BI 121 Exam Study Material with Complete
Solutions
4 tissue types - ANSWER epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
Epithelial - ANSWER made up on the wall of the stomach, forms the inner lining that
provides protective coating
Connective tissues - ANSWER (binds cells and other tissues together) two basic
components: cells and varying amounts of extracellular materials, such as fiber
Endocrine glands - ANSWER hormones, glands that break off completely during embryo
development; released inside the blood vessels inside the gland which is transported
throughout body in bloodstream ; system that produces HORMONES
hormones that are chemical substances produced by these glands, released in the
blood, hormones travel to distant sites where they cause some kind of change
Loose connective tissue - ANSWER loosely knit mesh of fibers and cells; serves as
packing material around cells; FAT CELLS is an example
Dense fibrous connective tissues - ANSWER densely packed fibers, found in tendons and
ligaments
Ligaments - ANSWER structures that reinforce joints; join bone to bone at joints
Tendons - ANSWER dense connective tissue; connects muscle to the bones of the body;
when muscle contracts, its tendon pulls on the bone, causing movement
, Cartilage - ANSWER tip of nose, ears, end of bones, has no blood vessels and must be
nourished by nutrients that comes from blood vessels surrounding this tissue
cushion between bones
Bone - ANSWER dynamic, living tissue that forms the internal framework of our bodies-
skeleton; provides protection to internal organs (brain, heart, lungs); calcium reserve-
required to reduce blood clotting
Smooth muscle - ANSWER alone or in small groups, arranged in sheets in the walls of
organs (stomach and intestines)
Nervous tissue - ANSWER consists of nerve cells, or neurons that respond to stimuli such
as pain or temperature
Organs - ANSWER structures in the body that perform specific functions
Organ systems - ANSWER organs with similar functions
Homeostasis - ANSWER essential for maintaining internal conditions vital to the survival
of cells, tissues, organs and our own survival
-state of relative internal constancy
when homeostasis is altered, we become sick
It requires a healthy, clean environment
Environmental factors such as pollution, affect the function of cells and organ systems
Negative feedback - ANSWER trying to get something back to the target temperature
Solutions
4 tissue types - ANSWER epithelial, connective, muscle and nervous
Epithelial - ANSWER made up on the wall of the stomach, forms the inner lining that
provides protective coating
Connective tissues - ANSWER (binds cells and other tissues together) two basic
components: cells and varying amounts of extracellular materials, such as fiber
Endocrine glands - ANSWER hormones, glands that break off completely during embryo
development; released inside the blood vessels inside the gland which is transported
throughout body in bloodstream ; system that produces HORMONES
hormones that are chemical substances produced by these glands, released in the
blood, hormones travel to distant sites where they cause some kind of change
Loose connective tissue - ANSWER loosely knit mesh of fibers and cells; serves as
packing material around cells; FAT CELLS is an example
Dense fibrous connective tissues - ANSWER densely packed fibers, found in tendons and
ligaments
Ligaments - ANSWER structures that reinforce joints; join bone to bone at joints
Tendons - ANSWER dense connective tissue; connects muscle to the bones of the body;
when muscle contracts, its tendon pulls on the bone, causing movement
, Cartilage - ANSWER tip of nose, ears, end of bones, has no blood vessels and must be
nourished by nutrients that comes from blood vessels surrounding this tissue
cushion between bones
Bone - ANSWER dynamic, living tissue that forms the internal framework of our bodies-
skeleton; provides protection to internal organs (brain, heart, lungs); calcium reserve-
required to reduce blood clotting
Smooth muscle - ANSWER alone or in small groups, arranged in sheets in the walls of
organs (stomach and intestines)
Nervous tissue - ANSWER consists of nerve cells, or neurons that respond to stimuli such
as pain or temperature
Organs - ANSWER structures in the body that perform specific functions
Organ systems - ANSWER organs with similar functions
Homeostasis - ANSWER essential for maintaining internal conditions vital to the survival
of cells, tissues, organs and our own survival
-state of relative internal constancy
when homeostasis is altered, we become sick
It requires a healthy, clean environment
Environmental factors such as pollution, affect the function of cells and organ systems
Negative feedback - ANSWER trying to get something back to the target temperature
