AHA PALS KNOWLEDGE TEST EXAM Questions
with 100% Correct Answers Latest Update
2025 GRADED A+
What are a baby's transitions towards mobility?
Extend head in prone, legs take load
What is the order of sitting for a baby?
Supported sitting, propped sitting, independent sitting
What is the difference between crawling and creeping?
Crawling is commando crawling, creeping is typical 'crawling'
What are ACEs?
Adverse childhood experience, traumatic events that alter brain
structure/function
What are some ACE examples?
Physical, emotional, sexual, divorce, abuse, violence, substance
abuse, mental illness etc
What are ACEs such as emotional neglect and physical abuse
associated with?
Smaller amygdala (fear response, emotions)
What are ACEs such as PTSD, depression and emotional neglect
associated with?
Smaller hippocampus (memories, emotional response)
pg. 1
,What are ACEs such as maltreatment-related PTSD associated with?
Smaller prefrontal cortex (planning, personality, decisions,
social) and cerebellum (voluntary movements, speech, balance)
What is trauma-informed care?
Organisational approach to acknowledge trauma etc
What are the 6 principles of trauma informed care?
Safety, trustworthiness/transparency, peer support,
collaboration/mutuality, empowerment/voice/choice,
cultural/historical/gender issues
What are the 6 ICF components?
Body function/structure, health condition, participation, activity,
environmental factors, personal factors
What Dahlgren-Whitehead model factors are focussed on in this
course?
Social and community networks, individual lifestyle factors
What are the 6 F-words of child development?
Functioning, family, fitness, fun, friends, future
What is the ATNR reflex?
Asymmetrical tonic neck/fencing reflex; flexion of arm and
extension of arm on face side
pg. 2
,What is the rooting reflex?
Find food, moves head towards what is tickling face
What is the grasping reflex?
Thumb in palm, grasp, also with feet
What is the galant reflex?
Trunk incurvation reflex, hold in prone, stroke spine, hips shift
towards side of stroke
What is the moro reflex?
Drop from semi-reclined supine, arms extend, then come back
in, then cry
What is the standing and stepping reflex?
Hold touching ground with feet, will bare weight
On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of newborn - 3 months?
Lifts head in prone, pushes up on arms, hands to mouth, moves
arms/legs when excited, standing and stepping integrated, rooting
integrated
On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of 3-6 months?
Rolls prone to supine/opposite, sits propped, stands supported,
reaches for toys/feet, moro integrated, galant integrated, ATN
integrated
pg. 3
, On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of 6-12 months?
Sits independently, moves from prone/supine to sitting,
commando crawls, creeps, cruises furniture, stands then steps
independently, claps
On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of 1-5 years?
Walks independently/rarely falls/squats, ascends/descends
stairs, runs, kick/catches/throws ball, jumps, rides tricyle
On the FINE MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order of
newborn - 3 months?
Recognises hand, fists open and close
On the FINE MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order of
3-6 months?
Ulnar palmar grasp, hands to midline, pass object between hand
On the FINE MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order of
6-12 months?
Radial palmar grasp (w/thumb), scissor grasp (lateral pincer),
voluntary release, inferior pincer (pads), superior pincer (pinch),
differentiated bimanual movement, grasping reflex (palmar and
plantar) integrated
pg. 4
with 100% Correct Answers Latest Update
2025 GRADED A+
What are a baby's transitions towards mobility?
Extend head in prone, legs take load
What is the order of sitting for a baby?
Supported sitting, propped sitting, independent sitting
What is the difference between crawling and creeping?
Crawling is commando crawling, creeping is typical 'crawling'
What are ACEs?
Adverse childhood experience, traumatic events that alter brain
structure/function
What are some ACE examples?
Physical, emotional, sexual, divorce, abuse, violence, substance
abuse, mental illness etc
What are ACEs such as emotional neglect and physical abuse
associated with?
Smaller amygdala (fear response, emotions)
What are ACEs such as PTSD, depression and emotional neglect
associated with?
Smaller hippocampus (memories, emotional response)
pg. 1
,What are ACEs such as maltreatment-related PTSD associated with?
Smaller prefrontal cortex (planning, personality, decisions,
social) and cerebellum (voluntary movements, speech, balance)
What is trauma-informed care?
Organisational approach to acknowledge trauma etc
What are the 6 principles of trauma informed care?
Safety, trustworthiness/transparency, peer support,
collaboration/mutuality, empowerment/voice/choice,
cultural/historical/gender issues
What are the 6 ICF components?
Body function/structure, health condition, participation, activity,
environmental factors, personal factors
What Dahlgren-Whitehead model factors are focussed on in this
course?
Social and community networks, individual lifestyle factors
What are the 6 F-words of child development?
Functioning, family, fitness, fun, friends, future
What is the ATNR reflex?
Asymmetrical tonic neck/fencing reflex; flexion of arm and
extension of arm on face side
pg. 2
,What is the rooting reflex?
Find food, moves head towards what is tickling face
What is the grasping reflex?
Thumb in palm, grasp, also with feet
What is the galant reflex?
Trunk incurvation reflex, hold in prone, stroke spine, hips shift
towards side of stroke
What is the moro reflex?
Drop from semi-reclined supine, arms extend, then come back
in, then cry
What is the standing and stepping reflex?
Hold touching ground with feet, will bare weight
On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of newborn - 3 months?
Lifts head in prone, pushes up on arms, hands to mouth, moves
arms/legs when excited, standing and stepping integrated, rooting
integrated
On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of 3-6 months?
Rolls prone to supine/opposite, sits propped, stands supported,
reaches for toys/feet, moro integrated, galant integrated, ATN
integrated
pg. 3
, On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of 6-12 months?
Sits independently, moves from prone/supine to sitting,
commando crawls, creeps, cruises furniture, stands then steps
independently, claps
On the GROSS MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order
of 1-5 years?
Walks independently/rarely falls/squats, ascends/descends
stairs, runs, kick/catches/throws ball, jumps, rides tricyle
On the FINE MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order of
newborn - 3 months?
Recognises hand, fists open and close
On the FINE MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order of
3-6 months?
Ulnar palmar grasp, hands to midline, pass object between hand
On the FINE MOTOR child development timeline, what is the order of
6-12 months?
Radial palmar grasp (w/thumb), scissor grasp (lateral pincer),
voluntary release, inferior pincer (pads), superior pincer (pinch),
differentiated bimanual movement, grasping reflex (palmar and
plantar) integrated
pg. 4
