PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Co
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
k k k
MULTIPLEkCHOICE
1. Whichkstatementkbestkdescribeskthekcellularkfunctionkofkmetabolickabsorption?
a. Cellskcankproducekproteins. c. Cellskcanktakekinkandkuseknutrients.
b. Cellskcanksecretekdigestivekenzymes. d. Cellskcanksynthesizekfats.
ANS:k C
Inkmetabolickabsorption,kallkcellsktakekinkandkuseknutrientskandkotherksubstanceskfromktheirks
urroundings.kThekremainingkoptionskareknotkinclusivekinktheirkdescriptionskofkcellularkmeta
bolickabsorption.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek2
2. Mostkofkakcell’skgenetickinformation,kincludingkRNAkandkDNA,kiskcontainedkinkthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome
ANS:k C
Theknucleuskcontainsktheknucleolus,kaksmallkdensekstructurekcomposedklargelykofkRNA,kmostkofk
thekcellularkDNA,kandkthekDNA-
bindingkproteins,ksuchkaskthekhistones,kwhichkregulatekitskactivity.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcont
ainkmostkofkakcell’skgenetickinformation.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek2
3. Whichkcomponentkofkthekcellkproduceskhydrogenkperoxidek(H2O2)kbykusingkoxygenktok removekh
ydrogenkatomskfromkspecificksubstrateskinkankoxidativekreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:k B
Peroxisomeskareksoknamedkbecausektheykusuallykcontainkenzymeskthatkusekoxygenktokremovekhy
drogenkatomskfromkspecificksubstrateskinkankoxidativekreactionkthatkproduceskH 2 O2 ,kwhichkiskakp
owerfulkoxidantkandkpotentiallykdestructivekifkitkaccumulateskorkescapeskfromkperoxisomes.kRib
osomeskarekRNA-
proteinkcomplexesk(nucleoproteins)kthatkareksynthesizedkinktheknucleoluskandksecretedkintokthekc
ytoplasmkthroughkporeskinktheknuclearkenvelopekcalledknuclearkporekcomplexes.kLysosomeskarek
saclikekstructureskthatkoriginatekfromkthekGolgikcomplexkandkcontainkmorekthank40kdigestivekenz
ymeskcalledkhydrolases,kwhichkcatalyzekbondskinkproteins,klipids,knucleickacids,kandkcarbohydrat
es.kOxyhydrosomeskarekinvolvedkinkenzymekproduction.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek8
4. Whichkcellkcomponentkiskcapablekofkcellularkautodigestionkwhenkitkiskreleasedkduringkcellki
njury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothkendoplasmickreticulum
b. Golgikcomplex d. Lysosomes
ANS:k D
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Co
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
Theklysosomalkmembranekactskaskakprotectivekshieldkbetweenkthekpowerfulkdigestivekenzymeskw
ithinktheklysosomekandkthekcytoplasm,kpreventingktheirkleakagekintokthekcytoplasmickmatrix.kDis
ruptionkofkthekmembranekbykvariousktreatmentskorkcellularkinjurykleadsktokakreleasekofktheklysos
omalkenzymes,kwhichkcankthenkreactkwithktheirkspecificksubstrates,kcausingkcellular
self-digestion.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlykdescribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:kkPagesk7-8
5. Whatkisktheksequencekofkstepskinkthekdevelopmentkofkakdigestivekenzymekbykthekpancreaskcellskfr
omkthekinitialktranscriptionktokthekreleasekfromkthekcell?
a. ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkDNAkbykRNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthekri
bosomekforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkaksecretorykvesiclektokthekcell
membrane.
b. ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkRNAkbykDNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktoktheklysos
omekforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkankencapsulatedkmembranektokthekcell
membrane.
c. Thekenzymekisktranscribedkbykthekmitochondriakinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthe
ribosomekforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkakcytoskeletonktokthekcellkmembrane.
d. ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkDNAkbykRNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthe
Golgikcomplexkforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkakcytosolktokthekcellkmembrane.
ANS:k A
ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkDNAkbykRNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthekribosomekforksyn
thesis,kandkisktransportedkinkaksecretorykvesiclektokthekcellkmembrane.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkc
orrectlykdescribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek7k|kFigurek1-5
6. DuringkwhichkphasekofkthekcellkcyclekiskDNAksynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M
ANS:k B
Thekfourkdesignatedkphaseskofkthekcellkcyclekare:k(1)kthekG1kphasek(Gk=kgap),kwhichkiskthekperiod
kbetweenkthekMkphasek(Mk=kmitosis)kandkthekstartkofkDNAksynthesis;k(2)kthekSkphasek(S
=ksynthesis),kduringkwhichkDNAkisksynthesizedkinkthekcellknucleus;k(3)kthekG2kphase,kduringkwhi
chkRNAkandkproteinksynthesiskoccurs,kthekperiodkbetweenkthekcompletionkofkDNAksynthesiskan
dktheknextkphasek(M);kandk(4)kthekMkphase,kwhichkincludesknuclearkandkcytoplasmickdivision.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek37
7. Whatkorganickcompoundkfacilitatesktransportationkacrosskcellkmembraneskbykactingkaskr
eceptors,ktransportkchannelskforkelectrolytes,kandkenzymesktokdrivekactivekpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d. Carbohydrates
ANS:k C
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Co
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
Proteinskactkask(1)krecognitionkandkbindingkunitsk(receptors)kforksubstanceskmovingkinkandkoutkof
kthekcell;k(2)kporeskorktransportkchannelskforkvariouskelectricallykchargedkparticleskcalledkionskorke
lectrolyteskandkspecifickcarrierskforkaminokacidskandkmonosaccharides;kandk(3)kspecifickenzymes
kthatkdrivekactivekpumpskthatkpromotekthekconcentrationkofkcertainkions,kparticularlykpotassiumk(
K+),kwithinkthekcellkwhilekkeepingkconcentrationskofkotherkions,kforkexample,ksodiumk(Na+),kbelo
wkthekconcentrationskfoundkinkthekextracellularkenvironment.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlyk
describekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek13k|kPagek15
8. Understandingkthekvariouskstepskofkproteolytickcascades,ksuchkaskcaspase-
mediatedkapoptosiskandkcomplementkcascades,kmaykbekusefulkinkdesigningkdrugktherapykforkw
hichkhumankdiseases?
a. Cardiackandkvascularkdisorders
b. Autoimmunekandkmalignantkdisorders
c. Gastrointestinalkandkrenalkdisorders
d. Endocrinekandkgastrointestinalkdisorders
ANS:k B
Understandingkthekvariouskstepskinvolvedkinkthiskprocesskiskcrucialkforkdesigningkdrugkinterve
ntions.kDysregulationkofkproteaseskfeatureskprominentlykinkmanykhumankdiseases,kincludingk
cancer,kautoimmunity,kandkneurodegenerativekdisorders.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlykd
escribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek15
9. Whichkstructurekpreventskwater-
solublekmoleculeskfromkenteringkcellskacrosskthekplasmakmembrane?
a. Carbohydratekchains c. Membranekchannelkproteins
b. Glycoproteinkchannels d. Lipidkbilayer
ANS:k D
Thekbilayer’skstructurekaccountskforkonekofkthekessentialkfunctionskofkthekplasmakmembrane.k Itkis
kimpermeablektokmostkwater-
solublekmoleculesk(moleculeskthatkdissolvekinkwater)kbecausekthekwater-
solublekmoleculeskarekinsolublekinkthekoilykcorekregion.kThekbilayerkserveskaskakbarrierktokthekdif
fusionkofkwaterkandkhydrophilicksubstanceskwhilekallowingklipid-
solublekmolecules,ksuchkaskoxygenk(O2)kandkcarbonkdioxidek(CO2),ktokdiffusekthroughkitkreadily
.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlykdescribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagesk12-13
10. Thekfluidkmosaickmodelkexplains:
a. Howkakcellkmembranekfunctions
b. Whykourkbodieskappearktokbeksolid
c. Howktissuekiskdifferentiated
d. Howkfluidkmoveskbetweenkthekintracellularkandkextracellularkcompartments
ANS:k A
Thekfluidkmosaickmodelkaccountskforkthekflexibilitykofkcellularkmembranes,ktheirkself-
sealingkproperties,kandktheirkimpermeabilityktokmanyksubstances.kThekremainingkoptionskdokn
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Co
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
otkexplainkthekmosaickmodel.
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
Chapter 1: Cellular Biology
k k k
MULTIPLEkCHOICE
1. Whichkstatementkbestkdescribeskthekcellularkfunctionkofkmetabolickabsorption?
a. Cellskcankproducekproteins. c. Cellskcanktakekinkandkuseknutrients.
b. Cellskcanksecretekdigestivekenzymes. d. Cellskcanksynthesizekfats.
ANS:k C
Inkmetabolickabsorption,kallkcellsktakekinkandkuseknutrientskandkotherksubstanceskfromktheirks
urroundings.kThekremainingkoptionskareknotkinclusivekinktheirkdescriptionskofkcellularkmeta
bolickabsorption.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek2
2. Mostkofkakcell’skgenetickinformation,kincludingkRNAkandkDNA,kiskcontainedkinkthe:
a. Mitochondria c. Nucleolus
b. Ribosome d. Lysosome
ANS:k C
Theknucleuskcontainsktheknucleolus,kaksmallkdensekstructurekcomposedklargelykofkRNA,kmostkofk
thekcellularkDNA,kandkthekDNA-
bindingkproteins,ksuchkaskthekhistones,kwhichkregulatekitskactivity.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcont
ainkmostkofkakcell’skgenetickinformation.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek2
3. Whichkcomponentkofkthekcellkproduceskhydrogenkperoxidek(H2O2)kbykusingkoxygenktok removekh
ydrogenkatomskfromkspecificksubstrateskinkankoxidativekreaction?
a. Lysosomes c. Ribosomes
b. Peroxisomes d. Oxyhydrosomes
ANS:k B
Peroxisomeskareksoknamedkbecausektheykusuallykcontainkenzymeskthatkusekoxygenktokremovekhy
drogenkatomskfromkspecificksubstrateskinkankoxidativekreactionkthatkproduceskH 2 O2 ,kwhichkiskakp
owerfulkoxidantkandkpotentiallykdestructivekifkitkaccumulateskorkescapeskfromkperoxisomes.kRib
osomeskarekRNA-
proteinkcomplexesk(nucleoproteins)kthatkareksynthesizedkinktheknucleoluskandksecretedkintokthekc
ytoplasmkthroughkporeskinktheknuclearkenvelopekcalledknuclearkporekcomplexes.kLysosomeskarek
saclikekstructureskthatkoriginatekfromkthekGolgikcomplexkandkcontainkmorekthank40kdigestivekenz
ymeskcalledkhydrolases,kwhichkcatalyzekbondskinkproteins,klipids,knucleickacids,kandkcarbohydrat
es.kOxyhydrosomeskarekinvolvedkinkenzymekproduction.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek8
4. Whichkcellkcomponentkiskcapablekofkcellularkautodigestionkwhenkitkiskreleasedkduringkcellki
njury?
a. Ribosome c. Smoothkendoplasmickreticulum
b. Golgikcomplex d. Lysosomes
ANS:k D
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Co
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
Theklysosomalkmembranekactskaskakprotectivekshieldkbetweenkthekpowerfulkdigestivekenzymeskw
ithinktheklysosomekandkthekcytoplasm,kpreventingktheirkleakagekintokthekcytoplasmickmatrix.kDis
ruptionkofkthekmembranekbykvariousktreatmentskorkcellularkinjurykleadsktokakreleasekofktheklysos
omalkenzymes,kwhichkcankthenkreactkwithktheirkspecificksubstrates,kcausingkcellular
self-digestion.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlykdescribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:kkPagesk7-8
5. Whatkisktheksequencekofkstepskinkthekdevelopmentkofkakdigestivekenzymekbykthekpancreaskcellskfr
omkthekinitialktranscriptionktokthekreleasekfromkthekcell?
a. ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkDNAkbykRNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthekri
bosomekforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkaksecretorykvesiclektokthekcell
membrane.
b. ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkRNAkbykDNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktoktheklysos
omekforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkankencapsulatedkmembranektokthekcell
membrane.
c. Thekenzymekisktranscribedkbykthekmitochondriakinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthe
ribosomekforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkakcytoskeletonktokthekcellkmembrane.
d. ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkDNAkbykRNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthe
Golgikcomplexkforksynthesis,kandkisktransportedkinkakcytosolktokthekcellkmembrane.
ANS:k A
ThekenzymekisktranscribedkfromkDNAkbykRNAkinktheknucleus,kproceedsktokthekribosomekforksyn
thesis,kandkisktransportedkinkaksecretorykvesiclektokthekcellkmembrane.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkc
orrectlykdescribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek7k|kFigurek1-5
6. DuringkwhichkphasekofkthekcellkcyclekiskDNAksynthesized?
a. G1 c. G2
b. S d. M
ANS:k B
Thekfourkdesignatedkphaseskofkthekcellkcyclekare:k(1)kthekG1kphasek(Gk=kgap),kwhichkiskthekperiod
kbetweenkthekMkphasek(Mk=kmitosis)kandkthekstartkofkDNAksynthesis;k(2)kthekSkphasek(S
=ksynthesis),kduringkwhichkDNAkisksynthesizedkinkthekcellknucleus;k(3)kthekG2kphase,kduringkwhi
chkRNAkandkproteinksynthesiskoccurs,kthekperiodkbetweenkthekcompletionkofkDNAksynthesiskan
dktheknextkphasek(M);kandk(4)kthekMkphase,kwhichkincludesknuclearkandkcytoplasmickdivision.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek37
7. Whatkorganickcompoundkfacilitatesktransportationkacrosskcellkmembraneskbykactingkaskr
eceptors,ktransportkchannelskforkelectrolytes,kandkenzymesktokdrivekactivekpumps?
a. Lipids c. Proteins
b. Proteases d. Carbohydrates
ANS:k C
,PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Co
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
Proteinskactkask(1)krecognitionkandkbindingkunitsk(receptors)kforksubstanceskmovingkinkandkoutkof
kthekcell;k(2)kporeskorktransportkchannelskforkvariouskelectricallykchargedkparticleskcalledkionskorke
lectrolyteskandkspecifickcarrierskforkaminokacidskandkmonosaccharides;kandk(3)kspecifickenzymes
kthatkdrivekactivekpumpskthatkpromotekthekconcentrationkofkcertainkions,kparticularlykpotassiumk(
K+),kwithinkthekcellkwhilekkeepingkconcentrationskofkotherkions,kforkexample,ksodiumk(Na+),kbelo
wkthekconcentrationskfoundkinkthekextracellularkenvironment.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlyk
describekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek13k|kPagek15
8. Understandingkthekvariouskstepskofkproteolytickcascades,ksuchkaskcaspase-
mediatedkapoptosiskandkcomplementkcascades,kmaykbekusefulkinkdesigningkdrugktherapykforkw
hichkhumankdiseases?
a. Cardiackandkvascularkdisorders
b. Autoimmunekandkmalignantkdisorders
c. Gastrointestinalkandkrenalkdisorders
d. Endocrinekandkgastrointestinalkdisorders
ANS:k B
Understandingkthekvariouskstepskinvolvedkinkthiskprocesskiskcrucialkforkdesigningkdrugkinterve
ntions.kDysregulationkofkproteaseskfeatureskprominentlykinkmanykhumankdiseases,kincludingk
cancer,kautoimmunity,kandkneurodegenerativekdisorders.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlykd
escribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagek15
9. Whichkstructurekpreventskwater-
solublekmoleculeskfromkenteringkcellskacrosskthekplasmakmembrane?
a. Carbohydratekchains c. Membranekchannelkproteins
b. Glycoproteinkchannels d. Lipidkbilayer
ANS:k D
Thekbilayer’skstructurekaccountskforkonekofkthekessentialkfunctionskofkthekplasmakmembrane.k Itkis
kimpermeablektokmostkwater-
solublekmoleculesk(moleculeskthatkdissolvekinkwater)kbecausekthekwater-
solublekmoleculeskarekinsolublekinkthekoilykcorekregion.kThekbilayerkserveskaskakbarrierktokthekdif
fusionkofkwaterkandkhydrophilicksubstanceskwhilekallowingklipid-
solublekmolecules,ksuchkaskoxygenk(O2)kandkcarbonkdioxidek(CO2),ktokdiffusekthroughkitkreadily
.kThekotherkoptionskdoknotkcorrectlykdescribekthiskprocess.
PTS:kkk 1 REF:k Pagesk12-13
10. Thekfluidkmosaickmodelkexplains:
a. Howkakcellkmembranekfunctions
b. Whykourkbodieskappearktokbeksolid
c. Howktissuekiskdifferentiated
d. Howkfluidkmoveskbetweenkthekintracellularkandkextracellularkcompartments
ANS:k A
Thekfluidkmosaickmodelkaccountskforkthekflexibilitykofkcellularkmembranes,ktheirkself-
sealingkproperties,kandktheirkimpermeabilityktokmanyksubstances.kThekremainingkoptionskdokn
, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 8TH EDITION MCCANCE TEST BANK, Co
k k k k k k
mplete Questions & Answers (2020)
k k k k
otkexplainkthekmosaickmodel.
