CRITICAL CARE/FLIGHT PARAMEDIC
EXAM CORRECT QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025
babinski reflex - ANSWER extension and spreading of toes when bottom of foot is
stroked. sign of nervous system lesion
battles sign - ANSWER bruise behind ear, basilar skull fracture
becks triad - ANSWER jvd, muffled heart tones, hypotension. from cardiac tamponade
brudzinski sign - ANSWER flexion of the neck results in flexion of the hip. meningitis
coopernails sign - ANSWER ecchymosis on perineum, labia, scrotum. sign of pelvis
fracture
cullens sign - ANSWER bruising around umbilicus. Sign of pancreatitis or ectopic
pregnancy
grey turners sign - ANSWER discoloration of skin around flank. sign of pancreatitis
hammans sign - ANSWER crunching sound of heart with asynchronous heart beat. sign
of mediastinal emphysema/tracheobronchial disruption
kehrs sign - ANSWER left shoulder pain associated with splenic rupture
kernigs sign - ANSWER pain to knee extension when hip is at 90 degrees. sign of
meningitis
levines sign - ANSWER pain with clutched fist over midline of chest. sign of cardiac
chest pain
mcburneys sign - ANSWER tenderness 2/3 the distance between umbilicus and ileum.
sign of appendicitis
muphys sign - ANSWER pt unable to take deep breath on inspiration with deep
palpation beneath right coastal margins. sign of gall bladder issues
S2 "dub" heart tones - ANSWER aortic and pulmonary valve closure
s1 "lub" sound - ANSWER bicuspic/tricuspid valve closure
stroke volume is affected by - ANSWER preload, afterload, contractility
, s4 heart tone - ANSWER indicative of stiff or noncompliant ventricle, like with an old MI
s3 heart tone - ANSWER ventricle stretch due to fluid overload
right coronary artery is typically repaired by using - ANSWER saphenous vein
dresslers sign - ANSWER pericarditis from recent MI or cardiac surgery
alpha 1 stimulation results in - ANSWER increased SVR/vasoconstriction
beta 1 stimulation results in - ANSWER increased HR, contractility
janeway lesions and osler nodes are indicative of - ANSWER endocarditis
elevated BNP signals - ANSWER increased stretching of ventricles. found in CHF
where should a cardiac transducer be placed? - ANSWER phlebostatic axis (4th
intercostal space midaxillary)
what does the dicrotic notch symbolize? - ANSWER aortic valve closing
saline from ART line should infuse at what rate - ANSWER 3ml/hr
normal central venous pressure (CVP) - ANSWER 2-6
when utilizing a swan ganz catheter, never exceed ____mL of air in distal balloon -
ANSWER 1.5
coronary perfusion pressure calculation - ANSWER PAWP-DBP (should be 50-60)
PAWP range - ANSWER 8-12
PVR range - ANSWER 50-250
PA pressure - ANSWER 15-25 systolic, 8-15 diastolic
SVR range - ANSWER 800-1200
what does PVR signify - ANSWER right heart afterload, pulmonary vascular resistance
what is PCWP - ANSWER same as pAWP
left heart preload is also called - ANSWER left ventricular end diastolic pressure LVEDP
what is CI - ANSWER same as CO
EXAM CORRECT QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS LATEST UPDATE 2025
babinski reflex - ANSWER extension and spreading of toes when bottom of foot is
stroked. sign of nervous system lesion
battles sign - ANSWER bruise behind ear, basilar skull fracture
becks triad - ANSWER jvd, muffled heart tones, hypotension. from cardiac tamponade
brudzinski sign - ANSWER flexion of the neck results in flexion of the hip. meningitis
coopernails sign - ANSWER ecchymosis on perineum, labia, scrotum. sign of pelvis
fracture
cullens sign - ANSWER bruising around umbilicus. Sign of pancreatitis or ectopic
pregnancy
grey turners sign - ANSWER discoloration of skin around flank. sign of pancreatitis
hammans sign - ANSWER crunching sound of heart with asynchronous heart beat. sign
of mediastinal emphysema/tracheobronchial disruption
kehrs sign - ANSWER left shoulder pain associated with splenic rupture
kernigs sign - ANSWER pain to knee extension when hip is at 90 degrees. sign of
meningitis
levines sign - ANSWER pain with clutched fist over midline of chest. sign of cardiac
chest pain
mcburneys sign - ANSWER tenderness 2/3 the distance between umbilicus and ileum.
sign of appendicitis
muphys sign - ANSWER pt unable to take deep breath on inspiration with deep
palpation beneath right coastal margins. sign of gall bladder issues
S2 "dub" heart tones - ANSWER aortic and pulmonary valve closure
s1 "lub" sound - ANSWER bicuspic/tricuspid valve closure
stroke volume is affected by - ANSWER preload, afterload, contractility
, s4 heart tone - ANSWER indicative of stiff or noncompliant ventricle, like with an old MI
s3 heart tone - ANSWER ventricle stretch due to fluid overload
right coronary artery is typically repaired by using - ANSWER saphenous vein
dresslers sign - ANSWER pericarditis from recent MI or cardiac surgery
alpha 1 stimulation results in - ANSWER increased SVR/vasoconstriction
beta 1 stimulation results in - ANSWER increased HR, contractility
janeway lesions and osler nodes are indicative of - ANSWER endocarditis
elevated BNP signals - ANSWER increased stretching of ventricles. found in CHF
where should a cardiac transducer be placed? - ANSWER phlebostatic axis (4th
intercostal space midaxillary)
what does the dicrotic notch symbolize? - ANSWER aortic valve closing
saline from ART line should infuse at what rate - ANSWER 3ml/hr
normal central venous pressure (CVP) - ANSWER 2-6
when utilizing a swan ganz catheter, never exceed ____mL of air in distal balloon -
ANSWER 1.5
coronary perfusion pressure calculation - ANSWER PAWP-DBP (should be 50-60)
PAWP range - ANSWER 8-12
PVR range - ANSWER 50-250
PA pressure - ANSWER 15-25 systolic, 8-15 diastolic
SVR range - ANSWER 800-1200
what does PVR signify - ANSWER right heart afterload, pulmonary vascular resistance
what is PCWP - ANSWER same as pAWP
left heart preload is also called - ANSWER left ventricular end diastolic pressure LVEDP
what is CI - ANSWER same as CO
