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Georgia History: Overview - ✔✔Georgia was the last of the thirteen colonies to be
founded. Its formation came a half century after the twelfth British colony.Georgia was
the only colony founded and ruled by a Board of Trustees, which was based in London.
Mississippian Period: Overview - ✔✔(A.D. 800-1600), complex native cultures,
organized as chiefdoms, emerged and developed lifeways in response to the particular
features of their physical surroundings.
Chiefdoms - ✔✔a specific kind of human social organization with social ranking as a
fundamental part of their structure. In ranked societies people belonged to one of two
groupings, elites or commoners.
Difference between elites and commoners in chiefdoms - ✔✔rested more on ideological
and religious beliefs than on such things as wealth or military power.
Purpose of mounds in Mississippian culture - ✔✔capitals of chiefdoms, platforms for
buildings, as stages for religious and social activities, and as cemeteries.
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,Hernando de Soto - ✔✔The first European to explore the interior of what is now the
state of Georgia
discovered the true way the Indians lived, but devastated their societies with the plague
and small pox
Spanish Missions - ✔✔the primary means by which Georgia's chiefdoms were
assimilated into the Spanish colonial system
five friars were murdered in the Guale rebellion of 1597, northern missions were
abandoned completely until 1604.
James Oglethorpe (1696-1785) - ✔✔Conceived of and implemented his plan to establish
the colony of Georgia.
Yamacraw Indians - ✔✔a small band that existed from the late 1720s to the mid-1740s in
the Savannah area. First led by Tomochichi and then by his nephew and heir
Toonahowi, they consisted of about 200 people and contained a mix of Lower Creeks
and Yamasees.
Malcontents - ✔✔Among those to voice displeasure with the policies of General James
Oglethorpe and the Georgia Trustees during the early years of Georgia's settlement.
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, Lead by:
Patrick Tailfer
Thomas Stephens.
Tomochichi - ✔✔chief of the Yamacraw Indians, principal mediator between the native
population and the new English settlers during the first years of settlement
Royal Georgia - ✔✔The period between the termination of Trustee governance of
Georgia and the colony's declaration of independence at the beginning of the American
Revolution
Battle of Bloody Marsh - ✔✔This event was the only Spanish attempt to invade Georgia
during the War of Jenkins' Ear, and it resulted in a significant ENGLISH VICTORY.
English and Spanish forces skirmished on St. Simons Island
James Wright - ✔✔The third and LAST royal governor of Georgia. Played a key role in
retarding the flame of revolution in Georgia long after it had flared violently in every
other colony.
Salzburgers - ✔✔a group of German-speaking Protestant colonists, founded the town of
Ebenezer in what is now Effingham County.
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