TEST BANK
Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and
Molecular Diagnostics, 8th Edition by Nader Rifai.
,Table`of`contents:
I.`Principles`Of`Laboratory`Medicine
Chapter`1.`Clinical`Chemistry,`Molecular`Diagnostics,`and`Laboratory`Medicine
Chapter`2.`Selection`and`Analytical`Evaluation`of`Methods`—`With`Statistical`Techniques
Chapter`3.`Clinical`Evaluation`of`Methods
Chapter`4.`Evidence-Based`Laboratory`Medicine
Chapter`5.`Establishment`and`Use`of`Reference`Values
Chapter`6.`Specimen`Collection,`Processing,`and`Other`Preanalytical`Variables
Chapter`7.`Quality`Management
II.`Analytical`Techniques`And`Instrumentation
Chapter`8.`Principles`of`Basic`Techniques`and`Laboratory`Safety
Chapter`9.`Optical`Techniques
Chapter`10.`Electrochemistry`and`Chemical`Sensors
Chapter`11.`Electrophoresis
Chapter`12.`Chromatography
Chapter`13.`Mass`Spectrometry
Chapter`14.`Enzyme`and`Rate`Analyses
Chapter`15.`Immunochemical`Techniques
Chapter`16`Automation
Chapter`17.`Point-of-Care`Instrumentation
III.` Analytes
Chapter`18.`Amino`Acids,`Peptides,`and`Proteins
Chapter`19.`Serum`Enzymes
Chapter`20.`Tumor`Markers`and`Cancer`Genes
Chapter`21.`Kidney`Function`Tests`—`Creatinine,`GFR,`Urea,`and`Uric`Acid
Chapter`22.`Carbohydrates
Chapter`23.`Lipids,`Lipoproteins,`Apolipoproteins,`and`Other`Cardiac`Risk`Factors
Chapter`24.`Electrolytes`and`Blood`Gases
Chapter`25.`Hormones
Chapter`26.` Catecholamines`and`Serotonin
Chapter`27.` Vitamins,`Trace`Elements,`Nutritional`Assessment
Chapter`28.`Hemoglobin,`Iron,`and`Bilirubin
Chapter`29.`Porphyrins`and`Porphyrias
Chapter`30.`Therapeutic`Drugs`and`Their`Management
Chapter`31.`Clinical`Toxicology
Chapter`32.` Toxic`Metals
IV.` Pathophysiology
Chapter`33.`Diabetes
Chapter`34.` Cardiovascular`Disease
,Chapter`35.` Kidney`Disease
Chapter`36.` Physiology`and`Disorders`of`Water,`Electrolyte,`and`Acid-Base`Metabolism
Chapter`37.` Liver`Disease
Chapter`38.` Gastrointestinal`and`Pancreatic`Diseases
Chapter`39.` Disorders`of`Bone`and`Mineral`Metabolism
Chapter`40.` Disorders`of`the`Pituitary`Gland
Chapter`41.` Disorders`of`the`Adrenal`Cortex
Chapter`42.` Thyroid`Disorders
Chapter`43.` Reproduction-Related`Disorders
Chapter`44.` Pregnancy`and`Prenatal`Testing
Chapter`45.` Newborn`Screening`and`Inborn`Errors`of`Metabolism
Chapter`46.`Pharmacogenetics
V.` Molecular`Diagnostics
Chapter`47.`Principles`of`Molecular`Biology
Chapter`48.`Nucleic`Acid`Techniques`and`Applications
Chapter`49.`Genomes`and`Nucleic`Acid`Alterations
, Chapter`01:`Clinical`Chemistry,`Molecular`Diagnostics,`and`Laboratory`MedicineTest`Ban
k
MULTIPLE`CHOICE
1. An`individual`working`in`a`clinical`chemistry`laboratory`is`married`to`a`sales`representative`
who`works`for`a`company`that`sells`chemistry`laboratory`supplies.`When`the`laboratory`mana
ger`requests`a`list`of`needed`supplies,`cost`of`supplies,`and`vendors,`this`individual`only`recom
mends`the`spouse’s`company`as`the`vendor.`This`is`considered`to`be`a(n):
a. accounting`issue.
b. possible`conflict`of`interest.
c. maintenance`of`confidentiality`issue.
d. problem`with`resource`allocation.
ANS:` B
Concern`has`been`raised`over`the`interrelationships`between`practitioners`in`the`medical`field`a
nd`commercial`suppliers`of`drugs,`devices,`equipment,`etc.,`to`the`medical`profession.
Similarly,`relationships`have`been`scrutinized`between`clinical`laboratorians`and`manufacturer
s`and`providers`of`diagnostic`equipment`and`supplies.`These`concerns`led`the`National`Institute
s`of`Health`(NIH)`in`1995`to`require`official`institutional`review`of`financial`disclosure`by`rese
archers`and`management`of`situations`in`which`disclosure`indicates`potential`conflicts`of`intere
st.
DIF: 1 REF:` ` Page`4-5 OBJ:` 6`|`7
2. A`patient`visits`her`physician`stating`that`her`prescribed`painkiller`is`not`working`to`reduce`t
he`pain`following`her`recent`surgery.`A`friend`of`the`patient`claims`that`the`same`painkiller`―
worked`wonders‖`to`reduce`her`pain`after`the`same`surgery.`The`physician`states`that`the`dif
ference`in`the`effect`of`the`drug`might`be`caused`by
,`which`is`studied`in`pharmacoge
netics.
a. epidemiology
b. an`inherited`disease
c. a`conflict`of`interest
d. a`genetic`variation`in`drug-metabolizing`enzymes
ANS:` D
Pharmacogenetics`is`the`study`of`the`genetic`variation`of`drug`metabolism`between`individ
uals.
DIF: 1 REF:` ` Page`3 OBJ:` 1
3. John`works`in`a`molecular`diagnostics`laboratory`and`receives`a`blood`sample`that`has`the`n
ame`of`a`close`friend`printed`on`the`bar-
coded`label.`The`genetic`test`that`is`ordered`on`the`friend’s`sample`would`provide`diagnostic
`information`about`a`disorder`that`has`a`poor`prognosis,`and`the`test`is`usually`performed`by`
John.`He`asks`a`fellow`employee`to`analyze`the`sample`for`him`and`not`divulge`the`results.`
This`ethical`issue`concerns:
a. confidentiality`of`patient`genetic`and`medical`information.
b. a`conflict`of`interest.
c. resource`allocation.
d. diagnostic`accuracy.
Tietz Fundamentals of Clinical Chemistry and
Molecular Diagnostics, 8th Edition by Nader Rifai.
,Table`of`contents:
I.`Principles`Of`Laboratory`Medicine
Chapter`1.`Clinical`Chemistry,`Molecular`Diagnostics,`and`Laboratory`Medicine
Chapter`2.`Selection`and`Analytical`Evaluation`of`Methods`—`With`Statistical`Techniques
Chapter`3.`Clinical`Evaluation`of`Methods
Chapter`4.`Evidence-Based`Laboratory`Medicine
Chapter`5.`Establishment`and`Use`of`Reference`Values
Chapter`6.`Specimen`Collection,`Processing,`and`Other`Preanalytical`Variables
Chapter`7.`Quality`Management
II.`Analytical`Techniques`And`Instrumentation
Chapter`8.`Principles`of`Basic`Techniques`and`Laboratory`Safety
Chapter`9.`Optical`Techniques
Chapter`10.`Electrochemistry`and`Chemical`Sensors
Chapter`11.`Electrophoresis
Chapter`12.`Chromatography
Chapter`13.`Mass`Spectrometry
Chapter`14.`Enzyme`and`Rate`Analyses
Chapter`15.`Immunochemical`Techniques
Chapter`16`Automation
Chapter`17.`Point-of-Care`Instrumentation
III.` Analytes
Chapter`18.`Amino`Acids,`Peptides,`and`Proteins
Chapter`19.`Serum`Enzymes
Chapter`20.`Tumor`Markers`and`Cancer`Genes
Chapter`21.`Kidney`Function`Tests`—`Creatinine,`GFR,`Urea,`and`Uric`Acid
Chapter`22.`Carbohydrates
Chapter`23.`Lipids,`Lipoproteins,`Apolipoproteins,`and`Other`Cardiac`Risk`Factors
Chapter`24.`Electrolytes`and`Blood`Gases
Chapter`25.`Hormones
Chapter`26.` Catecholamines`and`Serotonin
Chapter`27.` Vitamins,`Trace`Elements,`Nutritional`Assessment
Chapter`28.`Hemoglobin,`Iron,`and`Bilirubin
Chapter`29.`Porphyrins`and`Porphyrias
Chapter`30.`Therapeutic`Drugs`and`Their`Management
Chapter`31.`Clinical`Toxicology
Chapter`32.` Toxic`Metals
IV.` Pathophysiology
Chapter`33.`Diabetes
Chapter`34.` Cardiovascular`Disease
,Chapter`35.` Kidney`Disease
Chapter`36.` Physiology`and`Disorders`of`Water,`Electrolyte,`and`Acid-Base`Metabolism
Chapter`37.` Liver`Disease
Chapter`38.` Gastrointestinal`and`Pancreatic`Diseases
Chapter`39.` Disorders`of`Bone`and`Mineral`Metabolism
Chapter`40.` Disorders`of`the`Pituitary`Gland
Chapter`41.` Disorders`of`the`Adrenal`Cortex
Chapter`42.` Thyroid`Disorders
Chapter`43.` Reproduction-Related`Disorders
Chapter`44.` Pregnancy`and`Prenatal`Testing
Chapter`45.` Newborn`Screening`and`Inborn`Errors`of`Metabolism
Chapter`46.`Pharmacogenetics
V.` Molecular`Diagnostics
Chapter`47.`Principles`of`Molecular`Biology
Chapter`48.`Nucleic`Acid`Techniques`and`Applications
Chapter`49.`Genomes`and`Nucleic`Acid`Alterations
, Chapter`01:`Clinical`Chemistry,`Molecular`Diagnostics,`and`Laboratory`MedicineTest`Ban
k
MULTIPLE`CHOICE
1. An`individual`working`in`a`clinical`chemistry`laboratory`is`married`to`a`sales`representative`
who`works`for`a`company`that`sells`chemistry`laboratory`supplies.`When`the`laboratory`mana
ger`requests`a`list`of`needed`supplies,`cost`of`supplies,`and`vendors,`this`individual`only`recom
mends`the`spouse’s`company`as`the`vendor.`This`is`considered`to`be`a(n):
a. accounting`issue.
b. possible`conflict`of`interest.
c. maintenance`of`confidentiality`issue.
d. problem`with`resource`allocation.
ANS:` B
Concern`has`been`raised`over`the`interrelationships`between`practitioners`in`the`medical`field`a
nd`commercial`suppliers`of`drugs,`devices,`equipment,`etc.,`to`the`medical`profession.
Similarly,`relationships`have`been`scrutinized`between`clinical`laboratorians`and`manufacturer
s`and`providers`of`diagnostic`equipment`and`supplies.`These`concerns`led`the`National`Institute
s`of`Health`(NIH)`in`1995`to`require`official`institutional`review`of`financial`disclosure`by`rese
archers`and`management`of`situations`in`which`disclosure`indicates`potential`conflicts`of`intere
st.
DIF: 1 REF:` ` Page`4-5 OBJ:` 6`|`7
2. A`patient`visits`her`physician`stating`that`her`prescribed`painkiller`is`not`working`to`reduce`t
he`pain`following`her`recent`surgery.`A`friend`of`the`patient`claims`that`the`same`painkiller`―
worked`wonders‖`to`reduce`her`pain`after`the`same`surgery.`The`physician`states`that`the`dif
ference`in`the`effect`of`the`drug`might`be`caused`by
,`which`is`studied`in`pharmacoge
netics.
a. epidemiology
b. an`inherited`disease
c. a`conflict`of`interest
d. a`genetic`variation`in`drug-metabolizing`enzymes
ANS:` D
Pharmacogenetics`is`the`study`of`the`genetic`variation`of`drug`metabolism`between`individ
uals.
DIF: 1 REF:` ` Page`3 OBJ:` 1
3. John`works`in`a`molecular`diagnostics`laboratory`and`receives`a`blood`sample`that`has`the`n
ame`of`a`close`friend`printed`on`the`bar-
coded`label.`The`genetic`test`that`is`ordered`on`the`friend’s`sample`would`provide`diagnostic
`information`about`a`disorder`that`has`a`poor`prognosis,`and`the`test`is`usually`performed`by`
John.`He`asks`a`fellow`employee`to`analyze`the`sample`for`him`and`not`divulge`the`results.`
This`ethical`issue`concerns:
a. confidentiality`of`patient`genetic`and`medical`information.
b. a`conflict`of`interest.
c. resource`allocation.
d. diagnostic`accuracy.
