EVOLUTION FINAL EXAM TEST BANK
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Factors such as behavioral, temporal, or ecological isolation mechanisms that
prevent two closely related sympatric populations from interbreeding can be grouped
together and classified as ________.
A) prezygotic isolating mechanisms
B) postzygotic isolating mechanisms
C) polyploidy hybrid speciation
D) adaptive radiation - Answer-A) prezygotic isolating mechanisms
Hybridization between populations upon secondary contact may result in ________.
A) reinforcement of the two original species by way of pre- or post-zygotic isolating
mechanisms
B) the creation of one or more new species as hybrids between the two parental
species
C) the creation of a hybrid lineage that has higher fitness than either of the parental
species
D) All of the above are possible.
E) None of the above are possible. - Answer-D) All of the above are possible.
The accompanying figure most closely represents speciation by ________.
A) natural selection
B) reinforcement
C) hybridization
D) polyploidy - Answer-C) hybridization
From an ecological perspective, the dispersal of fruit flies (Drosophila) on the
Hawaiian islands, which has resulted in speciation, is BEST termed ________.
A) vicariance
B) reinforcement
C) hybridization
D) adaptive radiation - Answer-D) adaptive radiation
Proteins carry out much of the biochemistry of life, including DNA replication, but
DNA stores the information needed to build correct proteins. Early life forms would
have needed both proteins and DNA, but neither can exist without the other. The
RNA world hypothesis is an appealing solution to this problem, because it states that
________.
A) RNA can evolve into DNA by natural selection
B) proteins can store the information needed for their own synthesis
C) RNA is more chemically stable than DNA
D) nucleotides of RNA are chemically similar to amino acids
, E) some RNA molecules both store information and catalyze chemical reactions -
Answer-E) some RNA molecules both store information and catalyze chemical
reactions
Could a varying, self-replicating population of RNA molecules be considered alive?
A) No, because such a population would not be contained inside a cell.
B) Yes, because such a population would show variation, inheritance, and selection.
C) No, because RNA molecules are not subject to selection.
D) Yes, because RNAs code for proteins that can then replicate the RNAs.
E) No, because ribonucleotides are not suited for energy transfer functions. -
Answer-B) Yes, because such a population would show variation, inheritance, and
selection.
The Murchison meteorite was a significant discovery for the study of the origin of life,
because it ________.
A) contained self-replicating organisms
B) contained carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
C) contained significant amounts of amino acids
D) contained short lengths of RNA
E) descended through the atmosphere slowly enough that friction was negligible -
Answer-C) contained significant amounts of amino acids
A famous experiment that generated organic molecules from a mixture of gases
thought to resemble the early Earth's atmosphere was carried out in 1953 by
________.
A) Stanley Miller
B) Charles Darwin
C) Thomas Cech
D) J. S. Haldane
E) Aniela Wochner - Answer-A) Stanley Miller
A problem with the basic Oparin-Haldane model for the origin of life (though not
necessarily an unsolvable one) is that ________.
A) it does not explain the origin of chirality
B) the early Earth is now not thought to have had a highly reducing atmosphere
C) monomers have to be chemically activated before they will polymerize
D) purine bases can attach to sugars in many equally probable ways
E) All of the above. - Answer-E) All of the above.
Minick Rosing's analysis of microscopic globules of carbon found in rocks 3.7 billion
years old showed that they were somewhat higher in 12C as opposed to 13C. This is
significant because ________.
A) 13C radiometrically decays into 12C, which lets us calculate the age of these
rocks
B) life could not have arisen in an environment with excessive 13C
C) these carbon globules contain visible remains of cell walls and nuclei
D) living things that fix carbon preferentially incorporate 12C over 13C
E) meteorites must have brought 13C to the early Earth - Answer-D) living things that
fix carbon preferentially incorporate 12C over 13C
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
Factors such as behavioral, temporal, or ecological isolation mechanisms that
prevent two closely related sympatric populations from interbreeding can be grouped
together and classified as ________.
A) prezygotic isolating mechanisms
B) postzygotic isolating mechanisms
C) polyploidy hybrid speciation
D) adaptive radiation - Answer-A) prezygotic isolating mechanisms
Hybridization between populations upon secondary contact may result in ________.
A) reinforcement of the two original species by way of pre- or post-zygotic isolating
mechanisms
B) the creation of one or more new species as hybrids between the two parental
species
C) the creation of a hybrid lineage that has higher fitness than either of the parental
species
D) All of the above are possible.
E) None of the above are possible. - Answer-D) All of the above are possible.
The accompanying figure most closely represents speciation by ________.
A) natural selection
B) reinforcement
C) hybridization
D) polyploidy - Answer-C) hybridization
From an ecological perspective, the dispersal of fruit flies (Drosophila) on the
Hawaiian islands, which has resulted in speciation, is BEST termed ________.
A) vicariance
B) reinforcement
C) hybridization
D) adaptive radiation - Answer-D) adaptive radiation
Proteins carry out much of the biochemistry of life, including DNA replication, but
DNA stores the information needed to build correct proteins. Early life forms would
have needed both proteins and DNA, but neither can exist without the other. The
RNA world hypothesis is an appealing solution to this problem, because it states that
________.
A) RNA can evolve into DNA by natural selection
B) proteins can store the information needed for their own synthesis
C) RNA is more chemically stable than DNA
D) nucleotides of RNA are chemically similar to amino acids
, E) some RNA molecules both store information and catalyze chemical reactions -
Answer-E) some RNA molecules both store information and catalyze chemical
reactions
Could a varying, self-replicating population of RNA molecules be considered alive?
A) No, because such a population would not be contained inside a cell.
B) Yes, because such a population would show variation, inheritance, and selection.
C) No, because RNA molecules are not subject to selection.
D) Yes, because RNAs code for proteins that can then replicate the RNAs.
E) No, because ribonucleotides are not suited for energy transfer functions. -
Answer-B) Yes, because such a population would show variation, inheritance, and
selection.
The Murchison meteorite was a significant discovery for the study of the origin of life,
because it ________.
A) contained self-replicating organisms
B) contained carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen
C) contained significant amounts of amino acids
D) contained short lengths of RNA
E) descended through the atmosphere slowly enough that friction was negligible -
Answer-C) contained significant amounts of amino acids
A famous experiment that generated organic molecules from a mixture of gases
thought to resemble the early Earth's atmosphere was carried out in 1953 by
________.
A) Stanley Miller
B) Charles Darwin
C) Thomas Cech
D) J. S. Haldane
E) Aniela Wochner - Answer-A) Stanley Miller
A problem with the basic Oparin-Haldane model for the origin of life (though not
necessarily an unsolvable one) is that ________.
A) it does not explain the origin of chirality
B) the early Earth is now not thought to have had a highly reducing atmosphere
C) monomers have to be chemically activated before they will polymerize
D) purine bases can attach to sugars in many equally probable ways
E) All of the above. - Answer-E) All of the above.
Minick Rosing's analysis of microscopic globules of carbon found in rocks 3.7 billion
years old showed that they were somewhat higher in 12C as opposed to 13C. This is
significant because ________.
A) 13C radiometrically decays into 12C, which lets us calculate the age of these
rocks
B) life could not have arisen in an environment with excessive 13C
C) these carbon globules contain visible remains of cell walls and nuclei
D) living things that fix carbon preferentially incorporate 12C over 13C
E) meteorites must have brought 13C to the early Earth - Answer-D) living things that
fix carbon preferentially incorporate 12C over 13C
