PN Midterm Exam 2..docx

PN Midterm Exam 2.
what condition is produced by enlarged adenoids? - ANS >> Noisy breathing
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What intervention should you perform when caring for a patient with epistaxis - ANS >> apply direct
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continuous pressure
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what is a cardinal sign of lung cancer - ANS >> mucopurulent sputum
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A diagnosis of smoke inhalation is at increased risk for what - ANS >> acute respiratory distress
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syndrome
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How to care for a patient during an acute asthma attack - ANS >> administer bronchodilator as
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ordered
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Hypovolemic shock - ANS >> occurs when blood volume drops
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cariogenic shock - ANS >> occurs with diminished heart function
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neurogenic shock - ANS >> occurs with nervous system problem
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Long standing change of rheumatic heart disease - ANS >> valvular changes
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lymphoma is a group of cancers that affect which system - ANS >> lymphatic system
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lymphangitis may result in what - ANS >> red streaks that follow the course of the lymph channels
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what is a common method used to promote lymphatic drainage and prevent edema in lymphedema -
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ANS >> elevate the affected part of the body
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a large amount of edema post mastectomy is due to - ANS >> an accumulation of lymphatic fluid that
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results from impaired lymph circulation
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a patient with hypovolemic anemia may experience - ANS >> postural hypotension
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coagulopathies - ANS >> bleeding disorders that involve platelets or clotting factors
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an early sign of impeding heart failure - ANS >> the presence of an S3 sound
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atherosclerosis will result in - ANS >> fatty deposits in the lumen of the arteries
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it is appropriate to treat atrial fibrillation with a pacemaker - ANS >> false
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what is blood pressure - ANS >> the force produced by the volume of blood inaiterial walls
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normal PH of blood - ANS >> 7.35-7.45
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PH greater than 7 - ANS >> base (alkaline)
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, PH less than 7 - ANS >> Acid
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an appreciable decrease in respirations may in time produce - ANS >> acidosis
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an excessive increase in respirations may in time produce - ANS >> alkalosis
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What is respiratory acidosis? - ANS >> carbonic acid (H2CO3) excess
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What is respiratory alkalosis? - ANS >> carbonic acid (H2CO3) deficit
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What is metabolic acidosis? - ANS >> bicarbonate (NaHCO3) deficit
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What is metabolic alkalosis? - ANS >> bicarbonate (NaHCO3) excess
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metabolic disturbances affect what in the blood? - ANS >> bicarbonate (NaHCO3)
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respiratory disturbances affect what in the blood? - ANS >> carbonic acid (H2CO3)
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fluid imbalances: dehydration - ANS >> loss of body fluids = increased concentration of solutes in
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Cblood & rise in serum Na+
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fluid shifts out of cells & into blood to restore balance, causing cells to shrink & not function properly
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fluid imbalances: hypovolemia - ANS >> Excessive fluid loss (hemorrhage)
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can progress to hypovolemic shock
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isotonic fluid loss from extracellular space (third space fluid shifting)
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fluid imbalances: hypervolemia - ANS >> Excess fluid in extracellular as a result of fluid or sodium
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Cretention, excessive intake, or renal failure
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occurs when comp mechanisms fail to restore fluid balance
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leads to CHF & pulmonary edema
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fluid imbalances: water intoxication - ANS >> hypotonic extracellular fluid shifts into cells to attempt to
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Crestore balance C C




cells swell C




normal carbonic acid (PaCo2) range - ANS >> 45-35
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normal bicarbonate (HcO3) range - ANS >> 22-26
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sodium range - ANS >> 135-145 mEq/L
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potassium range - ANS >> 3.5-5 mEq/LC C C C C C




Magnesium range - ANS >> 1.5-2.5 mEq/L C C C C C C




calcium range - ANS >> 8.9-10.1 mg/dL
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Phosphorus range - ANS >> 2.5-4.5 mg/dL C C C C C C