IMED1004 Study Guide + Questions with 100%
Correct Solutions
Now: Cardiovascular Disease.
Then: Influenza and Pneumonia. - ANSWER Leading cause of death now vs 1900:
By age:
- 0-44: Mental health conditions.
45-64+: Cardiovascular disease
By sex:
- Males: Cardiovascular disease
- Females: Mental health conditions.
Overall: CVD, MHC, back pain and arthritis. - ANSWER What are the most common
chronic diseases?
1796- The creation of the first vaccination (Louis Pasteur)- smallpox vaccination.
1847- Ignaz Semmelweis advocates the importance of good hygiene in restricting the
spread of infectious diseases in medical practices.
1928- Discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming- the world's first antibiotic played a
huge role in combatting previously fatal bacterial infections. - ANSWER 3 Health and
Medical Milestones
,1. Coronary Heart Disease.
2. Lung Cancer.
3. Other Musculoskeletal.
4. Suicide.
5. Back Pain.
6. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease.
7. Stroke.
8. Diabetes.
9. Anxiety Disorders.
10. Dementia. - ANSWER Top 10 Leading Non-communicable diseases in Australia
Coronary Heart Disease:
Narrowing of the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart and leading to
ischaemia of cardiac muscle tissue. Most common symptom is angina. - ANSWER Talk
about one in detail:
Behavioural: - Tobacco smoking.
- Physical inactivity.
- Risky alcohol consumption.
- Poor diet.
Biomedical: - Obesity.
- Hypertension.
- High blood fats. - ANSWER Behavioural and Biomedical Risk Factors:
- Biological: Birth weight, body weight, blood pressure & cholesterol etc.
, - Sociocultural: Social determinants that influence other health determinants.
- Economic: The 20% of Australians living in the lowest socioeconomic areas in 2014/15
were 1.6* more likely as the highest 20% to have at least 2 chronic health conditions.
- Political: Legislature can influence living conditions.
- Behavioural: Smoking, alcohol consumption, etc.
- Environmental: High air pollution can cause lung cancer.
- Access to health care: Rural populations with decreased access to health care are less
likely to make the effort to seek primary care following unstable angina, etc.
- Quality of health care: Populations are less likely to seek healthcare if it is expensive or
if the medical professionals are arrogant/rude. - ANSWER Determinants of Health,
disease, and injury- and how they relate to and impact the health of individuals and
populations.
Provides a structure for reporting on the performance of the Australian health system at
the national level- covering health status, determinants of health and health system
performance. - ANSWER What is the National Health and Performance Framework?
- Primary Health Care: Local GPs that are able to refer patients to specialists.
- Secondary Care: Specialists that admit patients to hospitals and prescribe specific
treatment.
- Hospitals- Public and Private, sometimes called 'tertiary care'. - ANSWER The main
types of services in the Australian healthcare system:
- Cardiovascular: mostly hospital admitted patient services.
- Oral health. - ANSWER 2 examples of disease groups that attract the most spending.
- Best research evidence: Valid/clinically relevant research.
- Clinical Expertise: Ability to use clinical skills & past experience.
Correct Solutions
Now: Cardiovascular Disease.
Then: Influenza and Pneumonia. - ANSWER Leading cause of death now vs 1900:
By age:
- 0-44: Mental health conditions.
45-64+: Cardiovascular disease
By sex:
- Males: Cardiovascular disease
- Females: Mental health conditions.
Overall: CVD, MHC, back pain and arthritis. - ANSWER What are the most common
chronic diseases?
1796- The creation of the first vaccination (Louis Pasteur)- smallpox vaccination.
1847- Ignaz Semmelweis advocates the importance of good hygiene in restricting the
spread of infectious diseases in medical practices.
1928- Discovery of penicillin by Alexander Fleming- the world's first antibiotic played a
huge role in combatting previously fatal bacterial infections. - ANSWER 3 Health and
Medical Milestones
,1. Coronary Heart Disease.
2. Lung Cancer.
3. Other Musculoskeletal.
4. Suicide.
5. Back Pain.
6. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease.
7. Stroke.
8. Diabetes.
9. Anxiety Disorders.
10. Dementia. - ANSWER Top 10 Leading Non-communicable diseases in Australia
Coronary Heart Disease:
Narrowing of the coronary arteries, reducing blood flow to the heart and leading to
ischaemia of cardiac muscle tissue. Most common symptom is angina. - ANSWER Talk
about one in detail:
Behavioural: - Tobacco smoking.
- Physical inactivity.
- Risky alcohol consumption.
- Poor diet.
Biomedical: - Obesity.
- Hypertension.
- High blood fats. - ANSWER Behavioural and Biomedical Risk Factors:
- Biological: Birth weight, body weight, blood pressure & cholesterol etc.
, - Sociocultural: Social determinants that influence other health determinants.
- Economic: The 20% of Australians living in the lowest socioeconomic areas in 2014/15
were 1.6* more likely as the highest 20% to have at least 2 chronic health conditions.
- Political: Legislature can influence living conditions.
- Behavioural: Smoking, alcohol consumption, etc.
- Environmental: High air pollution can cause lung cancer.
- Access to health care: Rural populations with decreased access to health care are less
likely to make the effort to seek primary care following unstable angina, etc.
- Quality of health care: Populations are less likely to seek healthcare if it is expensive or
if the medical professionals are arrogant/rude. - ANSWER Determinants of Health,
disease, and injury- and how they relate to and impact the health of individuals and
populations.
Provides a structure for reporting on the performance of the Australian health system at
the national level- covering health status, determinants of health and health system
performance. - ANSWER What is the National Health and Performance Framework?
- Primary Health Care: Local GPs that are able to refer patients to specialists.
- Secondary Care: Specialists that admit patients to hospitals and prescribe specific
treatment.
- Hospitals- Public and Private, sometimes called 'tertiary care'. - ANSWER The main
types of services in the Australian healthcare system:
- Cardiovascular: mostly hospital admitted patient services.
- Oral health. - ANSWER 2 examples of disease groups that attract the most spending.
- Best research evidence: Valid/clinically relevant research.
- Clinical Expertise: Ability to use clinical skills & past experience.
