TEFL Certification: Unit 5
1. 8 parts of speech:
verbs
nouns
adverbs
conjunctions
determiners
prepositions
pronouns
adjectives
2. Word classes have two groups:: major lexical (or open) minor or
grammatical (closed)
3. 4 word classes for major/lexical word class:: verb noun adj adv
4. Why are major lexical groups considered open?: new words can be added
to the group.
5. 4 minor word classes: conjunctions determiner preposition pronoun
6. Why are minor/grammatical called such?: they perform grammatical
functions such as relating expressions to each other.
7. Why are minor/grammatical considered closed?: because no new words
can be added
8. Verb: word or phrase that describes an action, condition, or experience.
9. Noun: that refers to a person, place, thing, occurrence, quality or substance
10. Adjective: a word that describes a noun or pronoun
11. Adverb: word that describes or gives more information about a verb, adj, or
phrase
12. Conjunction: word such as and but while or although that connects words,
phrases, and clauses in a sentence.
13. Determiner: In grammer, this is a word that is used before a noun to show
which particular example of the noun we are referring to.
14. Preposition: used before a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun, connecting it
to another word.
15. Pronoun: used instead of a noun or noun phrase (a group of words built upon
a single noun.)
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16. Tense: the absolute location of an event or action in time, either the present or
the past.
17. Inflection: the name for the extra letter or letters added to nouns, verbs, and
adj in their different grammatical forms
18. Present simple: showing whether an action or condition occurs
19. Past simple: showing whether an action or condition occured
20. Future simple: showing whether an action or condition will occur
21. Present perfect: showing whether an action or condition has occurd
22. Past perfect: showing whether an action or condition had occurred
23. future perfect: showing whether an action or condition will have occurred
24. What is added to the stem of a word in present simple tense?: 's' to the
3rd person singular he/she/it likeS
25. In past simple tense how is the verb conjugated?: you ad 'ed' to the verb
stem in all forms
26. Present continuous: showing whether a continuous action or condition is
occurring in the present
27. Past continuous: showing whether a continuous action or condition was
occurring in the past
28. Future continuous: showing whether a continuous action or condition will be
occurring in the future
29. Present perfect continuous: showing whether a continuous action or
condition has been occurring relative to the past
30. Future perfect continuous: showing whether a continuous action or
condition will have been occurring relative to the future
31. How is simple future tense conjugated?: adding -ing to the verb stem
32. How is present perfect tense conjugated?: adding have verb+ed
33. Past perfect tense conjugation:: had and past participle of the main verb
had failed
34. Future perfect tense conjugation:: will have followed by the past participle
will have finished
35. Present continuous tense (present progressive) conjugation:: using the
present tense of the verb be and the present participle of the main ver
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1. 8 parts of speech:
verbs
nouns
adverbs
conjunctions
determiners
prepositions
pronouns
adjectives
2. Word classes have two groups:: major lexical (or open) minor or
grammatical (closed)
3. 4 word classes for major/lexical word class:: verb noun adj adv
4. Why are major lexical groups considered open?: new words can be added
to the group.
5. 4 minor word classes: conjunctions determiner preposition pronoun
6. Why are minor/grammatical called such?: they perform grammatical
functions such as relating expressions to each other.
7. Why are minor/grammatical considered closed?: because no new words
can be added
8. Verb: word or phrase that describes an action, condition, or experience.
9. Noun: that refers to a person, place, thing, occurrence, quality or substance
10. Adjective: a word that describes a noun or pronoun
11. Adverb: word that describes or gives more information about a verb, adj, or
phrase
12. Conjunction: word such as and but while or although that connects words,
phrases, and clauses in a sentence.
13. Determiner: In grammer, this is a word that is used before a noun to show
which particular example of the noun we are referring to.
14. Preposition: used before a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun, connecting it
to another word.
15. Pronoun: used instead of a noun or noun phrase (a group of words built upon
a single noun.)
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, TEFL Certification: Unit 5
16. Tense: the absolute location of an event or action in time, either the present or
the past.
17. Inflection: the name for the extra letter or letters added to nouns, verbs, and
adj in their different grammatical forms
18. Present simple: showing whether an action or condition occurs
19. Past simple: showing whether an action or condition occured
20. Future simple: showing whether an action or condition will occur
21. Present perfect: showing whether an action or condition has occurd
22. Past perfect: showing whether an action or condition had occurred
23. future perfect: showing whether an action or condition will have occurred
24. What is added to the stem of a word in present simple tense?: 's' to the
3rd person singular he/she/it likeS
25. In past simple tense how is the verb conjugated?: you ad 'ed' to the verb
stem in all forms
26. Present continuous: showing whether a continuous action or condition is
occurring in the present
27. Past continuous: showing whether a continuous action or condition was
occurring in the past
28. Future continuous: showing whether a continuous action or condition will be
occurring in the future
29. Present perfect continuous: showing whether a continuous action or
condition has been occurring relative to the past
30. Future perfect continuous: showing whether a continuous action or
condition will have been occurring relative to the future
31. How is simple future tense conjugated?: adding -ing to the verb stem
32. How is present perfect tense conjugated?: adding have verb+ed
33. Past perfect tense conjugation:: had and past participle of the main verb
had failed
34. Future perfect tense conjugation:: will have followed by the past participle
will have finished
35. Present continuous tense (present progressive) conjugation:: using the
present tense of the verb be and the present participle of the main ver
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