D393 History of Healthcare in America exam Study
Questions with Correct Solutions
1. Access to healthcare services 6. Social Support Networks
2. Income and social status 7. Culture
3. Education 8. Genetics
4. Physical Environment 9. Personal behavior and coping skills
5. Employment and Working Conditions 10. Biological sex - ANSWER 10 factors affecting health
status
Imhotep - ANSWER First physician ever mentioned. 2600BC Ancient Egypt
Edward Jenner - ANSWER Inventor of smallpox vaccination 1796
Elizabeth Blackwell - ANSWER First female physician in the US 1849
Joseph Lister - ANSWER Develops antiseptic surgery 1865
Alexander Fleming - ANSWER Scottish scientist who discovers penicillin and its use as an
antibiotic 1928
Bellevue Hospital - ANSWER Considered the oldest hospital in the US which grew out of an
almshouse in 1736
Royal Hospital and Charity Hospital - ANSWER Two of the modern United States' oldest
hospitals founded in 1722 and 1736 respectively. One was for the treatment of the wealthy
while the other the treatment of the poor
,Vaccine Act of 1813 - ANSWER An act passed by the 12th Congress of the US to encourage
smallpox vaccination. The law tasked a federal agent with maintaining a supply of the smallpox
vaccine and distributing it nationwide
1830s - ANSWER The earliest examples of medical specialization occurred in this time period
1950s - ANSWER The time period where specialization became the predominant mode of
practice in the United States
Cultural authority - ANSWER The accumulation of public trust that leads to a sense of
legitimacy, the granting of relative autonomy, and an ability to self-regulate
Johns Hopkins University - ANSWER University founded in Baltimore, MD in 1876
Johns Hopkins Hospital - ANSWER Hospital founded in 1889 and worked in collaboration with
the medical school of the same name
John Hopkins University school of medicine - ANSWER Medical school opened in 1893 in
collaboration with the hospital of the same name. It required more stringent entrance and
curricula requirements than other medical schools at the time
1. Use of rubber gloves during surgery
2. Perform renal dialysis
3. Perform CPR - ANSWER What three practices were the John Hopkins School of Medicine first
to perform?
William Osler - ANSWER A Canadian physician and one of the four founding professors of John
Hopkins Hospital. Considered to be the "Father of Modern Medicine". Played a key role in the
creation of John Hopkins School of Medicine in 1893
, Abraham Flexner - ANSWER American professor who wrote a report for the Council on Medical
Education in 1904 critiquing medical education in the US and calling for its reform
William Welch - ANSWER Physician and founding professor at John Hopkins Hospital ; The first
dean of the John Hopkins School of Medicine and founder of the first school of public health in
the nation, the John Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health
American Medical Association (AMA) - ANSWER Founded in 1847 with the goals of advancing
science, supporting medical education, upholding medical ethics, and improving public health
Mayo Clinic - ANSWER Founded by brothers William, James, and Charles in 1889 focusing on
clinical excellence, research and the application of that research to patient care, the use of
sterile technique (which had previously been neglected by many practitioners), clear
organization, and collaborative group practice. The first (and one of, if not the, only) facilities to
pay providers a salaried wage.
1. Increased emphasis on Public Health
2. Unsuccessful efforts to contain it represented an important learning opportunity whereby
halthcare providers, organizations, the scientific community, and policymakers need to respect
the nature of disease and be truthful with the public about what they know and do not know. -
ANSWER Two reasons the Spanish Flu of 1918 were important to the development of
healthcare policy and delivery
Sick Funds - ANSWER established to provide compensation to workers who became ill or
injured on the job - prior to the establishment of workers' compensation laws
Workers' Compensation laws - ANSWER Enacted by 32 states between 1910-1915 to provide
remuneration for injured workers
Blue Cross - ANSWER The first "true" insurance established at Baylor University Hospital in
Dallas, TX in 1929. The plan only covered hospital care.
Questions with Correct Solutions
1. Access to healthcare services 6. Social Support Networks
2. Income and social status 7. Culture
3. Education 8. Genetics
4. Physical Environment 9. Personal behavior and coping skills
5. Employment and Working Conditions 10. Biological sex - ANSWER 10 factors affecting health
status
Imhotep - ANSWER First physician ever mentioned. 2600BC Ancient Egypt
Edward Jenner - ANSWER Inventor of smallpox vaccination 1796
Elizabeth Blackwell - ANSWER First female physician in the US 1849
Joseph Lister - ANSWER Develops antiseptic surgery 1865
Alexander Fleming - ANSWER Scottish scientist who discovers penicillin and its use as an
antibiotic 1928
Bellevue Hospital - ANSWER Considered the oldest hospital in the US which grew out of an
almshouse in 1736
Royal Hospital and Charity Hospital - ANSWER Two of the modern United States' oldest
hospitals founded in 1722 and 1736 respectively. One was for the treatment of the wealthy
while the other the treatment of the poor
,Vaccine Act of 1813 - ANSWER An act passed by the 12th Congress of the US to encourage
smallpox vaccination. The law tasked a federal agent with maintaining a supply of the smallpox
vaccine and distributing it nationwide
1830s - ANSWER The earliest examples of medical specialization occurred in this time period
1950s - ANSWER The time period where specialization became the predominant mode of
practice in the United States
Cultural authority - ANSWER The accumulation of public trust that leads to a sense of
legitimacy, the granting of relative autonomy, and an ability to self-regulate
Johns Hopkins University - ANSWER University founded in Baltimore, MD in 1876
Johns Hopkins Hospital - ANSWER Hospital founded in 1889 and worked in collaboration with
the medical school of the same name
John Hopkins University school of medicine - ANSWER Medical school opened in 1893 in
collaboration with the hospital of the same name. It required more stringent entrance and
curricula requirements than other medical schools at the time
1. Use of rubber gloves during surgery
2. Perform renal dialysis
3. Perform CPR - ANSWER What three practices were the John Hopkins School of Medicine first
to perform?
William Osler - ANSWER A Canadian physician and one of the four founding professors of John
Hopkins Hospital. Considered to be the "Father of Modern Medicine". Played a key role in the
creation of John Hopkins School of Medicine in 1893
, Abraham Flexner - ANSWER American professor who wrote a report for the Council on Medical
Education in 1904 critiquing medical education in the US and calling for its reform
William Welch - ANSWER Physician and founding professor at John Hopkins Hospital ; The first
dean of the John Hopkins School of Medicine and founder of the first school of public health in
the nation, the John Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health
American Medical Association (AMA) - ANSWER Founded in 1847 with the goals of advancing
science, supporting medical education, upholding medical ethics, and improving public health
Mayo Clinic - ANSWER Founded by brothers William, James, and Charles in 1889 focusing on
clinical excellence, research and the application of that research to patient care, the use of
sterile technique (which had previously been neglected by many practitioners), clear
organization, and collaborative group practice. The first (and one of, if not the, only) facilities to
pay providers a salaried wage.
1. Increased emphasis on Public Health
2. Unsuccessful efforts to contain it represented an important learning opportunity whereby
halthcare providers, organizations, the scientific community, and policymakers need to respect
the nature of disease and be truthful with the public about what they know and do not know. -
ANSWER Two reasons the Spanish Flu of 1918 were important to the development of
healthcare policy and delivery
Sick Funds - ANSWER established to provide compensation to workers who became ill or
injured on the job - prior to the establishment of workers' compensation laws
Workers' Compensation laws - ANSWER Enacted by 32 states between 1910-1915 to provide
remuneration for injured workers
Blue Cross - ANSWER The first "true" insurance established at Baylor University Hospital in
Dallas, TX in 1929. The plan only covered hospital care.
