Test Bank For Current Psychotherapies 11th Edition By Danny Wedding ISBN NO 9781305865754 Complete

PSY ABNORMAL/Current Psychotherapies Key Points and Test B
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Table of Contents k k




Chapter Page

1 Introduction to 21st Century Psychotherapiesk k k k 1
2 Psychoanalytic Psychotherapies k 10
3 Adlerian Psychotherapy k 35
4 Client-Centered Therapy k 54
5 Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
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6 Behavior Therapy k 88
7 Cognitive Therapy k 107
8 Existential Psychotherapy k 127
9 Gestalt Therapyk 142
10 Interpersonal Psychotherapy k 160
11 Family Therapy k 181
12 Contemplative Psychotherapies k 201
13 Positive Psychotherapy
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14 Integrative Psychotherapies k 238
15 Multicultural Theories of Psychotherapy k k k 257
16 Contemporary Challenges and Controversies k k k 278


Chapter 1
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Introduction to 21st- k k


Century PsychotherapiesAuthors: Frank Du
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mont

Key Points and Terms
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Evolution of the Science and Profession of Psychology
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Early attempts to address mental disorders include:
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► Pre-Christian, temple- k




PSY ABNORMAL/Current Psychotherapies Key Points and Test B
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, like asklepeia and other retreat centers, which used re
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ligio-
philosophical lectures, to assuage if not remedy psyc
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hological disorders. k


► Hellenist physicians understood that the brain was not o
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nly the seat of knowledge andlearning but also the sourc
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e of depression, delirium, and madness.
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► Hippocrates insisted that his students address illnesses by natural means.
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Psychotherapy in its present guise did not clearly emerge until t
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he 18th century. Below are somekey players:
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► Scientific study of the unconscious attributed to renowne
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d polymath Gottfried WilhelmLeibniz:
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▪ Investigated subliminal perceptions k k


▪ Coined the term “dynamic” k k k


► Johann Friedrich Herbart: k k


▪ Attempted to apply mathematics to dynamics k k k k k


▪ Suggested ideas struggle with one another to access consciousness k k k k k k k k


► Franz Anton Mesmer and his disciple the Marquis de Puy
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segur are influential in currentunderstanding of:
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▪ hypnotherapy
▪ rapport between therapist and patient k k k k


▪ influence of the unconscious k k k


▪ importance of the qualities of the therapist k k k k k k


▪ spontaneous remission of disorders k k k


▪ hypnotic somnambulism k


▪ selective function of unconscious memory k k k k


▪ role of patient confidence k k k


▪ common factors across effective treatments k k k k


► Arthur Schopenhauer k


▪ Work strongly influenced Freud k k k


► Gustav T. Fechner k k


▪ Made distinction between waking and sleeping states k k k k k k


▪ Attempted to measure the intensity of psychic stimulation k k k k k k k


► Herman von Helmholtz k k


▪ Discovered the phenomenon of unconscious inference k k k k k


► Emil Kraepelin k


▪ Attention to classifying diseases k k k


► Carl Gustav Carus k k




Introduction to 21st-Century Psychotherapies k k k 1

, Developed one of the most sophisticated sche
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mas the unconscious that exist, describing seve k k k k k k


ral levels to the unconscious k k k k


▪ Felt individuals were communicating at conscio k k k k k


us and unconscious levels with each other in para
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vocal, nonverbal, organic, and affective modes i k k k k k k


n ways individuals were largely unaware of
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► Carus Schopenhauer k


▪ Principal argument was that we are driven by b k k k k k k k k


lind, irrational forces ofwhich we are largely u k k k k k k k k


naware
► Friedrich Nietzsche k


▪ Viewed that humans lie to themselves more than they do to each other k k k k k k k k k k k k


► Moritz Benedikt k


▪ Developed concept of seeking out and clinica k k k k k k


lly purging “pathogenic secrets” k k k




The Impact of Biological Science on Psychotherapy
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Every encounter with our environment causes a change within u
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s and in our neural functioning.One cannot unlearn knowledge u
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nless neuronal decay and lesions undo memory.
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Klaus Grawe has noted that “psychotherapy appears to achieve i
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ts effect through changes in geneexpression at the neuronal leve
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l.” And research shows that therapy may be effective through tri
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ggering the expression of immediate-
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early genes (IEGs) through exposure to nurturant social events.
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Much of the plasticity in our neuro-emotional systems is achieved through epigenetic changes.
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In the current age of psychopharmacology, medicating patients
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kfor psychological purposes should require clear, preset clinical
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PSY ABNORMAL/Current Psychotherapies Key Points and Test B
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, objectives.

Future developments in molecular genetic analysis, cognitive n
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europsychology, and social cognitive neuroscience will continue
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to inform psychotherapy.
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Clashing Standpoints
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• Gillath, Adams, and Kunkel (2012) provide a model for u
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niting disparate approaches tostudy of human nature.
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• Resolution can be achieved through systemic integratio
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n of many variables that are atplay at any moment.
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• For example, Pope and Wedding (2012) discuss the da
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nger inherent in neglecting tomonitor patients who are t
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aking psychotropic medication.
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Evolutionary Biology and Behavioral Genetics
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• Anthropologists have discovered at least 400 universal behavioral traits.
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• Steven Pinker (2002) has further documented the principle
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that all humans share a uniquehuman nature.
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