ATI Renal System
The three major functions of the urinary system are - Answer-excretion, elimination, &
homeostatic regulation of the volume and solute concentration of blood plasma.
/.excretion, - Answer-the removal of organic waste products from body fluids;
/.elimination - Answer-, the discharge of these waste products into the environment;
/.homeostatic regulation - Answer-of the volume and solute concentration of blood
plasma.
/.homeostatic functions - Answer-include regulating blood volume and pressure by
adjusting the volume of water lost and releasing hormones; regulating plasma
concentrations of ions; helping to stabilize blood pH; conserving nutrients; assisting the
liver in detoxifying poisons; and, during starvation, deaminating amino acids so that they
can be catabolized by other tissues.
/.urinary system - Answer-kidneys, the ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
/.kidneys - Answer-The --- produce urine, which is a fluid that contains water, ions, and
soluble compounds.
/.urination - Answer-During --- (micturition), urine is forced out of the body.
/.Kidneys - Answer---- are highly vascular organs containing functional units called
nephrons, which filter, reabsorb, and secrete
/.left kidney - Answer-The --- extends superiorly slightly more than the right kidney. Both
kidneys and the adrenal gland that overlies each are retroperitoneal.
/.hilum - Answer-The --- , a medial indentation, provides entry for the renal
artery and renal nerves and exit for the renal vein and the ureter.
/.superficial, cortex - Answer-The --- portion of the kidney, the ---, surrounds the
medulla.
/.ureter - Answer-The --- communicates with the renal pelvis, a chamber that branches
into two major calyces.
/.major calyx, minor calyces, renal papillae - Answer-Each --- is connected to four or five
--- , which enclose the ---.
, /.blood supply - Answer-The --- to the kidneys includes the renal, segmental, interlobar,
arcuate, and cortical radiate arteries
/.renal nerves, - Answer-The --- which innervate the kidneys and ureters, are dominated
by sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
/.nephron - Answer-The --- is the basic functional unit in the kidney
/.renal corpuscle, renal tubule - Answer-The nephron consists of the --- and ---.
/.renal tubule, - Answer-The --- is long and narrow and divided into the proximal
convoluted tubule, the nephron loop, and the distal convoluted tubule
/.Filtrate - Answer---- is produced at the renal corpuscle.
/.nephron - Answer-The --- empties tubular fluid into the collecting system, consisting of
collecting ducts and papillary ducts.
/.Nephrons - Answer---- produce filtrate; reabsorb organic nutrients, water, and ions;
and secrete into the tubular fluid various waste products.
/.cortical nephrons - Answer-Roughly 85 percent of the nephrons are --- , located in the
renal cortex.
/.Juxtamedullary nephrons - Answer-are closer to the renal medulla, with their nephron
loops extending deep into the renal pyramids.
/.efferent arteriole - Answer-Blood travels from the --- to the peritubular capillaries and
the vasa recta.
/.glomerulus, glomerular capsule. - Answer-The renal tubule begins at the renal
corpuscle, which includes a knot of intertwined capillaries called the --- , surrounded by
the ---
/.afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole. - Answer-Blood arrives at the glomerulus by the ---
and departs in the ---
/.podocytes - Answer-At the glomerulus, --- cover the dense layer of the capillaries that
project into the capsular space.
/.filtration slits. - Answer-The pedicels of the podocytes are separated by narrow ---
/.Mesangial - Answer---- cells lie between adjacent capillaries and control capillary
diameter.
The three major functions of the urinary system are - Answer-excretion, elimination, &
homeostatic regulation of the volume and solute concentration of blood plasma.
/.excretion, - Answer-the removal of organic waste products from body fluids;
/.elimination - Answer-, the discharge of these waste products into the environment;
/.homeostatic regulation - Answer-of the volume and solute concentration of blood
plasma.
/.homeostatic functions - Answer-include regulating blood volume and pressure by
adjusting the volume of water lost and releasing hormones; regulating plasma
concentrations of ions; helping to stabilize blood pH; conserving nutrients; assisting the
liver in detoxifying poisons; and, during starvation, deaminating amino acids so that they
can be catabolized by other tissues.
/.urinary system - Answer-kidneys, the ureters, the urinary bladder, and the urethra.
/.kidneys - Answer-The --- produce urine, which is a fluid that contains water, ions, and
soluble compounds.
/.urination - Answer-During --- (micturition), urine is forced out of the body.
/.Kidneys - Answer---- are highly vascular organs containing functional units called
nephrons, which filter, reabsorb, and secrete
/.left kidney - Answer-The --- extends superiorly slightly more than the right kidney. Both
kidneys and the adrenal gland that overlies each are retroperitoneal.
/.hilum - Answer-The --- , a medial indentation, provides entry for the renal
artery and renal nerves and exit for the renal vein and the ureter.
/.superficial, cortex - Answer-The --- portion of the kidney, the ---, surrounds the
medulla.
/.ureter - Answer-The --- communicates with the renal pelvis, a chamber that branches
into two major calyces.
/.major calyx, minor calyces, renal papillae - Answer-Each --- is connected to four or five
--- , which enclose the ---.
, /.blood supply - Answer-The --- to the kidneys includes the renal, segmental, interlobar,
arcuate, and cortical radiate arteries
/.renal nerves, - Answer-The --- which innervate the kidneys and ureters, are dominated
by sympathetic postganglionic fibers.
/.nephron - Answer-The --- is the basic functional unit in the kidney
/.renal corpuscle, renal tubule - Answer-The nephron consists of the --- and ---.
/.renal tubule, - Answer-The --- is long and narrow and divided into the proximal
convoluted tubule, the nephron loop, and the distal convoluted tubule
/.Filtrate - Answer---- is produced at the renal corpuscle.
/.nephron - Answer-The --- empties tubular fluid into the collecting system, consisting of
collecting ducts and papillary ducts.
/.Nephrons - Answer---- produce filtrate; reabsorb organic nutrients, water, and ions;
and secrete into the tubular fluid various waste products.
/.cortical nephrons - Answer-Roughly 85 percent of the nephrons are --- , located in the
renal cortex.
/.Juxtamedullary nephrons - Answer-are closer to the renal medulla, with their nephron
loops extending deep into the renal pyramids.
/.efferent arteriole - Answer-Blood travels from the --- to the peritubular capillaries and
the vasa recta.
/.glomerulus, glomerular capsule. - Answer-The renal tubule begins at the renal
corpuscle, which includes a knot of intertwined capillaries called the --- , surrounded by
the ---
/.afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole. - Answer-Blood arrives at the glomerulus by the ---
and departs in the ---
/.podocytes - Answer-At the glomerulus, --- cover the dense layer of the capillaries that
project into the capsular space.
/.filtration slits. - Answer-The pedicels of the podocytes are separated by narrow ---
/.Mesangial - Answer---- cells lie between adjacent capillaries and control capillary
diameter.
