block requests to certain servers (i.e Facebook)
*Can reject responses that contain certain content (i.e "porn")
**SQUID is most common, but APACHE can also be used as proxy server.
16. Database Server: Permits database access across a network.
Performs tasks such as data analysis, data manipulation, security, and archiving.
1/7
, WGU C182
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_9rgdeu
May/may not store database itself.
**MySQL is popular.
17. File Server: Computer with large hard disk storing files, but can also store
software to be run over network.
18. Email Server: Provides email service.
Accepts email request from clients.
IMAP,POPS,HTTP,MAPI,MIME
19. String Data: Alphanumeric or text
Ex: James (Last name)
623 Hill Street
20. Number Integer: Numeric data, whole numbers.
Ex: 4
21. Floating Point: Decimal.
Ex: 4.2
22. Date/Time: Type of Data
23. Boolean/Logical: Type of Data.
Ex: True/False (in reply to active subscriber?)
Only two possible answers: yes/no or true/false
24. Flat File Database: One large single table without relations between tables.
*Most common is CSV file (files separated by comma)
*Flat file is used if amount of data is fairly small.
Ex: Spreadsheet
25. Relational Database: Most common structure for database.
*Distinguished by multiple tables with interrelated fields.
*When queried, data can be pulled form any # of relations that may be contained in
multiple databases.
*Provides lots of flexibility.
26. Hierarchical Database: Organizes data by using tree-like or organizational
chart type structure.
*Main data points can have multiple sub-data points (Parent/child structure)-Sub-
points can only have one main data point.
* Records can be broken up so one portion is in one location and another is in
another section.
Ex: Employee database could list all employees, but a child relation could contain
info about employee position, pay level, responsibilities. Another child relation could
include info about employee projects. Sub data is always specific to main data point.
27. Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP): Most commonly used network connections.
Looks just as it sounds, wires twisted together in a pair.
2/7
