D393 History of Healthcare in America exam
Questions with Correct Solutions
Cultural authority - ANSWER Refers to the general acceptance or public trust of professional
judgment as valid. Physicians' cultural authority is reflected in the reliance placed on their
evaluation of signs and symptoms, diagnosis of disease, and suggested prognosis.
Which drug, discovered in the 1940s, launched the antibiotic era and is regarded as one of the
most significant advancements in therapeutic medicine? - ANSWER Penicillin
Who was a former mental health patient who became the mental hygiene movement pioneer
and established one of the first client-advocate health reform initiatives in the United States? -
ANSWER Clifford Whittingham Beers
Clifford Whittingham Beers pioneered the mental hygiene movement and established one of
the first client-advocate health reform initiatives in the United States. Beers was a former
mental health patient.
Who eradicated smallpox with the development of a vaccine in 1796? - ANSWER Edward Jenner
Which school teacher was a groundbreaking pioneer in the mental health movement in the
1800s? - ANSWER Dorothea Dix evolved from a schoolteacher to a groundbreaking pioneer in
the mental health movement.
Which was the first major medical school to accept women in the United States? - ANSWER
Johns Hopkins University School of medicine (to clarify, at first JHU did not accept women as
students to the university) was pivotal in innovation and was the first primary medical school in
the U.S. to accept women.
Which group was initially known for breakthroughs such as sterile procedures, salaried
physicians, and multispecialty group practices? - ANSWER The Mayo Clinic was notable for its
, use of the sterile procedure, employing salaried physicians, and developing a multispecialty
group approach.
Which act guarantees everyone access to urgent treatment, regardless of financial status? -
ANSWER Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act (EMTALA)
This act guarantees everyone access to emergency treatment, regardless of financial status.
Which facility grew out of an almshouse in 1736 and is credited as being the oldest hospital in
the United States? - ANSWER Bellevue Hospital
This hospital grew out of an almshouse in 1736, and it is regarded as the oldest hospital in the
U.S.
What led to doctors charging more for their services in the 1800s? - ANSWER Professional
sovereignty
Medical education and licensing advancements all assisted in creating the profession's
standards and advancing the profession of healthcare. This led to professional sovereignty and
increased costs.
Which organization introduced the sterile technique in the late 1800s? - ANSWER The Mayo
Clinic is known for innovating the healthcare field, and the sterile technique was one of its first
innovations.
Which modern healthcare service helps patients and their families identify the resources and
support available within a benefit plan, a business or institution, and the local community? -
ANSWER Case management is a collaborative healthcare service to assist patients in identifying
available resources.
What was the first service plan to cover physician services? - ANSWER Blue Shield was
established in 1939 and became the first medical plan to cover physician services.
Which act provided funding to assist with the construction of hospitals and nursing homes in
the mid-1900s? - ANSWER Hill-Burton Act
Questions with Correct Solutions
Cultural authority - ANSWER Refers to the general acceptance or public trust of professional
judgment as valid. Physicians' cultural authority is reflected in the reliance placed on their
evaluation of signs and symptoms, diagnosis of disease, and suggested prognosis.
Which drug, discovered in the 1940s, launched the antibiotic era and is regarded as one of the
most significant advancements in therapeutic medicine? - ANSWER Penicillin
Who was a former mental health patient who became the mental hygiene movement pioneer
and established one of the first client-advocate health reform initiatives in the United States? -
ANSWER Clifford Whittingham Beers
Clifford Whittingham Beers pioneered the mental hygiene movement and established one of
the first client-advocate health reform initiatives in the United States. Beers was a former
mental health patient.
Who eradicated smallpox with the development of a vaccine in 1796? - ANSWER Edward Jenner
Which school teacher was a groundbreaking pioneer in the mental health movement in the
1800s? - ANSWER Dorothea Dix evolved from a schoolteacher to a groundbreaking pioneer in
the mental health movement.
Which was the first major medical school to accept women in the United States? - ANSWER
Johns Hopkins University School of medicine (to clarify, at first JHU did not accept women as
students to the university) was pivotal in innovation and was the first primary medical school in
the U.S. to accept women.
Which group was initially known for breakthroughs such as sterile procedures, salaried
physicians, and multispecialty group practices? - ANSWER The Mayo Clinic was notable for its
, use of the sterile procedure, employing salaried physicians, and developing a multispecialty
group approach.
Which act guarantees everyone access to urgent treatment, regardless of financial status? -
ANSWER Emergency Medical Treatment & Labor Act (EMTALA)
This act guarantees everyone access to emergency treatment, regardless of financial status.
Which facility grew out of an almshouse in 1736 and is credited as being the oldest hospital in
the United States? - ANSWER Bellevue Hospital
This hospital grew out of an almshouse in 1736, and it is regarded as the oldest hospital in the
U.S.
What led to doctors charging more for their services in the 1800s? - ANSWER Professional
sovereignty
Medical education and licensing advancements all assisted in creating the profession's
standards and advancing the profession of healthcare. This led to professional sovereignty and
increased costs.
Which organization introduced the sterile technique in the late 1800s? - ANSWER The Mayo
Clinic is known for innovating the healthcare field, and the sterile technique was one of its first
innovations.
Which modern healthcare service helps patients and their families identify the resources and
support available within a benefit plan, a business or institution, and the local community? -
ANSWER Case management is a collaborative healthcare service to assist patients in identifying
available resources.
What was the first service plan to cover physician services? - ANSWER Blue Shield was
established in 1939 and became the first medical plan to cover physician services.
Which act provided funding to assist with the construction of hospitals and nursing homes in
the mid-1900s? - ANSWER Hill-Burton Act
