Fundamentals of Nursing
Final Exam Test Bank
1. Basic Nursing Concepts
Q1: What is the primary goal of nursing?
A: The primary goal of nursing is to promote health, prevent illness, restore health,
and facilitate coping with disability or death.
Q2: What is the nursing process and its five steps?
A: The nursing process is a systematic method for patient care, consisting of:
Assessment – Gathering data
,Diagnosis – Identifying health problems
Planning – Setting goals and interventions
Implementation – Carrying out interventions
Evaluation – Assessing the effectiveness of care
2. Patient Safety & Infection Control
Q3: What are the five moments for hand hygiene?
A:
Before touching a patient
Before a clean/aseptic procedure
After body fluid exposure risk
After touching a patient
After touching patient surroundings
Q4: What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?
A: Proper hand hygiene with soap and water or alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
3. Vital Signs & Physical Assessment
Q5: What are the normal ranges for adult vital signs?
A:
Temperature: 36.1°C–37.2°C (97°F–99°F)
Heart Rate: 60-100 bpm
, Respiratory Rate: 12-20 breaths per minute
Blood Pressure: <120/80 mmHg
Oxygen Saturation: 95%-100%
Q6: What is the first nursing action when a patient has an irregular pulse?
A: Reassess the pulse for one full minute and notify the healthcare provider if the
abnormality persists.
4. Medication Administration
Q7: What are the "Six Rights" of medication administration?
A:
Right Patient
Right Medication
Right Dose
Right Route
Right Time
Right Documentation
Q8: Why is it important to check for allergies before administering medications?
A: To prevent adverse drug reactions, including anaphylaxis.
5. Ethics & Legal Issues in Nursing
Q9: What is the meaning of autonomy in nursing?
Final Exam Test Bank
1. Basic Nursing Concepts
Q1: What is the primary goal of nursing?
A: The primary goal of nursing is to promote health, prevent illness, restore health,
and facilitate coping with disability or death.
Q2: What is the nursing process and its five steps?
A: The nursing process is a systematic method for patient care, consisting of:
Assessment – Gathering data
,Diagnosis – Identifying health problems
Planning – Setting goals and interventions
Implementation – Carrying out interventions
Evaluation – Assessing the effectiveness of care
2. Patient Safety & Infection Control
Q3: What are the five moments for hand hygiene?
A:
Before touching a patient
Before a clean/aseptic procedure
After body fluid exposure risk
After touching a patient
After touching patient surroundings
Q4: What is the most effective way to prevent the spread of infection?
A: Proper hand hygiene with soap and water or alcohol-based hand sanitizer.
3. Vital Signs & Physical Assessment
Q5: What are the normal ranges for adult vital signs?
A:
Temperature: 36.1°C–37.2°C (97°F–99°F)
Heart Rate: 60-100 bpm
, Respiratory Rate: 12-20 breaths per minute
Blood Pressure: <120/80 mmHg
Oxygen Saturation: 95%-100%
Q6: What is the first nursing action when a patient has an irregular pulse?
A: Reassess the pulse for one full minute and notify the healthcare provider if the
abnormality persists.
4. Medication Administration
Q7: What are the "Six Rights" of medication administration?
A:
Right Patient
Right Medication
Right Dose
Right Route
Right Time
Right Documentation
Q8: Why is it important to check for allergies before administering medications?
A: To prevent adverse drug reactions, including anaphylaxis.
5. Ethics & Legal Issues in Nursing
Q9: What is the meaning of autonomy in nursing?
