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Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Exam | 1000 Questions and Answers |
Complete Study Guide & Exam
Preparation
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
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A patient has HR 110 bpm and SV 50 mL. What is CO = 110 × 50 = 5500 mL (5.5 L/min). Within normal range but
CO? Is it normal? compensation may indicate stress.
Preload is best reflected by ______. End-diastolic volume (or pressure, e.g., CVP or PAWP).
Which condition increases afterload: sepsis or Hypertension increases afterload due to increased systemic vascular
hypertension? Why? resistance.
Increased preload always improves cardiac False. Excess preload can overstretch myocardium (Frank-Starling
output. Explain. limit), decreasing CO.
Define ejection fraction (EF) and its clinical EF = % of blood ejected from LV per beat. Normal: 55-70%. Low EF
significance. indicates systolic dysfunction.
EF 30% with pulmonary edema. What type of HF? Systolic heart failure with reduced EF.
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The most sensitive indicator of left ventricular Pulmonary congestion (e.g., crackles, dyspnea).
failure is ______.
What is MAP and why is it important? Mean Arterial Pressure = perfusion indicator. Normal ≥65 mmHg for
organ perfusion.
Calculate MAP: BP 90/60 mmHg. MAP = (60×2 + 90)/3 = 70 mmHg.
Define SVR and its role. Systemic Vascular Resistance = resistance to blood flow. Affects
afterload.
Warm skin, hypotension, low SVR. Diagnosis? Distributive shock (likely septic).
Beta-blockers increase heart rate. False. They decrease HR and contractility.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
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What is troponin and why is it important? Cardiac biomarker indicating myocardial injury. Highly specific.
Which rises first in MI: CK-MB or troponin? Troponin rises earlier and stays longer.
The hallmark ECG change in STEMI is ______. ST elevation.
ST depression in chest pain patient. What does it Ischemia (non-ST elevation MI or angina).
indicate?
Define angina pectoris. Chest pain due to myocardial ischemia without infarction.
What differentiates stable vs unstable angina? Stable = predictable; unstable = unpredictable, at rest, higher risk.
Nitroglycerin reduces preload. True. It causes venodilation.
Why is morphine used in MI? Reduces pain, anxiety, preload, and myocardial oxygen demand.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
Progressive Care Certified Nurse (PCCN)
Exam | 1000 Questions and Answers |
Complete Study Guide & Exam
Preparation
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
A patient has HR 110 bpm and SV 50 mL. What is CO = 110 × 50 = 5500 mL (5.5 L/min). Within normal range but
CO? Is it normal? compensation may indicate stress.
Preload is best reflected by ______. End-diastolic volume (or pressure, e.g., CVP or PAWP).
Which condition increases afterload: sepsis or Hypertension increases afterload due to increased systemic vascular
hypertension? Why? resistance.
Increased preload always improves cardiac False. Excess preload can overstretch myocardium (Frank-Starling
output. Explain. limit), decreasing CO.
Define ejection fraction (EF) and its clinical EF = % of blood ejected from LV per beat. Normal: 55-70%. Low EF
significance. indicates systolic dysfunction.
EF 30% with pulmonary edema. What type of HF? Systolic heart failure with reduced EF.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
,https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
The most sensitive indicator of left ventricular Pulmonary congestion (e.g., crackles, dyspnea).
failure is ______.
What is MAP and why is it important? Mean Arterial Pressure = perfusion indicator. Normal ≥65 mmHg for
organ perfusion.
Calculate MAP: BP 90/60 mmHg. MAP = (60×2 + 90)/3 = 70 mmHg.
Define SVR and its role. Systemic Vascular Resistance = resistance to blood flow. Affects
afterload.
Warm skin, hypotension, low SVR. Diagnosis? Distributive shock (likely septic).
Beta-blockers increase heart rate. False. They decrease HR and contractility.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
, https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
What is troponin and why is it important? Cardiac biomarker indicating myocardial injury. Highly specific.
Which rises first in MI: CK-MB or troponin? Troponin rises earlier and stays longer.
The hallmark ECG change in STEMI is ______. ST elevation.
ST depression in chest pain patient. What does it Ischemia (non-ST elevation MI or angina).
indicate?
Define angina pectoris. Chest pain due to myocardial ischemia without infarction.
What differentiates stable vs unstable angina? Stable = predictable; unstable = unpredictable, at rest, higher risk.
Nitroglycerin reduces preload. True. It causes venodilation.
Why is morphine used in MI? Reduces pain, anxiety, preload, and myocardial oxygen demand.
https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake https://www.stuvia.com/user/educatorjake
