WCU Pathophysiology (MIDTERM) Exam Questions and Answers

WCU Pathophysiology (MIDTERM) Exam Questions and Answers A common cause of heart failure is which of the following? (Select all that apply. -Answer-- Coronary artery disease -Cardiomyopathy -Hypertension When the cause of a disease is due to unintended or unwanted medical treatment, the term to describe this is -Answer-latrogenic COPD type A is referred to as: -Answer-Emphysema A heart that has to pump harder in order to effectively circulate blood is likely to undergo which type of cellular adaptation? -Answer-Hypertrophy Which pathogenetic change is associated with acute bronchitis? (Select all that apply.) -Answer-- Swelling from exudation of fluid -Loss of ciliary function -Inflamed airways Which is true regarding hemophilia A? -Answer-It is caused by factor VII deficiency. Which is a malignant disorder of mature antibody-secreting B lymphocytes or plasma cells? - Answer-Multiple myeloma The pathogenesis of tuberculosis includes the entrance of mycobacteria into the lungs and the resulting of which of the following? (Select all that apply.) -Answer--Calcification -Ghon tubercles -Formation of granulomas -Activation of macrophages Atherosclerosis predisposes to a number of processes that are factors in myocardial ischemia. These processes include -Answer-Thrombus Formation Which offers the best prognosis for the cure of cancer? -Answer-Early Detection Which statement is true regarding thalassemia? -Answer-It is a deficiency of one or more polypeptide chains. 1 / 3 Which is required for red blood cell production? (Select all that apply.) -Answer--Iron -Folate -Vitamin B12 Abnormal new cellular growth is referred to as -Answer-Neoplasia How many liters of blood are circulating in the human body at any one time? -Answer-4-6l What is the marker of choice for detecting a myocardial infarction? -Answer-Elevated serum levels of cardiac troponin Which is a risk factor associated with hypertension? (Select all that apply.) -Answer--Age -African American race -History of tobacco smoking Which component of the blood is responsible for protecting the body by phagocytosis of microorganisms and other debris? -Answer-Leukocytes Which term is used to identify hypertension that has a specific disease as its cause? -AnswerSecondary Restoration of effective function is the goal of which level of prevention? -Answer-Teritary Which restrictive disease is associated with the formation of an antigen-antibody complex, causing fibrosis of the lung? -Answer-Hypersensitivity pneumonitis The pathologic changes that occur in the development of coronary atherosclerotic lesions include cell damage resulting from which of the following? (Select all that apply.) -Answer--The effects of oxidized lipids -An inflammatory response -The formation of plaques Which statements is true regarding serum potassium (K +) levels? (Select all that apply.) - Answer--Hyperkalemia can result in weakness in the lower extremities. -Hyperkalemia can be characterized by intestinal cramping. -Hypokalemia can often cause muscle weakness. -Hypokalemia can result in a paralytic ileus. Cellular hypoxia results in -Answer-Failure of the sodium-potassium pump Which cellular change is seen with chronic bronchitis? -Answer-Increased eosinophils Which disease has the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells on histologic examination? -AnswerHodgkin lymphoma 2 / 3 Which type of cellular adaptation would create the greatest concern if found on a biopsy report? - Answer-Dysplasia What assists in the diagnosis of multiple myeloma? -Answer-Bence Jones proteins Which type of shock is characterized by generalized vasodilation and peripheral pooling of blood? (Select all that apply.) -Answer--Septic -Neurogenic -Anaphylatic The pathogenesis of pneumonia includes the inhalation of microbial agents and the resulting of which of the following? (Select all that apply. -Answer--Inflammation -Lung consolidation -Formation of exudates What is the primary cause of airway obstruction in patients with chronic bronchitis? -AnswerMucous plugs Uncontrolled massive bleeding causes what type of shock? -Answer-Hypovolemic Which is a modifiable risk factor for prevention of atherosclerosis? -Answer-Smoking Which term is used to describe the deficiency in circulating platelets? -AnswerThrombocytopenia Necrosis is the result of cellular injury that does not allow for cellular adaptation because it is which of the following? (Select all that apply.) -Answer--Too severe -Too prolonged -A result of a disrupted blood supply Which is a major determinant of diastolic blood pressure? -Answer-Vascular resistance Which type of hypersensitivity response is mediated by T cells? -Answer-Hypersensitivity type IV Which type of cellular adaptation is most likely to occur as the result of chronic ischemia to a region? -Answer-Atrophy Which statement is true regarding asthma? -Answer-Airway inflammation Which clinical manifestation differentiates myocardial infarction (MI) from angina pectoris? (Select all that apply.) -Answer--Radiating chest pain -ST-segment changes on the ECG -Elevated serum levels of troponin