Psychology: Themes and Variations chapter 4 Exam Questions And Answers!!!

limbic system - ANS A loosely connected network of structures located roughly along the border between the cerebral cortex and deeper subcortical areas. compensation - ANS being rewarded for an injury projective tests - ANS ask participants to respond to vague, ambiguous stimuli in ways that may reveal the subjects' needs, feelings, and personality traits sensation - ANS The stimulation of sense organs. JND - ANS The smallest difference in stimulus intensity that a specific sense can detect. signal- detection theory - ANS The detection of stimuli involves decision processes as well as sensory processes, which are both influenced by a variety of factors besides stimulus intensity. feature analysis - ANS The process of detecting specific elements in visual input and assembling them into a more complex form. basilar membrane - ANS Runs the entire length of the spiraled cochlea and holds the auditory receptors. sensory adaption - ANS A gradual decline in sensitivity to prolonged stimulation. cones - ANS Specialized visual receptors that play a key role in daylight vision and color vision. lateral antagonism - ANS When neural activity in a cell opposes activity in surrounding cells. parallel processing - ANS Simultaneously extracting different kinds of information from the same input. trichromatic theory - ANS The human eye has three types of receptors with differing sensitivities to different light wavelengths. volley principle - ANS Groups of auditory nerve fibers fire neural impulses in rapid succession, creating volleys of impulses. gate-control theory - ANS Incoming pain sensations must pass through a gate in the spinal cord that can be closed, thus blocking ascending pain signals. kinesthetic system - ANS Monitors the position of the various parts of the body. top-down processing - ANS A progression from the whole to the elements. perceptual constancy - ANS An inference about which distal stimuli could be responsible for the proximal stimuli sensed. introspection - ANS careful, systematic self-observation of one's own conscious experience theory - ANS system of inter-related ideas used to explain a set of observations ethnocentrism - ANS tendency to view ones own group as superior to others and as the standard for judging the worth foreign ways anecdotal evidence - ANS social desirability bias - ANS A tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself. action potential - ANS A brief shift in a neuron's electrical charge that travels along an axon. chromosomes - ANS Strands of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) molecules that carry genetic information. opponent process theory - ANS Color perception depends on receptors that make antagonistic responses to three pairs of colors. vestibular system - ANS Responds to gravity and keeps you informed of your body's location in space. binocular depth cues - ANS Clues about distance based on the differing views of the two eyes. door-in-the-face technique - ANS Making a large request that is likely to be turned down as a way to increase the chances that people will agree to a smaller request later. motion parallax - ANS Images of objects at different distances moving across the retina at different rates.