NURS 172 Exam| COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH 100%
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Tuberculosis - ANSWER-An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body, especially
the lungs
precautions: airborne (N95 mask/neg pressure)
types: latent, primary, symptomatic
diagnosis:
- PPD skin test (observed 48-72hrs after inject)
- Chest X-Ray
- Sputum cultures
- QuatifFERON-TB gold
complications:
- respiratory failure
-bronchopleural fistula formation (an air/fluid sinus tract that develops between the bronchus and
pleural space)
-pleural effusions
-can spread via bloodstream and lymph circulation
rhinitis - ANSWER-inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose
types: allergic, non-allergic (cold), acute, chronic
symptoms: nasal itching, sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, purulent nasal discharge, nasal
obstruction, facial, pain/pressure/fullness
diagnosis:
-based on history / symptoms
-obtain history and onset
-allergy testing
,- PFT to evaluate for asthma or sleep apnea
-spirometry
assessment:
-V/S:
temperature, HR/BP (elevation may be r/t meds)
meds:
-first/second gen antihistamines
-oral decongestants
-nasal sprays
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - ANSWER-any pneumonia that results from contagious infection
outside of a hospital or clinic
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) - ANSWER-Occurring 48 hours or longer after admission and not
incubating at time of hospitalization
healthcare acquired pneumonia (HCAP) - ANSWER-Pneumonia in non-hospitalized patient with lots of
healthcare contact
Ex: Hemodialysis patient
Ex: Long-term care facility resident
Ex: Hospitalized in the last 90 days
latent TB - ANSWER-non-infectious, asymptomatic
does not cause disease
occurs in 90% of infected people
positive PPD, negative chest xray
primary TB - ANSWER--non-infectious, often asymptomatic
-granuloma formation starts but is unable to progress to calcification
,-positive PPD and sputum
symptomatic TB - ANSWER--fever, coughing, rusty sputum, weight loss, loss of energy, progressive lung
damage, night sweats, dyspnea, orthopnea, rales
-if bacteria escape lungs, it becomes systemic
types of rhinitis - ANSWER--acute:
1-3 weeks
-chronic:
up to 12 weeks, discolored nasal discharge
-allergic:
seasonal, seen in patient with allergies
-non-allergic:
common cold cause by viruses
antihistamines - ANSWER-Diphenhydramine & Loratidine
Action: Relieve itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea. Do NOT relieve congestion.
Used to treat: Allergic reactions, Anaphylaxis, Motion sickness, Insomnia.
- 1st gen: Diphenhydramine
-Complications:
sedation, Anticholinergic effects, GI discomfort
-Considerations:
Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants, Take with food
-2nd gen: Loratadine
-Complications:
, GI discomfort
-Considerations:
Take with food
expectorant - ANSWER-Guaifenesin
-Action:
Promotes increased cough production by increasing and thinning mucous secretions
-Used to treat:
Cough
-Complications:
GI upset, Drowsiness, dizziness, Allergic reaction/rash
-Considerations:
Take with food, stop if allergic reaction
Oral Decongestants - ANSWER-pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, ephedrine
-Action:
Stimulate alpha1-adrenergic receptors causes decreased inflammation in nasal passages
-Used to treat:
Allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, Rhinosinusitis
-Complications:
Rebound congestion, CNS stimulation, Vasoconstriction, insomnia, irritability, palpitations
RATED CORRECT ANSWERS | GRADED A+ | 100%
satisfaction guaranteed
Tuberculosis - ANSWER-An infectious disease that may affect almost all tissues of the body, especially
the lungs
precautions: airborne (N95 mask/neg pressure)
types: latent, primary, symptomatic
diagnosis:
- PPD skin test (observed 48-72hrs after inject)
- Chest X-Ray
- Sputum cultures
- QuatifFERON-TB gold
complications:
- respiratory failure
-bronchopleural fistula formation (an air/fluid sinus tract that develops between the bronchus and
pleural space)
-pleural effusions
-can spread via bloodstream and lymph circulation
rhinitis - ANSWER-inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose
types: allergic, non-allergic (cold), acute, chronic
symptoms: nasal itching, sneezing, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, purulent nasal discharge, nasal
obstruction, facial, pain/pressure/fullness
diagnosis:
-based on history / symptoms
-obtain history and onset
-allergy testing
,- PFT to evaluate for asthma or sleep apnea
-spirometry
assessment:
-V/S:
temperature, HR/BP (elevation may be r/t meds)
meds:
-first/second gen antihistamines
-oral decongestants
-nasal sprays
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - ANSWER-any pneumonia that results from contagious infection
outside of a hospital or clinic
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia (HAP) - ANSWER-Occurring 48 hours or longer after admission and not
incubating at time of hospitalization
healthcare acquired pneumonia (HCAP) - ANSWER-Pneumonia in non-hospitalized patient with lots of
healthcare contact
Ex: Hemodialysis patient
Ex: Long-term care facility resident
Ex: Hospitalized in the last 90 days
latent TB - ANSWER-non-infectious, asymptomatic
does not cause disease
occurs in 90% of infected people
positive PPD, negative chest xray
primary TB - ANSWER--non-infectious, often asymptomatic
-granuloma formation starts but is unable to progress to calcification
,-positive PPD and sputum
symptomatic TB - ANSWER--fever, coughing, rusty sputum, weight loss, loss of energy, progressive lung
damage, night sweats, dyspnea, orthopnea, rales
-if bacteria escape lungs, it becomes systemic
types of rhinitis - ANSWER--acute:
1-3 weeks
-chronic:
up to 12 weeks, discolored nasal discharge
-allergic:
seasonal, seen in patient with allergies
-non-allergic:
common cold cause by viruses
antihistamines - ANSWER-Diphenhydramine & Loratidine
Action: Relieve itching, sneezing, and rhinorrhea. Do NOT relieve congestion.
Used to treat: Allergic reactions, Anaphylaxis, Motion sickness, Insomnia.
- 1st gen: Diphenhydramine
-Complications:
sedation, Anticholinergic effects, GI discomfort
-Considerations:
Avoid alcohol and other CNS depressants, Take with food
-2nd gen: Loratadine
-Complications:
, GI discomfort
-Considerations:
Take with food
expectorant - ANSWER-Guaifenesin
-Action:
Promotes increased cough production by increasing and thinning mucous secretions
-Used to treat:
Cough
-Complications:
GI upset, Drowsiness, dizziness, Allergic reaction/rash
-Considerations:
Take with food, stop if allergic reaction
Oral Decongestants - ANSWER-pseudoephedrine, phenylephrine, ephedrine
-Action:
Stimulate alpha1-adrenergic receptors causes decreased inflammation in nasal passages
-Used to treat:
Allergic or non-allergic rhinitis, Rhinosinusitis
-Complications:
Rebound congestion, CNS stimulation, Vasoconstriction, insomnia, irritability, palpitations
