Nutritional Foundations and Clinical Applications 7TH Edition
m m m m m m
Chapterm1.m WellnessmNutrition
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
1. Examplesmofminformalmeducationminclude
a.attendingmamworkshopmonmcoronarymarterymdiseasemsponsoredmbymthemAmericanmHeartmAssocia
tion.
b.watchingmamtelevisionmshowmaboutmdiabetes.
c.learningmaboutmfoodmsafetymtechniquesminmamhighmschoolmeconomicsmcourse.md.join
ingmamsupportmgroupmtomhelpmovercomemanmeatingmdisorder.
ANS:mB
Watchingmamtelevisionmshowmaboutmdiabetesmismanmexamplemofminformalmeducationmbecausemitmismanmex
periencemthatmoccursmthroughmamdailymactivity.mAttendingmamworkshopmormjoiningmamsupportmgroupmwo
uldmbemconsideredmnonformalmeducation;mamhighmschoolmcoursemwouldmbemconsideredmformalmeducatio
n.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mApplyingREFagem6
TOP:mNursingmProcess:mImplementationmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
2. Amcollegemstudentmexercisesmregularlymandmgenerallymeatsmamhealthymvarietymofmfoods,mismtakin
gmamcourseminmgeneralmnutrition,mbuysmlocallymproducedmfoodmwhenevermpossible,mismanmactivemm
embermofmanmon-campusmfaith-
basedmorganization,mandmkeepsmamjournalmtomhelpmprocessmhermemotions.mWhatmelsemcouldmbemim
portantmformhermtomincludeminmhermlifeminmordermtomdevelopmhermoverallmwellness?
a. Growingmsomemofmhermownmfood
b. Keepingmamfoodmrecordmtomhelpmevaluatemwhatmshemeats
c. Eatingmmealsmwithmfriendsmthroughoutmthemweek
d. Meetingmwithmamregisteredmdietitianmtomreviewmhermfoodmchoices
,ANS:mC
Wellnessmenhancesmampersonsmlevelmofmhealthmthroughmdevelopmentmofmeachmofmthemsixmdimensio
nsmofmhealth:mphysicalmhealth,mintellectualmhealth,memotionalmhealth,msocialmhealth,mspiritualmhealth
,mandmenvironmentalmhealth.mExercisemandmeatingmamhealthmvarietymofmfoodsmhelpmdevelopmphysica
lmhealth;mtakingmamcourseminmgeneralmnutritionmhelpsmdevelopmintellectualmhealth;mbuyingmlocallymp
roducedmfoodmhelpsmdevelopmenvironmentalmhealth;mbeingmpartmofmamfaith-
basedmorganizationmhelpsmdevelopmspiritualmhealth;mandmkeepingmamjournalmhelpsmdevelopmemotio
nalmhealth.mThemmissingmdimensionminmthismexamplemismdevelopmentmofmsocialmhealth;meatingmmea
lsmwithmfriendsmthroughoutmthemweekmwouldmaddmthismdimension.mGrowingmhermownmfoodmwouldm
bemanothermexamplemofmenvironmentalmhealth;mkeepingmamfoodmrecordmwouldmbemanothermcontribu
tormtomphysicalmhealth;mandmmeetingmwithmamregisteredmdietitianmmaymcontributemtomphysical,mintell
ectual,mandmemotionalmhealth.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mAnalyzingREFagesm1-3
TOP:mNursingmProcess:mAssessmentmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
3. Formamclientmwhomismmissingmmealsmbecausemofmpoormplanningmormismtoombusymtomeat,memotio
nalmhealthmcanmbemaffectedmbymm m m ,mwhichmcanmcausemconfusionmormanxiety.
a.lowmbloodmsugarmlevels
mb.highmbloodmsugarmlevel
smc.highmbloodmpressure
d.extremelymlowmbloodmpressuremA
NS:mD
Poormeatingmhabitsmaffectmemotionalmhealth.mMissingmmealsmmaymcausembloodmsugarmlevelsmtomd
ecrease,mwhichmcanmcausemanxietymormconfusionmormmakemitmdifficultmtomcontrolmemotions.mLatem
nightmbingesmonmsnackmfoodmaremlikelymtomresultminmexcessivemenergymintakembutmwouldmhavemaml
essmdirectmeffectmonmemotionalmhealth.mEatingmsmallmmealsmthroughoutmthemdaymismlikelymtommai
ntainmmoremconstantmbloodmsugarmlevels,mwhichmwouldmactuallymhavemampositivemeffectmonmemot
ionalmhealth.mExcessivemcaffeinemconsumptionmmaymcontributemtomanxiety,mbutm2mcupsmofmcaffei
natedmcoffeemismnotmconsideredmexcessive.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mAnalyzingREFagem2
,TOP:mNursingmProcess:mAssessmentmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mPsychosocialmintegrity
4. ThembestmexamplemofmthemtypemofmconcernmthatmismlikelymtombemaddressedmbymthemU.S.mDepartm
entmofmHealthmandmHumanmServicesmwhenmtargetmgoalsmformHealthymPeoplem2030maremupdatedmis
a.preferencemformvegetarianmeatingmpatternsmamongmwhitemwomen.mb.
lowmintakemofmfruitsmandmvegetablesmbymAfricanmAmericanmchildren.m
c.widespreadmusemofmbottledmwaterminmhighermsocioeconomicmgroups.
md.commonmusemofmproteinmandmvitaminmsupplementsminmathletes.
ANS:mB
HealthymPeoplemismusedmtomsetmtargetsmformhealthmpromotionmtomimprovemthemhealthmofmallmindivid
uals.mItmaddressesmenvironmentalmandmsocialmissuesmthatmaffectmhealthmoutcomes.mLowmintakemofmfr
uitsmandmvegetablesmbymAfricanmAmericanmchildrenmismlikelymtomhavemanmadversemeffectmonmtheirmh
ealthmandmsommaymbemaddressedmwhenmtargetmgoalsmaremset.mVegetarianmeatingmpatterns,musemofmbo
ttledmwater,mandmusemofmproteinmandmvitaminmsupplementsmdomnotmnecessarilymhavemanmadversemef
fectmonmnutritionalmhealthmandmsomaremlessmlikelymtombemaddressed.
DIF:mCognitivemLevel:mApplyingmREF:mPagesm4-
6mTOP:mNursingmProcess:mPlanningmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmm
aintenance
5. Anmexamplemofmcommunitymsupportmformhealthmpromotionmis
a.teachingmam youngmmothermskillsminmsafemfoodmpreparation.
b.watchingmamtelevisionmdocumentarymaboutmindustrymerrorsminmfoodmprocessing.mc.l
abelingmfreshmpoultrympackagesmwithminformationmaboutmpropermfoodmstorage.
d.beingmawaremthatmSalmonellamcanmbemtransmittedmbecausemofminadequatemfoodmpreparation.mA
NS:mC
Foodmlabelingminformationmismanmexamplemofmcommunitymsupportmbecausemitmismamregulatorymm
easuremthatmsupportsmnewmhealth-
promotingmbehaviorsmwithinmamsocialmcontext.mTeaching,mwatchingmtelevisionmandmawarenessm
maymincreasemknowledge,mbutmtheymdomnotmaltermthemsocialmcontextmbymregulationmormenvironme
ntalmchange.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mApplyingREFagem4
, TOP:mNursingmProcess:mImplementationmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
6. Anmexamplemofmamtechniquemformhealthmpromotionm
isma.exercisingmfivemtimesmamweek.
b.localmsupermarketsmexpandingmthemavailabilitymofmfreshmfruitsmandmvegetables.mc.t
eachingmamteenagermhowmtomchoosemhealthiermfoodsmatmfast-
foodmrestaurants.md.informationmaboutmthemrelationshipmofmdietarymintakemandmdiet-
relatedmdisorders.
ANS:mC
Healthmpromotionmconsistsmofmstrategiesmthatmaremdesignedmimprovemthemhealthmofmindividuals,mfa
milies,mgroups,mandmcommunities,msuchmasmteachingmamteenagermhowmtomchoosemhealthiermfastmfoo
ds.mExercisingmregularlymcontributesmtomwellness,mbutmitmismnotmbringingmaboutmamchangeminmhealthm
unlessmthismismamchangeminmbehavior.mStockingmamwidermavailabilitymofmfreshmproducemdoesmnotmpro
motemhealth,munlessmthemsupermarketmusesmspecificmstrategiesmtomencouragemconsumption.
Informationmaboutmthemrelationshipmbetweenmnutrientsmandmdiseasemismsimplyminformationmunlessm
itmismusedmtompromotembehaviormchange.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mApplyingREFagem4
TOP:mNursingmProcess:mImplementationmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
7. Formthemefficientmfunctioningmandmmaintenancemofmthembody,mampersonmneedsmtomconsu
memsufficientmamountsmof
a.fiber.mb.nutrien
ts.mc.minerals.md.
supplements.
ANS:mB
Thembodymneedsmsufficientmamountsmofmallmnutrientsmformefficientmfunctioningmandmmaintenance.m
Bothmfibermandmmineralsmaremneeded,mbutmeachmrepresentsmonlymonemtypemofmnutrient.mSupplement
smaremnotmalwaysmnecessarymbecausemsufficientmnutrientsmcanmoftenmbemobtainedmfrommfood.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mUnderstandingREFagesm8-10
m m m m m m
Chapterm1.m WellnessmNutrition
MULTIPLEmCHOICE
1. Examplesmofminformalmeducationminclude
a.attendingmamworkshopmonmcoronarymarterymdiseasemsponsoredmbymthemAmericanmHeartmAssocia
tion.
b.watchingmamtelevisionmshowmaboutmdiabetes.
c.learningmaboutmfoodmsafetymtechniquesminmamhighmschoolmeconomicsmcourse.md.join
ingmamsupportmgroupmtomhelpmovercomemanmeatingmdisorder.
ANS:mB
Watchingmamtelevisionmshowmaboutmdiabetesmismanmexamplemofminformalmeducationmbecausemitmismanmex
periencemthatmoccursmthroughmamdailymactivity.mAttendingmamworkshopmormjoiningmamsupportmgroupmwo
uldmbemconsideredmnonformalmeducation;mamhighmschoolmcoursemwouldmbemconsideredmformalmeducatio
n.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mApplyingREFagem6
TOP:mNursingmProcess:mImplementationmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
2. Amcollegemstudentmexercisesmregularlymandmgenerallymeatsmamhealthymvarietymofmfoods,mismtakin
gmamcourseminmgeneralmnutrition,mbuysmlocallymproducedmfoodmwhenevermpossible,mismanmactivemm
embermofmanmon-campusmfaith-
basedmorganization,mandmkeepsmamjournalmtomhelpmprocessmhermemotions.mWhatmelsemcouldmbemim
portantmformhermtomincludeminmhermlifeminmordermtomdevelopmhermoverallmwellness?
a. Growingmsomemofmhermownmfood
b. Keepingmamfoodmrecordmtomhelpmevaluatemwhatmshemeats
c. Eatingmmealsmwithmfriendsmthroughoutmthemweek
d. Meetingmwithmamregisteredmdietitianmtomreviewmhermfoodmchoices
,ANS:mC
Wellnessmenhancesmampersonsmlevelmofmhealthmthroughmdevelopmentmofmeachmofmthemsixmdimensio
nsmofmhealth:mphysicalmhealth,mintellectualmhealth,memotionalmhealth,msocialmhealth,mspiritualmhealth
,mandmenvironmentalmhealth.mExercisemandmeatingmamhealthmvarietymofmfoodsmhelpmdevelopmphysica
lmhealth;mtakingmamcourseminmgeneralmnutritionmhelpsmdevelopmintellectualmhealth;mbuyingmlocallymp
roducedmfoodmhelpsmdevelopmenvironmentalmhealth;mbeingmpartmofmamfaith-
basedmorganizationmhelpsmdevelopmspiritualmhealth;mandmkeepingmamjournalmhelpsmdevelopmemotio
nalmhealth.mThemmissingmdimensionminmthismexamplemismdevelopmentmofmsocialmhealth;meatingmmea
lsmwithmfriendsmthroughoutmthemweekmwouldmaddmthismdimension.mGrowingmhermownmfoodmwouldm
bemanothermexamplemofmenvironmentalmhealth;mkeepingmamfoodmrecordmwouldmbemanothermcontribu
tormtomphysicalmhealth;mandmmeetingmwithmamregisteredmdietitianmmaymcontributemtomphysical,mintell
ectual,mandmemotionalmhealth.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mAnalyzingREFagesm1-3
TOP:mNursingmProcess:mAssessmentmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
3. Formamclientmwhomismmissingmmealsmbecausemofmpoormplanningmormismtoombusymtomeat,memotio
nalmhealthmcanmbemaffectedmbymm m m ,mwhichmcanmcausemconfusionmormanxiety.
a.lowmbloodmsugarmlevels
mb.highmbloodmsugarmlevel
smc.highmbloodmpressure
d.extremelymlowmbloodmpressuremA
NS:mD
Poormeatingmhabitsmaffectmemotionalmhealth.mMissingmmealsmmaymcausembloodmsugarmlevelsmtomd
ecrease,mwhichmcanmcausemanxietymormconfusionmormmakemitmdifficultmtomcontrolmemotions.mLatem
nightmbingesmonmsnackmfoodmaremlikelymtomresultminmexcessivemenergymintakembutmwouldmhavemaml
essmdirectmeffectmonmemotionalmhealth.mEatingmsmallmmealsmthroughoutmthemdaymismlikelymtommai
ntainmmoremconstantmbloodmsugarmlevels,mwhichmwouldmactuallymhavemampositivemeffectmonmemot
ionalmhealth.mExcessivemcaffeinemconsumptionmmaymcontributemtomanxiety,mbutm2mcupsmofmcaffei
natedmcoffeemismnotmconsideredmexcessive.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mAnalyzingREFagem2
,TOP:mNursingmProcess:mAssessmentmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mPsychosocialmintegrity
4. ThembestmexamplemofmthemtypemofmconcernmthatmismlikelymtombemaddressedmbymthemU.S.mDepartm
entmofmHealthmandmHumanmServicesmwhenmtargetmgoalsmformHealthymPeoplem2030maremupdatedmis
a.preferencemformvegetarianmeatingmpatternsmamongmwhitemwomen.mb.
lowmintakemofmfruitsmandmvegetablesmbymAfricanmAmericanmchildren.m
c.widespreadmusemofmbottledmwaterminmhighermsocioeconomicmgroups.
md.commonmusemofmproteinmandmvitaminmsupplementsminmathletes.
ANS:mB
HealthymPeoplemismusedmtomsetmtargetsmformhealthmpromotionmtomimprovemthemhealthmofmallmindivid
uals.mItmaddressesmenvironmentalmandmsocialmissuesmthatmaffectmhealthmoutcomes.mLowmintakemofmfr
uitsmandmvegetablesmbymAfricanmAmericanmchildrenmismlikelymtomhavemanmadversemeffectmonmtheirmh
ealthmandmsommaymbemaddressedmwhenmtargetmgoalsmaremset.mVegetarianmeatingmpatterns,musemofmbo
ttledmwater,mandmusemofmproteinmandmvitaminmsupplementsmdomnotmnecessarilymhavemanmadversemef
fectmonmnutritionalmhealthmandmsomaremlessmlikelymtombemaddressed.
DIF:mCognitivemLevel:mApplyingmREF:mPagesm4-
6mTOP:mNursingmProcess:mPlanningmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmm
aintenance
5. Anmexamplemofmcommunitymsupportmformhealthmpromotionmis
a.teachingmam youngmmothermskillsminmsafemfoodmpreparation.
b.watchingmamtelevisionmdocumentarymaboutmindustrymerrorsminmfoodmprocessing.mc.l
abelingmfreshmpoultrympackagesmwithminformationmaboutmpropermfoodmstorage.
d.beingmawaremthatmSalmonellamcanmbemtransmittedmbecausemofminadequatemfoodmpreparation.mA
NS:mC
Foodmlabelingminformationmismanmexamplemofmcommunitymsupportmbecausemitmismamregulatorymm
easuremthatmsupportsmnewmhealth-
promotingmbehaviorsmwithinmamsocialmcontext.mTeaching,mwatchingmtelevisionmandmawarenessm
maymincreasemknowledge,mbutmtheymdomnotmaltermthemsocialmcontextmbymregulationmormenvironme
ntalmchange.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mApplyingREFagem4
, TOP:mNursingmProcess:mImplementationmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
6. Anmexamplemofmamtechniquemformhealthmpromotionm
isma.exercisingmfivemtimesmamweek.
b.localmsupermarketsmexpandingmthemavailabilitymofmfreshmfruitsmandmvegetables.mc.t
eachingmamteenagermhowmtomchoosemhealthiermfoodsmatmfast-
foodmrestaurants.md.informationmaboutmthemrelationshipmofmdietarymintakemandmdiet-
relatedmdisorders.
ANS:mC
Healthmpromotionmconsistsmofmstrategiesmthatmaremdesignedmimprovemthemhealthmofmindividuals,mfa
milies,mgroups,mandmcommunities,msuchmasmteachingmamteenagermhowmtomchoosemhealthiermfastmfoo
ds.mExercisingmregularlymcontributesmtomwellness,mbutmitmismnotmbringingmaboutmamchangeminmhealthm
unlessmthismismamchangeminmbehavior.mStockingmamwidermavailabilitymofmfreshmproducemdoesmnotmpro
motemhealth,munlessmthemsupermarketmusesmspecificmstrategiesmtomencouragemconsumption.
Informationmaboutmthemrelationshipmbetweenmnutrientsmandmdiseasemismsimplyminformationmunlessm
itmismusedmtompromotembehaviormchange.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mApplyingREFagem4
TOP:mNursingmProcess:mImplementationmMSC:mClientmNeeds:mHealthmpromotionmandmmaintenance
7. Formthemefficientmfunctioningmandmmaintenancemofmthembody,mampersonmneedsmtomconsu
memsufficientmamountsmof
a.fiber.mb.nutrien
ts.mc.minerals.md.
supplements.
ANS:mB
Thembodymneedsmsufficientmamountsmofmallmnutrientsmformefficientmfunctioningmandmmaintenance.m
Bothmfibermandmmineralsmaremneeded,mbutmeachmrepresentsmonlymonemtypemofmnutrient.mSupplement
smaremnotmalwaysmnecessarymbecausemsufficientmnutrientsmcanmoftenmbemobtainedmfrommfood.
DIF:CognitivemLevel:mUnderstandingREFagesm8-10
