NREMT EMT Certification Key Exam Guide Questions
and Integral Marking Scheme version 2024/2025
Patients with penetrating neck trauma are at greater risk for all of the following life
threats EXCEPT
A- air embolism
B- cervical spine injury
C- cardiac tamponade
D- hemorrhagic shock - correct answer c- cardiac tamponade
While assessing your patient who has a painful, angulated injury to his left lower leg
after a skateboarding accident, you notice that the foot is cool, pale, and has no pulses.
You should
A- pull gentle traction until the limb is completely realigned
B- splint in the position found and transport rapidly
C- pull gentle traction until the limb's pulses and color improve
D- none of the above - correct answer c- pull gentle traction until the limb's pulses and
color improve
You are assessing the victim of a motorcycle accident who complains of severe pain
when either hip is flexed. You notice the patient's feet are both rotated externally. You
feel crepitus and the patient screams in pain when you perform a pelvic rock. You
should
A-reassess pelvic rock every 5 minutes to monitor for changes
B- apply bilateral traction splints
C- apply a pelvic wrap or binder and treat for shock
D- all of the above - correct answer c- apply a pelvic wrap or binder and treat for shock
Your patient is a 44 year old male who was attempting to fix a machine at work when
both arms became entangled in the machine. Both arms are now pressed between
large pieces of metal. He doesn't appear to be in significant pain, but the factory's
,mechanics and the rescue team tell you it will be at least 2 hours before they can
disassemble enough of the machine to free him. You should expect to treat the patient
for
A- neurogenic shock
B- bilateral amputations
C- crush syndrome
D- minor soft tissue trauma - correct answer c- crush syndrome
You respond to a call for a male who put his hand through a window. First responders
report a large amount of bright red blood. When you arrive, they are applying direct
pressure with three hands and blood is still flowing freely from the patients upper arm.
He appears pale, disoriented, and frightened. After assessing his abcs, your first
treatment should be to
A- apply pressure to an appropriate pressure point
B- elevate the extremity
C- apply a tourniquet
D- apply high-flow oxygen - correct answer c- apply a tourniquet
You respond to a call about a patient with multiple soft tissue injuries after a domestic
disturbance. As you enter the scene, you see that the patient has wounds on each of
her arms. One arm is spurting bright red blood. The other arm slowly oozes dark blood
from a very shallow wound. You identify these as _______ and _________
hemorrhages, respectively.
A- venous; arterial
B- arterial; venous
C- venous; capillary
D- arterial; capillary - correct answer d- arterial; capillary
Your patient is a 24 year old male who lost control of his ATV and struck several trees.
On assessment, you find your patient responsive only to painful stimuli with rapid
breathing, tachycardia, and diaphoresis. You direct your partner to begin packaging the
patient as you continue your assessment and note several small puncture wound
, around the left chest and flank, bulging neck veins, and a blood pressure of 70/52. Your
patient's breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. The patient's most likely injury is
A- tension pneumothorax
B- hemothorax
C- cardiac tamponade
D- ruptured spleen - correct answer c- cardiac tamponade
When treating trauma patients with suspected head, neck, or back injuries, it is
important not to release manual immobilization until the patient is fully immobilized with
an appropriately sized cervical collar and
A- a long spine board with towel rolls or head blocks
B- a vest type short back device
C- A or B, but not both
D- both A and B - correct answer a- a long spine board with towel rolls or head blocks
Of the following, the injury at the highest risk for infection is
A- an animal bite
B- a human bite
C- a spider bite
D- a superficial burn - correct answer b- a human bite
Your patient is a 19 year old football player who was "speared" while being tackled
approximately 20 minutes prior to your arrival. He complains of left shoulder pain and
looks pale. His radial pulse is 30 and weak. You suspect
A- internal bleeding
B- shoulder dislocation
C- heat exhaustion
D- pneumothorax - correct answer a- internal bleeding
Your initial method of external hemorrhage control should almost always be to
and Integral Marking Scheme version 2024/2025
Patients with penetrating neck trauma are at greater risk for all of the following life
threats EXCEPT
A- air embolism
B- cervical spine injury
C- cardiac tamponade
D- hemorrhagic shock - correct answer c- cardiac tamponade
While assessing your patient who has a painful, angulated injury to his left lower leg
after a skateboarding accident, you notice that the foot is cool, pale, and has no pulses.
You should
A- pull gentle traction until the limb is completely realigned
B- splint in the position found and transport rapidly
C- pull gentle traction until the limb's pulses and color improve
D- none of the above - correct answer c- pull gentle traction until the limb's pulses and
color improve
You are assessing the victim of a motorcycle accident who complains of severe pain
when either hip is flexed. You notice the patient's feet are both rotated externally. You
feel crepitus and the patient screams in pain when you perform a pelvic rock. You
should
A-reassess pelvic rock every 5 minutes to monitor for changes
B- apply bilateral traction splints
C- apply a pelvic wrap or binder and treat for shock
D- all of the above - correct answer c- apply a pelvic wrap or binder and treat for shock
Your patient is a 44 year old male who was attempting to fix a machine at work when
both arms became entangled in the machine. Both arms are now pressed between
large pieces of metal. He doesn't appear to be in significant pain, but the factory's
,mechanics and the rescue team tell you it will be at least 2 hours before they can
disassemble enough of the machine to free him. You should expect to treat the patient
for
A- neurogenic shock
B- bilateral amputations
C- crush syndrome
D- minor soft tissue trauma - correct answer c- crush syndrome
You respond to a call for a male who put his hand through a window. First responders
report a large amount of bright red blood. When you arrive, they are applying direct
pressure with three hands and blood is still flowing freely from the patients upper arm.
He appears pale, disoriented, and frightened. After assessing his abcs, your first
treatment should be to
A- apply pressure to an appropriate pressure point
B- elevate the extremity
C- apply a tourniquet
D- apply high-flow oxygen - correct answer c- apply a tourniquet
You respond to a call about a patient with multiple soft tissue injuries after a domestic
disturbance. As you enter the scene, you see that the patient has wounds on each of
her arms. One arm is spurting bright red blood. The other arm slowly oozes dark blood
from a very shallow wound. You identify these as _______ and _________
hemorrhages, respectively.
A- venous; arterial
B- arterial; venous
C- venous; capillary
D- arterial; capillary - correct answer d- arterial; capillary
Your patient is a 24 year old male who lost control of his ATV and struck several trees.
On assessment, you find your patient responsive only to painful stimuli with rapid
breathing, tachycardia, and diaphoresis. You direct your partner to begin packaging the
patient as you continue your assessment and note several small puncture wound
, around the left chest and flank, bulging neck veins, and a blood pressure of 70/52. Your
patient's breath sounds are clear and equal bilaterally. The patient's most likely injury is
A- tension pneumothorax
B- hemothorax
C- cardiac tamponade
D- ruptured spleen - correct answer c- cardiac tamponade
When treating trauma patients with suspected head, neck, or back injuries, it is
important not to release manual immobilization until the patient is fully immobilized with
an appropriately sized cervical collar and
A- a long spine board with towel rolls or head blocks
B- a vest type short back device
C- A or B, but not both
D- both A and B - correct answer a- a long spine board with towel rolls or head blocks
Of the following, the injury at the highest risk for infection is
A- an animal bite
B- a human bite
C- a spider bite
D- a superficial burn - correct answer b- a human bite
Your patient is a 19 year old football player who was "speared" while being tackled
approximately 20 minutes prior to your arrival. He complains of left shoulder pain and
looks pale. His radial pulse is 30 and weak. You suspect
A- internal bleeding
B- shoulder dislocation
C- heat exhaustion
D- pneumothorax - correct answer a- internal bleeding
Your initial method of external hemorrhage control should almost always be to
