NASM CPR-ASTI Midterm Exam 2025/2026 – (Graded A+)
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Nervous System - Communication Network within the body
Central Nervous System (CNS) - Brain and spinal cord; coordinates activity of the body
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - Nerves connecting the CNS to the rest of the body and
environment
Peripheral Nervous System Subdivisions - Somatic and Autonomic
Somatic - Serves outer areas of the body and skeletal muscle; voluntary
Autonomic - involuntary systems (e.g., heart, digestion)
Autonomic Subdivisions - Parasympathetic and Sympathetic
Parasympathetic - decreases activation during rest and recovery
Sympathetic - increases activation to prep for activity
Neuron - Functional unit of the nervous system
Motor (efferent) neurons - transmit nerve impulses from CNS to effector sites
Sensory (afferent) neurons - respond to stimuli; transmit nerve impulses from effector sites to CNS
Mechanoreceptors - sense distortion in body tissues
Joint receptors - respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration of joints
, Golgi tendon organs (GTO) - Sense changes in muscular tension
Muscle spindles - sense changes in muscle length
The Muscular System - tons of things
Tendons - Connect muscle to bone; provide anchor for muscles to produce force
Fascia - Outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle
Fascicles - bundle of individual muscle fibers
Muscle fiber - Cellular components and myofibrils encased in a plasma membrane
Sarcomere - Produces muscular contraction; repeating sections of actin and myosin
Sliding filament theory - thick and thin filaments that slide past one another, shortening the entire
sarcomere
Type I (slow twitch) muscle tissue - smaller size; fatigue slowly
Type II (fast twitch) muscle tissue - larger size; quick to produce maximal tension; fatigue quickly
Motor Unit - One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with
Neural Activation - Contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation
Neurotransmitters - Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle
Local Stabilization System - Attach directly to vertebrae
Pass with Confidence Using 100% Verified Answers!
Nervous System - Communication Network within the body
Central Nervous System (CNS) - Brain and spinal cord; coordinates activity of the body
Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) - Nerves connecting the CNS to the rest of the body and
environment
Peripheral Nervous System Subdivisions - Somatic and Autonomic
Somatic - Serves outer areas of the body and skeletal muscle; voluntary
Autonomic - involuntary systems (e.g., heart, digestion)
Autonomic Subdivisions - Parasympathetic and Sympathetic
Parasympathetic - decreases activation during rest and recovery
Sympathetic - increases activation to prep for activity
Neuron - Functional unit of the nervous system
Motor (efferent) neurons - transmit nerve impulses from CNS to effector sites
Sensory (afferent) neurons - respond to stimuli; transmit nerve impulses from effector sites to CNS
Mechanoreceptors - sense distortion in body tissues
Joint receptors - respond to pressure, acceleration, and deceleration of joints
, Golgi tendon organs (GTO) - Sense changes in muscular tension
Muscle spindles - sense changes in muscle length
The Muscular System - tons of things
Tendons - Connect muscle to bone; provide anchor for muscles to produce force
Fascia - Outer layer of connective tissue surrounding a muscle
Fascicles - bundle of individual muscle fibers
Muscle fiber - Cellular components and myofibrils encased in a plasma membrane
Sarcomere - Produces muscular contraction; repeating sections of actin and myosin
Sliding filament theory - thick and thin filaments that slide past one another, shortening the entire
sarcomere
Type I (slow twitch) muscle tissue - smaller size; fatigue slowly
Type II (fast twitch) muscle tissue - larger size; quick to produce maximal tension; fatigue quickly
Motor Unit - One motor neuron and the muscle fibers it connects with
Neural Activation - Contraction of a muscle generated by neural stimulation
Neurotransmitters - Chemical messengers that transport impulses from nerve to muscle
Local Stabilization System - Attach directly to vertebrae
