EMBALMING II UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
INJECTION & DRAINAGE TECHNIQUES - CORRECT ANSWER - During the
embalming of the body, four processes take place at the same time. They are:
1. Injection (also referred to as Delivery in Chapter 13)
2. Distribution
3. Diffusion
4. Drainage
WORK & ENGINEERING CONTROLS - CORRECT ANSWER - Adequate ventilation
system
Prevent chemical spills
Keep embalming machine in good repair
Rinse fluid bottles
Cap all chemical bottles
Keep a lid on the embalming machine
Clamp all leaky vessels during embalming
Restrict drainage
Use closed drainage
Cover the sink to avoid splashing
Keep a water hose on the table to flush away drainage
Avoid high water pressure
5 FACTORS DETERMINED IN EMBALMING PROCESS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.
Vessels for injection and drainage
2. Strength of the embalming solution
3. Volume of the embalming solution
,4. Injection pressure
5. Injection rate of flow
INJECTION TECHNIQUES -
TYPES OF INJECTION - CORRECT ANSWER - One-point; injection and drainage from
one site.
Split injection/drainage; injection from one site and drainage from another
Multi-point; injection at two or more sites.
Restricted Cervical; injection of both common carotid arteries.
Six-point injection; injection of the right and left common carotid, axillary, and femoral arteries.
In an autopsy case the subclavian or brachial arteries can be used for the arms; and the common
(internal) or external iliac arteries can be used for the legs.
MULTI POINT INJECTION - CORRECT ANSWER - Injection at two or more sites.
This may be used in the following
cases:
1. When a body area does not receive or needs more arterial solution
2. Bodies dead for a long time
3. Signs of decomposition are evident
4. Death by ruptures aortic aneurysm (the fluid will simply fill the cavity
instead of going through the arterial system)
5. Highly contagious diseases
6. Delayed viewing or disposition
7. Military or shipping requirements
8. Purge develops and/or drainage stops
9. Generalized edema
10. Difficulty firming
11. Poor peripheral circulation
12. True tissue gas
,13. Autopsied
14. Organ and/or tissue donation
RESTRICTED CERVICAL - CORRECT ANSWER - Injection of both common carotid
arteries.
This may be used in the following cases:
1. Facial trauma
2. Facial distension is anticipated
3. Eye enucleation
4. Generalized edema
5. Difficulty firming
6. Distribution Problems
7. High HCHO demand
8. Purge is anticipated
9. Jaundice is present
HOW TO PICK AN ARTERY - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Size
2. Can I use the accompanying vein for drainage
3. Depth of location
4. Flexibility
5. Effects on Posing the body
6. Potential leakage consideration
7. Proximity of the vessel to the arch of the aorta
HOW TO PICK A VEIN - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Size
2. Proximity to the right atrium of the heart
3. Blood discolorations of the face and neck
4. Flexibility
, 5. Depth
EMBALMING - ADDITIONAL POINTS TO REMEMBER - CORRECT ANSWER -
Fluids follow the path of least resistance
Embalming in which only the skin and superficial portions of the body receive solutions is
referred to as shell embalming.
Coagula in the arterial system can easily be pushed into minute arterial tributaries; this is what
allows drainage to occur.
INSTANT TISSUE FIXATION - CORRECT ANSWER - Instant tissue fixation refers to
an embalming technique that uses restricted cervical injection in order to treat the head with a
small amount of very strong arterial solution.
The goal is to immediately preserve, dry and firm the tissues.
It is used when:
Decomposition on the face has started.
Facial trauma is present.
A dry and firm surface is needed for restorative treatment.
Facial excisions are necessary as in the case of cancer.
NOT when re-embalming the face at the book suggests.
DRAINAGE - CORRECT ANSWER - Drainage consists of:
Blood,
Interstitial fluid,
Embalming solution, and
Lymphatic fluid.
It has been estimated that 50% or more of the drainage occurring during embalming is actually
from embalming solution.
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
INJECTION & DRAINAGE TECHNIQUES - CORRECT ANSWER - During the
embalming of the body, four processes take place at the same time. They are:
1. Injection (also referred to as Delivery in Chapter 13)
2. Distribution
3. Diffusion
4. Drainage
WORK & ENGINEERING CONTROLS - CORRECT ANSWER - Adequate ventilation
system
Prevent chemical spills
Keep embalming machine in good repair
Rinse fluid bottles
Cap all chemical bottles
Keep a lid on the embalming machine
Clamp all leaky vessels during embalming
Restrict drainage
Use closed drainage
Cover the sink to avoid splashing
Keep a water hose on the table to flush away drainage
Avoid high water pressure
5 FACTORS DETERMINED IN EMBALMING PROCESS - CORRECT ANSWER - 1.
Vessels for injection and drainage
2. Strength of the embalming solution
3. Volume of the embalming solution
,4. Injection pressure
5. Injection rate of flow
INJECTION TECHNIQUES -
TYPES OF INJECTION - CORRECT ANSWER - One-point; injection and drainage from
one site.
Split injection/drainage; injection from one site and drainage from another
Multi-point; injection at two or more sites.
Restricted Cervical; injection of both common carotid arteries.
Six-point injection; injection of the right and left common carotid, axillary, and femoral arteries.
In an autopsy case the subclavian or brachial arteries can be used for the arms; and the common
(internal) or external iliac arteries can be used for the legs.
MULTI POINT INJECTION - CORRECT ANSWER - Injection at two or more sites.
This may be used in the following
cases:
1. When a body area does not receive or needs more arterial solution
2. Bodies dead for a long time
3. Signs of decomposition are evident
4. Death by ruptures aortic aneurysm (the fluid will simply fill the cavity
instead of going through the arterial system)
5. Highly contagious diseases
6. Delayed viewing or disposition
7. Military or shipping requirements
8. Purge develops and/or drainage stops
9. Generalized edema
10. Difficulty firming
11. Poor peripheral circulation
12. True tissue gas
,13. Autopsied
14. Organ and/or tissue donation
RESTRICTED CERVICAL - CORRECT ANSWER - Injection of both common carotid
arteries.
This may be used in the following cases:
1. Facial trauma
2. Facial distension is anticipated
3. Eye enucleation
4. Generalized edema
5. Difficulty firming
6. Distribution Problems
7. High HCHO demand
8. Purge is anticipated
9. Jaundice is present
HOW TO PICK AN ARTERY - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Size
2. Can I use the accompanying vein for drainage
3. Depth of location
4. Flexibility
5. Effects on Posing the body
6. Potential leakage consideration
7. Proximity of the vessel to the arch of the aorta
HOW TO PICK A VEIN - CORRECT ANSWER - 1. Size
2. Proximity to the right atrium of the heart
3. Blood discolorations of the face and neck
4. Flexibility
, 5. Depth
EMBALMING - ADDITIONAL POINTS TO REMEMBER - CORRECT ANSWER -
Fluids follow the path of least resistance
Embalming in which only the skin and superficial portions of the body receive solutions is
referred to as shell embalming.
Coagula in the arterial system can easily be pushed into minute arterial tributaries; this is what
allows drainage to occur.
INSTANT TISSUE FIXATION - CORRECT ANSWER - Instant tissue fixation refers to
an embalming technique that uses restricted cervical injection in order to treat the head with a
small amount of very strong arterial solution.
The goal is to immediately preserve, dry and firm the tissues.
It is used when:
Decomposition on the face has started.
Facial trauma is present.
A dry and firm surface is needed for restorative treatment.
Facial excisions are necessary as in the case of cancer.
NOT when re-embalming the face at the book suggests.
DRAINAGE - CORRECT ANSWER - Drainage consists of:
Blood,
Interstitial fluid,
Embalming solution, and
Lymphatic fluid.
It has been estimated that 50% or more of the drainage occurring during embalming is actually
from embalming solution.
