NREMT EMT Cognitive Final Exam 2025

When assessing a conscious patient with an MOI that suggests spinal injury, you should: - Correct Ans-determine if the strength in all extremities is equal. During your assessment of a 20-year-old man with a severe headache and nausea, you ask him when his headache began, but he does not answer your question immediately. You should: - Correct Ans-allow him time to think about the question and respond to it. While at the scene of a motor vehicle crash, you determine that there are two critically injured patients and that another ambulance is needed. You attempt to contact the dispatcher with your portable radio but are unsuccessful. You should: - Correct Ans-use the mobile radio in the ambulance to contact dispatch. The MOST prominent symptom of decompression sickness is: - Correct Ans-abdominal or joint pain. A severe risk of terrorist attacks is indicated by the color _____ by the Department of Homeland Security Security Advisory System. - Correct Ans-red When enlisting the help of an interpreter who signs, it is important for you to ask the interpreter to: - Correct Ans-report exactly what the patient signs and not to add any commentary. Which of the following statements regarding striated muscle is correct? - Correct Ans-It forms the major muscle mass of the body and usually crosses at least one joint. A mother who is pregnant with her first baby is typically in the first stage of labor for approximately: - Correct Ans-16 hours You respond to the residence of a 70-year-old male who complains of weakness and severe shortness of breath. His wife tells you that he is a dialysis patient, but has missed his last two treatments. After applying high-flow oxygen, you auscultate his lungs and hear diffuse rhonchi. The patient is conscious, but appears confused. His blood pressure is 98/54 mm Hg, his pulse rate is 120 beats/min and irregular, and his respirations are 24 breaths/min and labored. You should: - Correct Ans-leave him in a sitting position, keep him warm, and prepare for immediate transport. You are transporting a stable patient with a possible pneumothorax. The patient is receiving 100% oxygen and has an oxygen saturation of 95%. During your reassessment, you find that the patient is now confused, hypotensive, and profusely diaphoretic. What is MOST likely causing this patient's deterioration? - Correct Ans-compression of the aorta and vena cava A 60-year-old male is found to be unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic. You should: - Correct Ans-begin CPR until an AED is available. Equipment and supplies that are carried on an ambulance should be stored: - Correct Ans-according to the urgency and frequency of their use. Upon arriving at the scene of a law enforcement tactical situation, you should ensure your own safety and then: - Correct Ans-report to the incident commander for instructions. Which of the following statements regarding the scoop stretcher is NOT correct? - Correct Ans-A scoop stretcher will provide adequate immobilization of a patient's spinal column. The exocrine gland of the pancreas secretes: - Correct Ans-pancreatic juice In order to evaluate hazards present at the scene and determine the number of patients, you should: - Correct Ans-perform a 360° walk-around of the scene You are caring for a semiconscious man with left-sided paralysis. His airway is patent and his respirations are 14 breaths/min with adequate tidal volume. Treatment for this patient should include: - Correct Ans-oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask, left lateral recumbent position, and transport. A patient who cannot remember the events that preceded his or her head injury is experiencing: - Correct Ans-retrograde amnesia A 50-year-old male was splashed in the eyes with radiator fluid when he was working on his car. During your assessment, he tells you that he wears soft contact lenses. You should: - Correct Ans-carefully remove the contact lenses and then irrigate his eyes with saline. You are ventilating an apneic woman with a bag-mask device. She has dentures, which are tight-fitting. Adequate chest rise is present with each ventilation, and the patient's oxygen saturation reads 96%. When you reassess the patency of her airway, you note that her dentures are now loose, although your ventilations are still producing adequate chest rise. You should: - Correct Ans-remove her dentures, resume ventilations, and assess for adequate chest rise. Which of the following statements regarding anaphylaxis is correct? - Correct Ans-Anaphylaxis is characterized by airway swelling and hypotension. The MOST reliable indicator of an underlying fracture is: - Correct Ans-point tenderness Which of the following conditions is more common in women than in men? - Correct Ans-cystitis Subcutaneous injections deliver the medication: - Correct Ans-between the skin and the muscle. Medications encased in a gelatin shell taken by mouth are called: - Correct Ans-capsules According to the rule of palm method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to _____ of his or her total BSA. - Correct Ans-1% A 31-year-old female is experiencing an acute asthma attack. She is conscious and alert, but in obvious respiratory distress. After assisting her with her prescribed MDI, you should: - Correct Ans-reassess the patient and document her response to the medication. In determining the potential for a terrorist attack, you should routinely observe all of the following on every call, EXCEPT: - Correct Ans-weather conditions Which of the following statements regarding gonorrhea is correct? - Correct Ans-Painful urination is a common symptom of gonorrhea in men and women. Accumulation of blood in the abdominal cavity will MOST likely cause: - Correct Ans-distention You are assessing a 30-year-old woman with multiple large bruises to her chest and abdomen that she experienced during an assault. She is conscious but restless, and her skin is cool and pale. You should be MOST concerned with: - Correct Ans-the fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she is bleeding internally. Spina bifida is a developmental defect in which: - Correct Ans-a portion of the spinal cord or meninges protrudes outside of the vertebrae. Correct Calming and reassuring an anxious patient can be facilitated by: - Correct Ans-maintaining eye contact with the patient whenever possible. Which of the following statements regarding glucose is correct? - Correct Ans-The brain requires glucose as much as it requires oxygen. You are summoned to a convalescent center for an 88-year-old female with an altered mental status. A staff nurse advises you that the patient has terminal cancer and her physician stated that she would probably die within the next few hours; a valid do not resuscitate (DNR) order is presented to you. When caring for this patient, you should: - Correct Ans-make her comfortable and provide emotional support. You are assessing a 45-year-old female who is severely depressed. She states that it seems as though her entire world is crashing down around her. She further states that she has had frequent thoughts of suicide, but is not sure if she can actually go through with it. How should you manage this situation? - Correct Ans-Ask the patient if she has developed a suicidal plan. Which of the following statements regarding the rapid extrication technique is correct? - Correct Ans-The rapid extrication technique is indicated if the scene is unsafe and the patient is not entrapped in his or her vehicle. The six-pointed Star of Life® emblem identifies vehicles that: - Correct Ans-meet federal specifications as licensed or certified ambulances. Viral hemorrhagic fevers (VHF), such as Ebola, cause the blood to: - Correct Ans-seep out of the blood vessels and tissues. To ensure that you will deliver the appropriate number of chest compressions during one-rescuer adult CPR, you should compress the patient's chest at a rate of least _______ per minute. - Correct Ans-100 A 19-year-old female was stung multiple times on the legs by fire ants. She states that she is allergic to fire ants, but does not carry her own epinephrine. The patient is conscious and alert and complains of pain to the area of the bites. Her blood pressure is 122/70 mm Hg, her pulse is 100 beats/min and strong, and her respirations are 18 breaths/min and unlabored. You should: - Correct Ans-administer oxygen and transport her to the hospital. Which of the following conditions often requires transport to a hospital with specialized capabilities that may not be available at the closest hospital? - Correct Ans-stroke and heart attacks Which of the following would MOST likely result in hemorrhagic shock? - Correct Ans-liver laceration The two MOST efficient ways for the body to eliminate excess