PSYC 2235 Final Exam Questions With
Verified Answers
primary aging - ANSWER age-related physical changes that have a biological basis and
are universally shared and inevitable. Sometimes it is called senescence
Secondary aging - ANSWER age-related changes that are due to social and
environmental influences, poor health habits, or disease
Examples of primary aging - ANSWER Grey hair, wrinkles, vision changes
Examples of secondary aging - ANSWER Socioeconomic status, epigenetics
Percentage of factors that determine health - ANSWER 50% socioeconomics
25% healthcare system
15% biology and genetics
10% physical environment
What are socioeconomic factors? - ANSWER Gender, race, education, income,
employment, social support, etc
What is physical environment factors? - ANSWER Adequate housing, safe workplaces
and communities, clean air and water, etc
Aggregate health indicators - ANSWER Disability adjusted life years (DALY)
Health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
Quality adjusted life years (QALY)
Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) - ANSWER A population health status measure that
incorporates measures of death and disability and allows for measurement of the impact
of categories of diseases and risk factors. It assumes a potential life limit of 82.5 years
for women and 80 years for men.
Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE) - ANSWER an estimate of life expectancy at
birth. It is the number of years that a newborn can expect to live in full health given
current rates of morbidity and mortality
Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY) - ANSWER A measure of how much benefits is gained
and at what cost for any particular physical or mental intervention. It provides an
estimate of the time a person will live at different levels of health over his remaining
years of life
,limbic system - ANSWER emotional center of the brain
response inhibition - ANSWER the suppression of a behavior that is inappropriate or no
longer required. Ex: taking time with multiple choice questions to weigh all answers,
refraining from saying something too fast, etc
decline in physical functioning: vision - ANSWER mid-40s
decline in physical functioning: hearing - ANSWER 50 or 60
decline in physical functioning: muscles - ANSWER about 50
decline in physical functioning: bones - ANSWER mid-30s in women
decline in physical functioning: heart and lungs - ANSWER 35 or 40
decline in physical functioning: nervous system - ANSWER gradually through adulthood
decline in physical functioning: immune system - ANSWER adolescence
decline in physical functioning: reproductive system - ANSWER mid-30 for women
early 40s for men
decline in physical functioning: height - ANSWER age 40
maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) - ANSWER a measure of the body's ability to take in
and transport oxygen to various body organs. declines with age (between 35 and 40) by
1% per year
menopause - ANSWER the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the
biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines.
sometimes by age 30 reproductivity begins to decline
post-formal operations - ANSWER the cognitive ability to consider multiple perspectives
and bring together seemingly contradictory information
Relativism - ANSWER the idea that some propositions cannot be adequately described
as either true or false
dialectical thought - ANSWER a form of thought involving recognition and acceptance of
paradox and uncertainty
reflective judgement - ANSWER the ability to identify the underlying assumptions of
differing perspectives on controversial issues
crystallized intelligence - ANSWER depends heavily on education and experience. it
consists of the set of skills and bits of knowledge that every adult learns as a part of
growing up in any given culture
fluid intelligence - ANSWER involves more basic abilities that depend on the efficient
, functioning of the central nervous system and less on specific experience
fluid intelligence declines gradually over adulthood starting at - ANSWER age 35 or 40
self-efficacy - ANSWER An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a
task.
locus of control - ANSWER A belief about the amount of control a person has over
situations in their life.
internal locus of control - ANSWER the perception that you control your own fate
external locus of control - ANSWER the perception that chance or outside forces beyond
your personal control determine your fate.
What locus of control has better outcomes for health - ANSWER High internal locus of
control
Examples of self-efficacy - ANSWER - Amanda is sure she will be able to follow her
prescription directions
- Jeffrey is worried he will be unable to measure insulin dosage correctly
Examples of optimism/pessimism - ANSWER - Amanda is convinced her illness will never
go away
- Jeffrey is aware that he will feel better once his diabetes is managed better
examples of locus of control - ANSWER - Amanda has suffered from a cough and runny
nose for weeks, convinced her illness cannot be resolved no matter what she does.
(External)
-Jeffrey recognizes that he has the ability to do his own research and has access to
specialists that can help him in managing his diabetes (internal)
Most common STI - ANSWER Chlamydia and Gonnorrhea
Most common STD among young adults - ANSWER HIV/AIDS
intimate partner violence - ANSWER domestic violence or battering between two people
in a close relationship. Intention to cause physical, psychological, or sexual harm to
intimate partner
Domestic violence occurs between 2 people of the same household and is typically
associated with what kind of couple - ANSWER Heterosexual
Culture and intimate partner violence - ANSWER Many cultures view women as the
property of men and that men had the "right" to beat his partner.
Personality traits and violence to intimate partners - ANSWER - irrational jealousy
Verified Answers
primary aging - ANSWER age-related physical changes that have a biological basis and
are universally shared and inevitable. Sometimes it is called senescence
Secondary aging - ANSWER age-related changes that are due to social and
environmental influences, poor health habits, or disease
Examples of primary aging - ANSWER Grey hair, wrinkles, vision changes
Examples of secondary aging - ANSWER Socioeconomic status, epigenetics
Percentage of factors that determine health - ANSWER 50% socioeconomics
25% healthcare system
15% biology and genetics
10% physical environment
What are socioeconomic factors? - ANSWER Gender, race, education, income,
employment, social support, etc
What is physical environment factors? - ANSWER Adequate housing, safe workplaces
and communities, clean air and water, etc
Aggregate health indicators - ANSWER Disability adjusted life years (DALY)
Health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
Quality adjusted life years (QALY)
Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) - ANSWER A population health status measure that
incorporates measures of death and disability and allows for measurement of the impact
of categories of diseases and risk factors. It assumes a potential life limit of 82.5 years
for women and 80 years for men.
Health Adjusted Life Expectancy (HALE) - ANSWER an estimate of life expectancy at
birth. It is the number of years that a newborn can expect to live in full health given
current rates of morbidity and mortality
Quality Adjusted Life Year (QALY) - ANSWER A measure of how much benefits is gained
and at what cost for any particular physical or mental intervention. It provides an
estimate of the time a person will live at different levels of health over his remaining
years of life
,limbic system - ANSWER emotional center of the brain
response inhibition - ANSWER the suppression of a behavior that is inappropriate or no
longer required. Ex: taking time with multiple choice questions to weigh all answers,
refraining from saying something too fast, etc
decline in physical functioning: vision - ANSWER mid-40s
decline in physical functioning: hearing - ANSWER 50 or 60
decline in physical functioning: muscles - ANSWER about 50
decline in physical functioning: bones - ANSWER mid-30s in women
decline in physical functioning: heart and lungs - ANSWER 35 or 40
decline in physical functioning: nervous system - ANSWER gradually through adulthood
decline in physical functioning: immune system - ANSWER adolescence
decline in physical functioning: reproductive system - ANSWER mid-30 for women
early 40s for men
decline in physical functioning: height - ANSWER age 40
maximum oxygen uptake (VO2 max) - ANSWER a measure of the body's ability to take in
and transport oxygen to various body organs. declines with age (between 35 and 40) by
1% per year
menopause - ANSWER the time of natural cessation of menstruation; also refers to the
biological changes a woman experiences as her ability to reproduce declines.
sometimes by age 30 reproductivity begins to decline
post-formal operations - ANSWER the cognitive ability to consider multiple perspectives
and bring together seemingly contradictory information
Relativism - ANSWER the idea that some propositions cannot be adequately described
as either true or false
dialectical thought - ANSWER a form of thought involving recognition and acceptance of
paradox and uncertainty
reflective judgement - ANSWER the ability to identify the underlying assumptions of
differing perspectives on controversial issues
crystallized intelligence - ANSWER depends heavily on education and experience. it
consists of the set of skills and bits of knowledge that every adult learns as a part of
growing up in any given culture
fluid intelligence - ANSWER involves more basic abilities that depend on the efficient
, functioning of the central nervous system and less on specific experience
fluid intelligence declines gradually over adulthood starting at - ANSWER age 35 or 40
self-efficacy - ANSWER An individual's belief that he or she is capable of performing a
task.
locus of control - ANSWER A belief about the amount of control a person has over
situations in their life.
internal locus of control - ANSWER the perception that you control your own fate
external locus of control - ANSWER the perception that chance or outside forces beyond
your personal control determine your fate.
What locus of control has better outcomes for health - ANSWER High internal locus of
control
Examples of self-efficacy - ANSWER - Amanda is sure she will be able to follow her
prescription directions
- Jeffrey is worried he will be unable to measure insulin dosage correctly
Examples of optimism/pessimism - ANSWER - Amanda is convinced her illness will never
go away
- Jeffrey is aware that he will feel better once his diabetes is managed better
examples of locus of control - ANSWER - Amanda has suffered from a cough and runny
nose for weeks, convinced her illness cannot be resolved no matter what she does.
(External)
-Jeffrey recognizes that he has the ability to do his own research and has access to
specialists that can help him in managing his diabetes (internal)
Most common STI - ANSWER Chlamydia and Gonnorrhea
Most common STD among young adults - ANSWER HIV/AIDS
intimate partner violence - ANSWER domestic violence or battering between two people
in a close relationship. Intention to cause physical, psychological, or sexual harm to
intimate partner
Domestic violence occurs between 2 people of the same household and is typically
associated with what kind of couple - ANSWER Heterosexual
Culture and intimate partner violence - ANSWER Many cultures view women as the
property of men and that men had the "right" to beat his partner.
Personality traits and violence to intimate partners - ANSWER - irrational jealousy
