NURS 660 Final Review
Screening labs vs. diagnostic - answer screening = asymptomatic
diagnostic = Symptoms --> seeking diagnosis
Primary Prevention - answer aimed at preventing illness and disease (usually in the
history interview portion)
strategies include:
- healthy diet and exercise
- ideal body weight
- safe sexual practices
- seatbelt use etc.
Secondary Prevention - answer Identifying disease at the earliest stage
- biometrics
- thorough musculoskeletal and cardiovascular exam
- Screening tests (eg. duck walk for osgood schlatter, adam forward bend for scoliosis)
**Aspirin is only recommended as secondary prevention**
tertiary prevention - answeractions taken to contain damage once a disease or disability
has progressed beyond its early stages
- referral to PT for positive duck walk found to have osgood schlatter
When to screen for colonoscopy - answerages 45-75
every 10 years
When to do a PAP - answer21 -29 every 3 years
30-65 every 5 years with HPV co-testing
When to do a mammogram - answerbiannually age 50-74
(age 40 if first degree relative)
When to screen for lung cancer - answerage 50-80 with 20 pack year smoking history
(or quit within the last 15 years)
When to screen for AAA ultrasound - answermen 65-75 who have ever smoked (1 time
screening)
when to do a dexa scan - answer65+ or sooner if increased risk using a risk calculator
( low BMI, ETOH, cigarettes, steroids, hx of fractures in the last year)
- once every two years
, When to start statins: - answerage 40-75 with at least one CVD risk factor and >10%
ASCVD risk factor
when do patients qualify for bariatric surgery - answerBMI>40 (non-diabetics)
BMI >35 (diabetics)
What are drusen spots - answersmall, round, yellow-white spots on the outer retina,
scattered and diffuse
- Protein and fat deposits in eye (fundoscopic exam) yellow spots
Papilledema - answerswelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of
entrance into the eye through the optic disk (due to increased ICP --- most commonly
from HTN***
- cloudy moon
**Not a sharp disk
macular degeneration - answercentral vision loss
most common type of oral cancer - answersquamous cell carcinoma (tongue)
most common type of skin cancer - answerbasal cell carcinoma
Asthma Treatment - answerSABA are no longer 1st tier
ICS/formoterol are first line (if using both use albuterol first then ICS) ICS = Budesonide
- Rinse mouth after ICS
- Severe asthma exacerbations = ORAL Steroids
NEW treatment regiment - answerICS/SABA combination use as a rescue inhaler only
Step 1/2 - ICS/formoterol as needed
Step 3 - ICS/formoterol: Routine maintenance
Step 4 - ICS/Formoterol: Medium dose maintenance
Step 5 - ICS/formoterol and ADD on LAMA
Is the Asthma controlled?? - answer1. daytime asthma symptoms more than 2x/wk?
2. Night time wakings with asthma.
3. SABA use for symptoms more than 2x/wk
4. Any activity limitation due to asthma
well controlled = None of these
partly controlled = 1-2 of these
uncontrolled = 3-4 of these
homeless people - answerscreen for HEP, TB, HIV
*TB will show cavitation on an x-ray
chest x-ray reporting consolidation = - answerpneumonia
Screening labs vs. diagnostic - answer screening = asymptomatic
diagnostic = Symptoms --> seeking diagnosis
Primary Prevention - answer aimed at preventing illness and disease (usually in the
history interview portion)
strategies include:
- healthy diet and exercise
- ideal body weight
- safe sexual practices
- seatbelt use etc.
Secondary Prevention - answer Identifying disease at the earliest stage
- biometrics
- thorough musculoskeletal and cardiovascular exam
- Screening tests (eg. duck walk for osgood schlatter, adam forward bend for scoliosis)
**Aspirin is only recommended as secondary prevention**
tertiary prevention - answeractions taken to contain damage once a disease or disability
has progressed beyond its early stages
- referral to PT for positive duck walk found to have osgood schlatter
When to screen for colonoscopy - answerages 45-75
every 10 years
When to do a PAP - answer21 -29 every 3 years
30-65 every 5 years with HPV co-testing
When to do a mammogram - answerbiannually age 50-74
(age 40 if first degree relative)
When to screen for lung cancer - answerage 50-80 with 20 pack year smoking history
(or quit within the last 15 years)
When to screen for AAA ultrasound - answermen 65-75 who have ever smoked (1 time
screening)
when to do a dexa scan - answer65+ or sooner if increased risk using a risk calculator
( low BMI, ETOH, cigarettes, steroids, hx of fractures in the last year)
- once every two years
, When to start statins: - answerage 40-75 with at least one CVD risk factor and >10%
ASCVD risk factor
when do patients qualify for bariatric surgery - answerBMI>40 (non-diabetics)
BMI >35 (diabetics)
What are drusen spots - answersmall, round, yellow-white spots on the outer retina,
scattered and diffuse
- Protein and fat deposits in eye (fundoscopic exam) yellow spots
Papilledema - answerswelling and inflammation of the optic nerve at the point of
entrance into the eye through the optic disk (due to increased ICP --- most commonly
from HTN***
- cloudy moon
**Not a sharp disk
macular degeneration - answercentral vision loss
most common type of oral cancer - answersquamous cell carcinoma (tongue)
most common type of skin cancer - answerbasal cell carcinoma
Asthma Treatment - answerSABA are no longer 1st tier
ICS/formoterol are first line (if using both use albuterol first then ICS) ICS = Budesonide
- Rinse mouth after ICS
- Severe asthma exacerbations = ORAL Steroids
NEW treatment regiment - answerICS/SABA combination use as a rescue inhaler only
Step 1/2 - ICS/formoterol as needed
Step 3 - ICS/formoterol: Routine maintenance
Step 4 - ICS/Formoterol: Medium dose maintenance
Step 5 - ICS/formoterol and ADD on LAMA
Is the Asthma controlled?? - answer1. daytime asthma symptoms more than 2x/wk?
2. Night time wakings with asthma.
3. SABA use for symptoms more than 2x/wk
4. Any activity limitation due to asthma
well controlled = None of these
partly controlled = 1-2 of these
uncontrolled = 3-4 of these
homeless people - answerscreen for HEP, TB, HIV
*TB will show cavitation on an x-ray
chest x-ray reporting consolidation = - answerpneumonia
