Finall Exam:l NSG124/l NSGl 124l (Latestl
2025/l 2026l Update)l Pharmacologyl
Review|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Herzing
Q:l muscarinicl agonistsl arel alsol knownl as
Answer:
parasympathomimeticl agents
Q:l Cholinergicl Agents
Muscarinicl Agonists
Answer:
Bethanecholl [Urecholine,l Duvoidl ]
Q:l Bethanecholl Mechanisml ofl Action
Answer:
isl al direct-actingl muscarinicl agonist.l Thel drugl bindsl reversiblyl tol muscarinicl cholinergicl
receptorsl tol causel activation.l Atl therapeuticl doses,l itl actsl selectivelyl atl muscarinicl
receptorsl yetl hasl littlel orl nol effectl onl nicotinicl receptors,l eitherl inl ganglial orl inl
skeletall muscle.
, Q:l bethanecholl use
Answer:
approvedl onlyl forl urinaryl retention
Q:l bethanecholl antidote
Answer:
atropinel isl al specificl antidotel tol poisoningl byl agentsl thatl activatel muscarinicl receptors.l
Byl blockingl muscarinicl receptors,l atropinel canl reversel alll signsl ofl muscarinicl poisoning.
Q:l bethanecholl adversel effects
Answer:
Bethanecholl canl causel hypotensionl (secondaryl tol vasodilation)l andl bradycardia.l
excessivel salivation,l increasedl secretionl ofl gastricl acid,l abdominall cramps,l andl diarrhea.l
Higherl dosesl canl causel involuntaryl defecation.
Q:l bethanecholl contraindicated
Answer:
-l contraindicatedl forl patientsl withl urinaryl tractl obstruction,l weaknessl ofl thel bladderl
wall,l intestinall obstructionl andl forl thosel recoveringl froml recentl surgeryl ofl thel bowel,l
patientsl withl asthma,l patientsl withl lowl bloodl pressurel orl lowl cardiacl output,l andl inl
patientsl withl gastricl ulcers,l andl thosel withl hyperthyroidism
Q:l Muscarinicl Antagonistsl (Anticholinergicl Drugs)
2025/l 2026l Update)l Pharmacologyl
Review|l Questionsl &l Answers|l Gradel A|l
100%l Correctl (Verifiedl Solutions)-l
Herzing
Q:l muscarinicl agonistsl arel alsol knownl as
Answer:
parasympathomimeticl agents
Q:l Cholinergicl Agents
Muscarinicl Agonists
Answer:
Bethanecholl [Urecholine,l Duvoidl ]
Q:l Bethanecholl Mechanisml ofl Action
Answer:
isl al direct-actingl muscarinicl agonist.l Thel drugl bindsl reversiblyl tol muscarinicl cholinergicl
receptorsl tol causel activation.l Atl therapeuticl doses,l itl actsl selectivelyl atl muscarinicl
receptorsl yetl hasl littlel orl nol effectl onl nicotinicl receptors,l eitherl inl ganglial orl inl
skeletall muscle.
, Q:l bethanecholl use
Answer:
approvedl onlyl forl urinaryl retention
Q:l bethanecholl antidote
Answer:
atropinel isl al specificl antidotel tol poisoningl byl agentsl thatl activatel muscarinicl receptors.l
Byl blockingl muscarinicl receptors,l atropinel canl reversel alll signsl ofl muscarinicl poisoning.
Q:l bethanecholl adversel effects
Answer:
Bethanecholl canl causel hypotensionl (secondaryl tol vasodilation)l andl bradycardia.l
excessivel salivation,l increasedl secretionl ofl gastricl acid,l abdominall cramps,l andl diarrhea.l
Higherl dosesl canl causel involuntaryl defecation.
Q:l bethanecholl contraindicated
Answer:
-l contraindicatedl forl patientsl withl urinaryl tractl obstruction,l weaknessl ofl thel bladderl
wall,l intestinall obstructionl andl forl thosel recoveringl froml recentl surgeryl ofl thel bowel,l
patientsl withl asthma,l patientsl withl lowl bloodl pressurel orl lowl cardiacl output,l andl inl
patientsl withl gastricl ulcers,l andl thosel withl hyperthyroidism
Q:l Muscarinicl Antagonistsl (Anticholinergicl Drugs)
