EMT Renewal Neurological Emergencies for
BLS Providers: Strokes UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Encased in the skull, the ________ is a mass of nerve tissue and is the control center of the
nervous system. - CORRECT ANSWER - Brain
The brain is generally divided into the cerebrum, brain stem, and ___________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Cerebellum.
Cerebrum - CORRECT ANSWER - Largest part of the brain and is divided into the right
and left cerebral hemispheres. The outer most layer, the cerebral cortex, contains four lobes: the
parietal, temporal, occipital, and frontal lobes; each lobe has specific functions.
The brain stem connects the brain with the spinal cord and is composed of what? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Midbrain, pons, and medulla.
Cerebellum - CORRECT ANSWER - The second largest part of the brain and contains
half of the neurons in the entire brain.
The 4 Lobes of the Cerebrum - CORRECT ANSWER - frontal, parietal, temporal,
occipital
Frontal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER -
Parietal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER -
Temporal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER -
,Brain Stem - CORRECT ANSWER -
Neurons - CORRECT ANSWER - Also known as nerve cells, conduct nerve signals.
Neurons detect information or stimuli to the body and react by transmitting electrical information
along an axon. At the end of an axon exists a small gap known as a synapse. At the synapse, the
electrical information is translated into chemical information where it can cross the synaptic cleft
to the receptors on the dendrites of other cells.
Nerves - CORRECT ANSWER - Transmit information to the rest of the body. A nerve is a
bundle of axons, also known as nerve fibers, and is covered in three layers of connective tissue.
There are three types of peripheral nerves: motor (efferent), sensory (afferent), and autonomic.
Each type is responsible for different tasks; afferent nerves transmit impulses toward the brain
and efferent nerves transmit impulses away from the brain.
Neurological emergency - CORRECT ANSWER - Is a situation in which a patient exhibits
signs and symptoms associated with a condition involving the brain or spinal cord.
TIA - CORRECT ANSWER - Transient Ischemic Attack. Results from temporary blood
flow restriction in the brain. Symptoms similar to a stroke yet resolve within minutes to hours.
Also known as a mini-stroke and is often a precursor to a stroke
CVA (Stroke) - CORRECT ANSWER - Cerebrovascular Accident. Occurs when blood
flow to / within the brain is completely restricted (cut off) or reduced by a clot or rupture. Results
in death of the brain tissue and hallmark signs indicating a lock of oxygenation / nutrients to the
affected area of the brain. Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in the United States
Ischemic Stroke - CORRECT ANSWER - A stroke secondary to a clot in the brain
Hemorrhagic Stroke - CORRECT ANSWER - A stroke secondary to the rupture of a blood
vessel
Seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - Sudden abnormal changes in the electrical activity in the
brain
, PNS - CORRECT ANSWER - Peripheral Nervous System. Composed of the nerves and
ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Divided into the sensory ( afferent ) and motor (
efferent ) divisions which are each divided into somatic and visceral divisions. The visceral
motor division, also known as the autonomic nervous system ( ANS ) is further divided into the
sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
CNS - CORRECT ANSWER - Central Nervous System Composed of the brain and spinal
cord
Neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - A single nerve cell. Neurons conduct nerve signals.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - CORRECT ANSWER - A head injury ( blunt force or
penetration ) that disrupts normal brain function
Neurology - CORRECT ANSWER - The branch of medicine regarding disorders and
conditions of the nervous system
HPI - CORRECT ANSWER - History of present illness. Especially helpful with seizure
patients or repeat stroke patients / patients who have recently been diagnosed with TIA indicating
impending CVA
Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER - Nerves transmit information to the rest of the body. A
nerve is a bundle of axons, also known as nerve fibers, and is covered in three layers of
connective tissue. There are three types of peripheral nerves: motor ( efferent ), sensory ( afferent
), and autonomic. Spinal nerves are examples of nerves.
Motor ( efferent ) Nerves - CORRECT ANSWER - Transmit impulses away from the brain
Sensory ( Afferent ) Nerves - CORRECT ANSWER - Transmit impulses toward the brain
BLS Providers: Strokes UPDATED Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Encased in the skull, the ________ is a mass of nerve tissue and is the control center of the
nervous system. - CORRECT ANSWER - Brain
The brain is generally divided into the cerebrum, brain stem, and ___________. - CORRECT
ANSWER - Cerebellum.
Cerebrum - CORRECT ANSWER - Largest part of the brain and is divided into the right
and left cerebral hemispheres. The outer most layer, the cerebral cortex, contains four lobes: the
parietal, temporal, occipital, and frontal lobes; each lobe has specific functions.
The brain stem connects the brain with the spinal cord and is composed of what? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Midbrain, pons, and medulla.
Cerebellum - CORRECT ANSWER - The second largest part of the brain and contains
half of the neurons in the entire brain.
The 4 Lobes of the Cerebrum - CORRECT ANSWER - frontal, parietal, temporal,
occipital
Frontal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER -
Parietal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER -
Temporal Lobe - CORRECT ANSWER -
,Brain Stem - CORRECT ANSWER -
Neurons - CORRECT ANSWER - Also known as nerve cells, conduct nerve signals.
Neurons detect information or stimuli to the body and react by transmitting electrical information
along an axon. At the end of an axon exists a small gap known as a synapse. At the synapse, the
electrical information is translated into chemical information where it can cross the synaptic cleft
to the receptors on the dendrites of other cells.
Nerves - CORRECT ANSWER - Transmit information to the rest of the body. A nerve is a
bundle of axons, also known as nerve fibers, and is covered in three layers of connective tissue.
There are three types of peripheral nerves: motor (efferent), sensory (afferent), and autonomic.
Each type is responsible for different tasks; afferent nerves transmit impulses toward the brain
and efferent nerves transmit impulses away from the brain.
Neurological emergency - CORRECT ANSWER - Is a situation in which a patient exhibits
signs and symptoms associated with a condition involving the brain or spinal cord.
TIA - CORRECT ANSWER - Transient Ischemic Attack. Results from temporary blood
flow restriction in the brain. Symptoms similar to a stroke yet resolve within minutes to hours.
Also known as a mini-stroke and is often a precursor to a stroke
CVA (Stroke) - CORRECT ANSWER - Cerebrovascular Accident. Occurs when blood
flow to / within the brain is completely restricted (cut off) or reduced by a clot or rupture. Results
in death of the brain tissue and hallmark signs indicating a lock of oxygenation / nutrients to the
affected area of the brain. Stroke is the leading cause of long-term disability in the United States
Ischemic Stroke - CORRECT ANSWER - A stroke secondary to a clot in the brain
Hemorrhagic Stroke - CORRECT ANSWER - A stroke secondary to the rupture of a blood
vessel
Seizure - CORRECT ANSWER - Sudden abnormal changes in the electrical activity in the
brain
, PNS - CORRECT ANSWER - Peripheral Nervous System. Composed of the nerves and
ganglia outside of the central nervous system. Divided into the sensory ( afferent ) and motor (
efferent ) divisions which are each divided into somatic and visceral divisions. The visceral
motor division, also known as the autonomic nervous system ( ANS ) is further divided into the
sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
CNS - CORRECT ANSWER - Central Nervous System Composed of the brain and spinal
cord
Neuron - CORRECT ANSWER - A single nerve cell. Neurons conduct nerve signals.
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) - CORRECT ANSWER - A head injury ( blunt force or
penetration ) that disrupts normal brain function
Neurology - CORRECT ANSWER - The branch of medicine regarding disorders and
conditions of the nervous system
HPI - CORRECT ANSWER - History of present illness. Especially helpful with seizure
patients or repeat stroke patients / patients who have recently been diagnosed with TIA indicating
impending CVA
Nerve - CORRECT ANSWER - Nerves transmit information to the rest of the body. A
nerve is a bundle of axons, also known as nerve fibers, and is covered in three layers of
connective tissue. There are three types of peripheral nerves: motor ( efferent ), sensory ( afferent
), and autonomic. Spinal nerves are examples of nerves.
Motor ( efferent ) Nerves - CORRECT ANSWER - Transmit impulses away from the brain
Sensory ( Afferent ) Nerves - CORRECT ANSWER - Transmit impulses toward the brain
