HPHE 1520 STUDY GUIDE TEST QUESTIONS WITH
ANSWERS 2025/2026 GRADED A+
Summary knowledge of results - requires completion of several trials single skill or
movement without receiving any information about
Fading knowledge of results - involves a systematic reduction in the amount of
knowledge of results given to an individual during a practice
Task difficulty - the complexity of the motor problem an individual must resolve to
successfully complete a task
Closed-loop theory - Emphasizes the role played by feedback in the modification of a
performer's movements
Open-loop theory - there is no position feedback of a moving object
Static biomechanics - examines bodies, masses, and forces at rest or moving at a
constant velocity
Dynamic biomechanics - investigates bodies, masses, and forces when they are
speeding up or slowing down
Kinematics - study of motion without consideration of forces on the body
Kinetic - study of forces acting on the motion of the body
Kinetic analysis
Clinical biomechanics - focuses on improving the ability of an injured or disabled
individual to perform activities of daily living including work and leisure activities,
physical activity, or exercise
Sport biomechanics - applies the laws and principles of mechanics and physics to
enhance sport performance through the improvement in movement techniques or the
development of equipment
Linear motion - occurs when all points of the body are moving in the same direction at
same direction at the same speed and are traveling the same distance
Rectilinear - all points of the body move in same direction and travel in same direction at
the same speed
Curvilinear - all points on the body move in a same direction but the motion curves
Angular motion - referred to as rotary motion or rotation, is movement around a central
imaginary line known as the axis of rotation
, General motion - occurs when translation and angular movements are combined
Anatomic reference position - An erect standing position with the feet slightly separated,
the arms hanging relaxed at the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward
Directional terms - Used to describe the relationship of body parts or the location of an
external object with respect to the body
Anatomic reference planes - -Sagittal
-Frontal
-Transverse
Anatomic reference axes - The use of three reference axes for describing the rotation of
the human body:
-Mediolateral
-Anteroposterior
-Longitudinal
Compressive force (compression) - Force that tends to shorten or squeeze something,
decreasing its volume
Tensile force (tension) - A force which tends to stretch or elongate something
Shear force - Force acting on a substance in a direction perpendicular to the extension
of the substance
Ergonomics - Interaction between humans, the objects they use, and the environments
in which they function
Fitness and functional capacity testing - Assesses the fitness and performance
capabilities to do work- or job-related activity, physical activity, exercise, perform in a
sport or athletic competition
Diagnostic testing - Identifies the presence of a disease condition, risk factors for a
disease condition, or an existing injury
Validity - Accurate measurement
Reliability - Consistent measurement
Treadmills and ergometers - Allow for the control and measurement of the intensity and
amount of exercise performed
Metabolic measurement equipment measures - -Volume of air inhaled or exhaled
-Amount of oxygen consumed
ANSWERS 2025/2026 GRADED A+
Summary knowledge of results - requires completion of several trials single skill or
movement without receiving any information about
Fading knowledge of results - involves a systematic reduction in the amount of
knowledge of results given to an individual during a practice
Task difficulty - the complexity of the motor problem an individual must resolve to
successfully complete a task
Closed-loop theory - Emphasizes the role played by feedback in the modification of a
performer's movements
Open-loop theory - there is no position feedback of a moving object
Static biomechanics - examines bodies, masses, and forces at rest or moving at a
constant velocity
Dynamic biomechanics - investigates bodies, masses, and forces when they are
speeding up or slowing down
Kinematics - study of motion without consideration of forces on the body
Kinetic - study of forces acting on the motion of the body
Kinetic analysis
Clinical biomechanics - focuses on improving the ability of an injured or disabled
individual to perform activities of daily living including work and leisure activities,
physical activity, or exercise
Sport biomechanics - applies the laws and principles of mechanics and physics to
enhance sport performance through the improvement in movement techniques or the
development of equipment
Linear motion - occurs when all points of the body are moving in the same direction at
same direction at the same speed and are traveling the same distance
Rectilinear - all points of the body move in same direction and travel in same direction at
the same speed
Curvilinear - all points on the body move in a same direction but the motion curves
Angular motion - referred to as rotary motion or rotation, is movement around a central
imaginary line known as the axis of rotation
, General motion - occurs when translation and angular movements are combined
Anatomic reference position - An erect standing position with the feet slightly separated,
the arms hanging relaxed at the sides, and the palms of the hands facing forward
Directional terms - Used to describe the relationship of body parts or the location of an
external object with respect to the body
Anatomic reference planes - -Sagittal
-Frontal
-Transverse
Anatomic reference axes - The use of three reference axes for describing the rotation of
the human body:
-Mediolateral
-Anteroposterior
-Longitudinal
Compressive force (compression) - Force that tends to shorten or squeeze something,
decreasing its volume
Tensile force (tension) - A force which tends to stretch or elongate something
Shear force - Force acting on a substance in a direction perpendicular to the extension
of the substance
Ergonomics - Interaction between humans, the objects they use, and the environments
in which they function
Fitness and functional capacity testing - Assesses the fitness and performance
capabilities to do work- or job-related activity, physical activity, exercise, perform in a
sport or athletic competition
Diagnostic testing - Identifies the presence of a disease condition, risk factors for a
disease condition, or an existing injury
Validity - Accurate measurement
Reliability - Consistent measurement
Treadmills and ergometers - Allow for the control and measurement of the intensity and
amount of exercise performed
Metabolic measurement equipment measures - -Volume of air inhaled or exhaled
-Amount of oxygen consumed
