TEST BANK
EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVEELOPMENT: A MULTICULTURAL
PERSPECTIVE
, Test Bank
Early Childhood Development
A Multicultural Perspective
8th Edition
Jeffrey Trawick-Smith
, Table Of Contents
Chapter 1: Studying Early Childhood Development In A Diverse World
Learning Outcome Quizzes 1
Application Exercises 12
Test Items 14
Test Answer Key 23
,Chapter 1: Studying Early Childhood Development In A
Diverse World
Chapter 1 Learning Outcome Quizzes
Learning Outcome 1.1: Define Early Childhood Development And Explain How
Qualitative Development Is Different From Quantitative Development.
[Q1]
According To The Textbook, Which Of The Following Statements Best Defines Early
Childhood Development?
1. The Increase In Knowledge And Number Of Skills Of Young Children Over The First 5
Years Of Life
2. The Process Of Qualitative And Quantitative Changes In Children From Birth To Age 8 [Correct]
3. The Increase In Sensorimotor Intelligence Between Ages 3 And 9
4. The Fixed Order Of Acquiring Skills And Knowledge At Each Age From Birth To Age 7
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
This Statement Suggests That Children Simply Acquire Greater Knowledge And Abilities As
They Age—A Purely Quantitative View—And Does Not Address Qualitative Changes. Also,
Early Childhood Is Defined As Birth To Age 8 In The Book.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
Children Do Not Simply Become Larger Or Obtain More Knowledge As They Develop. As They
Develop, They Become Qualitatively Different People, Thinking And Behaving In Uniquely
Different Ways.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
This Statement Addresses Only One Kind Of Intelligence That Occurs In Infancy. It Does Not
Include Other Domains, Such As Physical Or Social Development, Or Types Of Thinking That
Appear After Infancy.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
This Statement Suggests That All Children Will Acquire Skills Or Knowledge In A Fixed Order,
Which Is Not Always The Case.
[Q2]
Which Of The Following Is The Best Example Of A Child Becoming A Qualitatively, Not Just
Quantitatively, Different Person With Development?
1. A Child Overcomes Fears By Having A Deeper Understanding Of The World. [Correct]
2. A Child Acquires More Mathematical Skills And Concepts.
3. A Child Forms A Wider Network Of Friendships And Acquaintances.
4. A Child Becomes Attached To Multiple Caregivers, Including Teachers And Parents.
1
,[Feedback For Correct Answer 1]
In Development, A Child Does Not Simply Acquire More Experience Or Knowledge About
Things That Are Frightening; The Child Can Now Interpret And Apply His Or Her Knowledge To
Overcome These Fears.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
This Statement Implies That In Development Children Simply Learn More Of Something—In This
Case, More Skills Or Knowledge. It Does Not Recognize That Children Think And Solve
Problems Completely Differently. They Can Apply And Refine Skills And Knowledge In New
Ways As They Develop.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
This Answer Is Focused On Quantitative Changes In Development—Simply Making More Friends
And Acquaintances. It Does Not Address How The Nature Of Friendships Or The Child’s
Knowledge Or Social Behaviors Change With Development.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
This Answer Suggests That Attachment To Caregivers Is Simply The Process Of Becoming
Attached To More People—A Purely Quantitative View Of This Aspect Of Development. It Does
Not Address How The Quality Of These Relationships Changes With Development.
[Q3]
Which Of The Following Examples Relates Most Specifically To Quantitative Change In A
Child’s Development?
1. Grayson Has A Strategy For Figuring Out Which Bowl Is Bigger Than The Others
2. Grayson Stopped Being Egocentric And Taking Toys Away From Others
3. Grayson Grew Two Inches In The Past Six Months [Correct]
4. Grayson Now Asks For Milk Rather Than Crying For It
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Grayson’s Development Of A Strategy For Figuring Out Which Bowl Is Biggest Is An
Example Of Qualitative Change.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Grayson’s Change In Showing Less Egocentrism Is An Example Of Qualitative Change.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
Grayson’s Growth In Height Represents Quantitative Change.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Grayson’s Developmental Change From Crying For Milk To Asking For It Represents
Qualitative Change.
[Q4]
The Definition Of Child Development Includes Which Of The Following?
2
,1. Process Of Complying
2. Process Of Conforming
3. Process Of Uniformity
4. Process Of Transforming [Correct]
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes Rather Than Complying With Any
Rules Or Expectations.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes Rather Than Conformity.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes Rather Than Uniformity.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 4]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes And The Process Of
Transforming And Becoming Completely New.
Learning Outcome 1.2: Give Examples Of How Views And Treatment Of Children Have
Changed Over Time And Across Historically Underrepresented And Western Cultural Groups.
[Q1]
Considering How Views Of Childhood Have Changed, The Perspectives Of What Group Are
Overrepresented?
1. Black American Cultures
2. Eastern Chinese Cultures
3. Western White Cultures [Correct]
4. Native American Cultures
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Beliefs And Attitudes About Children Of Some Cultural Groups Have Been Largely Ignored.
These Underrepresented Groups Include Black Americans.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Early Attitudes Toward Children In China And Japan Focused On Interpersonal
Harmony—A Perspective That Did Not Emerge In Europe Until Many Centuries Later.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
Many Accounts Have Been Written About How Views Of Childhood Have Changed Over The
Years. Many Of These Focus On Perspectives In Western Societies.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Child Rearing Was A Collective Endeavor In Native American Families. This View Has Been
Underrepresented.
[Q2]
3
,According To Table 1.1, Oppression Of Peoples Such As Slavery In The American South
Prior To Emancipation Has Affected Children And Families In What Way?
1. Less Regulation Of Children’s Behavior By Parents
2. Encouraging Children To Be Obedient To People In Positions Of Authority [Correct]
3. Childcare Provided Only By A Parent Or Grandparent
4. Encouraging Children To Do Their Best And Not Compete With White Children At School
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Parents Of Historically Underrepresented Groups Often Have Directly Regulated Children’s
Behavior In An Effort To Protect Them From The Dangers Of Racism And Physical Violence.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
Children Have Been Encouraged To Be Obedient And Not To “Talk Back” To Those In Authority.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
Families Who Were Of Oppressed Cultures Became More Collective In Their Thinking And
Action. Family And Nonfamily Members Banded Together, Often Pooling Resources And
Sharing Caregiving Tasks.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Some Children Of Historically Oppressed Groups Are Urged To Work Harder Than White
Children And Achieve At Very High Levels.
[Q3]
During What Period In Western Cultures Did The View Of Children Begin To Focus On
Socialization And Education Of Children?
1. 1600 To 1700
2. 1700 To 1800
3. 1800 To 1900
4. 1900 To 1950 [Correct]
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
In The 1600s Childhood Was Viewed As A Unique Developmental Period And Children Were
Viewed As “Inherently Evil.”
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
In The 1700s Childhood Was Viewed As A Unique Developmental Period And Children Were
Viewed As “Inherently Evil.”
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
In The 1800s, Children Were Often Employed And Exploited.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 4]
During The Period Of 1900 To 1950, Children Were Cared For, Protected, And Educated.
[Q4]
4
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,Of The Following Five-Year-Old Children, Who Is Experiencing A Type Of Trauma Or
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE)?
1. Karla Sometimes Argues With Her Sister And Gets Her Feelings Hurt
2. Malik Is Often Left Alone At Home And Goes To Bed Hungry [Correct]
3. Margot Is Usually Punished In Timeout When She Talks Back To Her Dad
4. Jace Fights With His Two Little Brothers Almost Every Day
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Karla’s Situation Is
Normal For Siblings And Does Not Threaten Her Well-Being.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Being Left Alone At Age
Five And Going To Bed Hungry On A Regular Basis Are Harmful.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Margot’s Punishment In
Timeout For Talking Back To Her Dad Is Normal And Not Likely To Threaten Her Well-Being.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Jace’s Situation Is
Normal For Siblings And Does Not Threaten His Well-Being.
[Q5]
What Is The Purpose Of The Children’s Defense Fund (CDF)?
1. Provide College Funds For All Children
2. Advocate For Children’s Well-Being [Correct]
3. Ensure That Children Are Never Punished
4. Offer Opportunities For Children To Excel In School
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
The CDF Is Concerned With Children’s Well-Being And Their Healthy Start In Life. It Is Not
Focused On Their Later Life Or College Level Education.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
The Children’s Defense Fund Is A National Program That Advocates For Children’s Well-Being
And Strives To Ensure That Every Child Has A Healthy Start.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
The CDF Is Concerned With Children’s Well-Being And Their Healthy Start In Life. It Does Not
Protect Against Every Punishment.
5
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
The CDF Is Concerned With Children’s Well-Being And Their Healthy Start In Life. It Is Not
Focused Specifically On Opportunities For Children To Excel In School.
Learning Outcome 1.3: Describe Ways That Knowledge Of Early Childhood Development Can
Guide Classroom Interactions, Curriculum Planning, The Identification Of Children With
Disabilities, And Understanding And Appreciating Cultural Diversity.
[Q1]
Which Of The Following Kindergarten Curriculum Plans Most Clearly Shows An Understanding
Of Child Development?
1. Children Sit Quietly In Rows And Listen To An Audio Lesson
2. Children Learn Math By Completing Worksheets Independently
3. Children Choose What And When To Learn And When To Go Outside
4. Children Interact As They Build Towers With Lego Blocks [Correct]
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Sitting Quietly And Listening Is Not The Best Way For Kindergarten Children To Learn. Rather
Than Just Listening, They Need To Be Actively Involved With Concrete Materials.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
In Kindergarten, Children Are Not Developmentally Ready To Learn Math By Working
Independently On Worksheets. They Need More Concrete Opportunities For Learning Math.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
Kindergarten Children Are Not Developmentally Ready To Make Such Decisions. They Are
Likely To Make Choices That Do Not Ensure Learning Skills And Knowledge They Need In Order
To Prepare For The Next Grade Level.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 4]
Children In Kindergarten Need To Be Active And To Interact With One Another As They Learn
And As They Play.
[Q2]
Which Of The Following Areas Of Knowledge Help Teachers And Child Care Providers
Identify Children’s Special Needs?
1. Knowing How To Entertain Children And Keep Their Interests
2. Knowing How To Interact With Shy Children And Help Them Make Friends
3. Knowing Typical Behaviors And Characteristics Of Various Developmental Levels [Correct]
4. Knowing When Children Have Mastered A Skill And Are Ready For New Learning
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
6
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Teachers And Care Providers Need To Keep Children’s Attention And Appeal To Their Interests.
This Teacher Skill Does Not Help Them Identify Children’s Special Needs.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Teachers And Care Providers Need To Help Shy Children Interact And Make Friends, But This
Skill Does Not Help Them Identify Children’s Special Needs.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
When Teachers And Care Providers Know The Typical Behaviors And Characteristics Of
Various Developmental Levels, They Are Able To Identify Exceptions—Children Who Have
Special Needs.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Teachers Need To Recognize When Children Have Mastered A Skill And Are Ready To Move
Ahead With New Learning, But This Knowledge Does Not Help Them Identify Children’s Special
Needs.
[Q3]
Ms. Kim’s Class Or Four-Year-Old Children Is Quite Diverse And Represents Children From
Four Different Countries And Many Cultural Backgrounds. How Might This Diversity Affect Her
Teaching?
1. She Needs To Teach As Though All Children Are Alike
2. She Needs To Speak The Language Of Every Child In Her Class
3. She Needs To Be Sensitive To Cultural Differences In Children’s Behaviors [Correct]
4. She Needs To Prioritize Teaching Children Who Represent The Dominant Culture
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
No Two Children Are Alike. Behaviors And Characteristics Vary Because Of Temperament,
Culture, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, And A Host Of Other Factors.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Speaking Four Different Languages In Addition To English Is Unrealistic, But The Teacher Does
Need To Try To Understand Each Child’s Behaviors.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
Knowledge Of Child Development Ultimately Helps Teachers Be Sensitive To Typical Variations
In Child Behavior. No Two Children Are Alike. Behaviors And Characteristics Vary Because Of
Temperament, Culture, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, And A Host Of Other Factors.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Teachers Need To Recognize And Appreciate Diversity Rather Than Appreciating Only The
Children Who Represent The Dominant Culture. Teachers Must Respect Every Child And Teach
Every Child.
[Q4]
Ms. Kim’s Class Or Four-Year-Old Children Is Quite Diverse And Represents Children From
Four Different Countries And Many Cultural Backgrounds. Ms. Kim Wants To Bring About
Change In Her District And Restore A Program That Provides Classes For Parents Who Do Not
7
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVEELOPMENT: A MULTICULTURAL
PERSPECTIVE
, Test Bank
Early Childhood Development
A Multicultural Perspective
8th Edition
Jeffrey Trawick-Smith
, Table Of Contents
Chapter 1: Studying Early Childhood Development In A Diverse World
Learning Outcome Quizzes 1
Application Exercises 12
Test Items 14
Test Answer Key 23
,Chapter 1: Studying Early Childhood Development In A
Diverse World
Chapter 1 Learning Outcome Quizzes
Learning Outcome 1.1: Define Early Childhood Development And Explain How
Qualitative Development Is Different From Quantitative Development.
[Q1]
According To The Textbook, Which Of The Following Statements Best Defines Early
Childhood Development?
1. The Increase In Knowledge And Number Of Skills Of Young Children Over The First 5
Years Of Life
2. The Process Of Qualitative And Quantitative Changes In Children From Birth To Age 8 [Correct]
3. The Increase In Sensorimotor Intelligence Between Ages 3 And 9
4. The Fixed Order Of Acquiring Skills And Knowledge At Each Age From Birth To Age 7
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
This Statement Suggests That Children Simply Acquire Greater Knowledge And Abilities As
They Age—A Purely Quantitative View—And Does Not Address Qualitative Changes. Also,
Early Childhood Is Defined As Birth To Age 8 In The Book.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
Children Do Not Simply Become Larger Or Obtain More Knowledge As They Develop. As They
Develop, They Become Qualitatively Different People, Thinking And Behaving In Uniquely
Different Ways.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
This Statement Addresses Only One Kind Of Intelligence That Occurs In Infancy. It Does Not
Include Other Domains, Such As Physical Or Social Development, Or Types Of Thinking That
Appear After Infancy.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
This Statement Suggests That All Children Will Acquire Skills Or Knowledge In A Fixed Order,
Which Is Not Always The Case.
[Q2]
Which Of The Following Is The Best Example Of A Child Becoming A Qualitatively, Not Just
Quantitatively, Different Person With Development?
1. A Child Overcomes Fears By Having A Deeper Understanding Of The World. [Correct]
2. A Child Acquires More Mathematical Skills And Concepts.
3. A Child Forms A Wider Network Of Friendships And Acquaintances.
4. A Child Becomes Attached To Multiple Caregivers, Including Teachers And Parents.
1
,[Feedback For Correct Answer 1]
In Development, A Child Does Not Simply Acquire More Experience Or Knowledge About
Things That Are Frightening; The Child Can Now Interpret And Apply His Or Her Knowledge To
Overcome These Fears.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
This Statement Implies That In Development Children Simply Learn More Of Something—In This
Case, More Skills Or Knowledge. It Does Not Recognize That Children Think And Solve
Problems Completely Differently. They Can Apply And Refine Skills And Knowledge In New
Ways As They Develop.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
This Answer Is Focused On Quantitative Changes In Development—Simply Making More Friends
And Acquaintances. It Does Not Address How The Nature Of Friendships Or The Child’s
Knowledge Or Social Behaviors Change With Development.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
This Answer Suggests That Attachment To Caregivers Is Simply The Process Of Becoming
Attached To More People—A Purely Quantitative View Of This Aspect Of Development. It Does
Not Address How The Quality Of These Relationships Changes With Development.
[Q3]
Which Of The Following Examples Relates Most Specifically To Quantitative Change In A
Child’s Development?
1. Grayson Has A Strategy For Figuring Out Which Bowl Is Bigger Than The Others
2. Grayson Stopped Being Egocentric And Taking Toys Away From Others
3. Grayson Grew Two Inches In The Past Six Months [Correct]
4. Grayson Now Asks For Milk Rather Than Crying For It
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Grayson’s Development Of A Strategy For Figuring Out Which Bowl Is Biggest Is An
Example Of Qualitative Change.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Grayson’s Change In Showing Less Egocentrism Is An Example Of Qualitative Change.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
Grayson’s Growth In Height Represents Quantitative Change.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Grayson’s Developmental Change From Crying For Milk To Asking For It Represents
Qualitative Change.
[Q4]
The Definition Of Child Development Includes Which Of The Following?
2
,1. Process Of Complying
2. Process Of Conforming
3. Process Of Uniformity
4. Process Of Transforming [Correct]
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes Rather Than Complying With Any
Rules Or Expectations.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes Rather Than Conformity.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes Rather Than Uniformity.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 4]
The Definition Of Child Development Relates To Changes And The Process Of
Transforming And Becoming Completely New.
Learning Outcome 1.2: Give Examples Of How Views And Treatment Of Children Have
Changed Over Time And Across Historically Underrepresented And Western Cultural Groups.
[Q1]
Considering How Views Of Childhood Have Changed, The Perspectives Of What Group Are
Overrepresented?
1. Black American Cultures
2. Eastern Chinese Cultures
3. Western White Cultures [Correct]
4. Native American Cultures
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Beliefs And Attitudes About Children Of Some Cultural Groups Have Been Largely Ignored.
These Underrepresented Groups Include Black Americans.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Early Attitudes Toward Children In China And Japan Focused On Interpersonal
Harmony—A Perspective That Did Not Emerge In Europe Until Many Centuries Later.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
Many Accounts Have Been Written About How Views Of Childhood Have Changed Over The
Years. Many Of These Focus On Perspectives In Western Societies.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Child Rearing Was A Collective Endeavor In Native American Families. This View Has Been
Underrepresented.
[Q2]
3
,According To Table 1.1, Oppression Of Peoples Such As Slavery In The American South
Prior To Emancipation Has Affected Children And Families In What Way?
1. Less Regulation Of Children’s Behavior By Parents
2. Encouraging Children To Be Obedient To People In Positions Of Authority [Correct]
3. Childcare Provided Only By A Parent Or Grandparent
4. Encouraging Children To Do Their Best And Not Compete With White Children At School
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Parents Of Historically Underrepresented Groups Often Have Directly Regulated Children’s
Behavior In An Effort To Protect Them From The Dangers Of Racism And Physical Violence.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
Children Have Been Encouraged To Be Obedient And Not To “Talk Back” To Those In Authority.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
Families Who Were Of Oppressed Cultures Became More Collective In Their Thinking And
Action. Family And Nonfamily Members Banded Together, Often Pooling Resources And
Sharing Caregiving Tasks.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Some Children Of Historically Oppressed Groups Are Urged To Work Harder Than White
Children And Achieve At Very High Levels.
[Q3]
During What Period In Western Cultures Did The View Of Children Begin To Focus On
Socialization And Education Of Children?
1. 1600 To 1700
2. 1700 To 1800
3. 1800 To 1900
4. 1900 To 1950 [Correct]
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
In The 1600s Childhood Was Viewed As A Unique Developmental Period And Children Were
Viewed As “Inherently Evil.”
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
In The 1700s Childhood Was Viewed As A Unique Developmental Period And Children Were
Viewed As “Inherently Evil.”
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
In The 1800s, Children Were Often Employed And Exploited.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 4]
During The Period Of 1900 To 1950, Children Were Cared For, Protected, And Educated.
[Q4]
4
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,Of The Following Five-Year-Old Children, Who Is Experiencing A Type Of Trauma Or
Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACE)?
1. Karla Sometimes Argues With Her Sister And Gets Her Feelings Hurt
2. Malik Is Often Left Alone At Home And Goes To Bed Hungry [Correct]
3. Margot Is Usually Punished In Timeout When She Talks Back To Her Dad
4. Jace Fights With His Two Little Brothers Almost Every Day
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Karla’s Situation Is
Normal For Siblings And Does Not Threaten Her Well-Being.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Being Left Alone At Age
Five And Going To Bed Hungry On A Regular Basis Are Harmful.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Margot’s Punishment In
Timeout For Talking Back To Her Dad Is Normal And Not Likely To Threaten Her Well-Being.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Trauma Is An Experience That Causes Actual Or Threatened Physical Or Emotional Harm And
Completely Overwhelms A Child’s Ability To Develop In A Healthy Way. Jace’s Situation Is
Normal For Siblings And Does Not Threaten His Well-Being.
[Q5]
What Is The Purpose Of The Children’s Defense Fund (CDF)?
1. Provide College Funds For All Children
2. Advocate For Children’s Well-Being [Correct]
3. Ensure That Children Are Never Punished
4. Offer Opportunities For Children To Excel In School
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
The CDF Is Concerned With Children’s Well-Being And Their Healthy Start In Life. It Is Not
Focused On Their Later Life Or College Level Education.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 2]
The Children’s Defense Fund Is A National Program That Advocates For Children’s Well-Being
And Strives To Ensure That Every Child Has A Healthy Start.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
The CDF Is Concerned With Children’s Well-Being And Their Healthy Start In Life. It Does Not
Protect Against Every Punishment.
5
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
,[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
The CDF Is Concerned With Children’s Well-Being And Their Healthy Start In Life. It Is Not
Focused Specifically On Opportunities For Children To Excel In School.
Learning Outcome 1.3: Describe Ways That Knowledge Of Early Childhood Development Can
Guide Classroom Interactions, Curriculum Planning, The Identification Of Children With
Disabilities, And Understanding And Appreciating Cultural Diversity.
[Q1]
Which Of The Following Kindergarten Curriculum Plans Most Clearly Shows An Understanding
Of Child Development?
1. Children Sit Quietly In Rows And Listen To An Audio Lesson
2. Children Learn Math By Completing Worksheets Independently
3. Children Choose What And When To Learn And When To Go Outside
4. Children Interact As They Build Towers With Lego Blocks [Correct]
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
Sitting Quietly And Listening Is Not The Best Way For Kindergarten Children To Learn. Rather
Than Just Listening, They Need To Be Actively Involved With Concrete Materials.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
In Kindergarten, Children Are Not Developmentally Ready To Learn Math By Working
Independently On Worksheets. They Need More Concrete Opportunities For Learning Math.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 3]
Kindergarten Children Are Not Developmentally Ready To Make Such Decisions. They Are
Likely To Make Choices That Do Not Ensure Learning Skills And Knowledge They Need In Order
To Prepare For The Next Grade Level.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 4]
Children In Kindergarten Need To Be Active And To Interact With One Another As They Learn
And As They Play.
[Q2]
Which Of The Following Areas Of Knowledge Help Teachers And Child Care Providers
Identify Children’s Special Needs?
1. Knowing How To Entertain Children And Keep Their Interests
2. Knowing How To Interact With Shy Children And Help Them Make Friends
3. Knowing Typical Behaviors And Characteristics Of Various Developmental Levels [Correct]
4. Knowing When Children Have Mastered A Skill And Are Ready For New Learning
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
6
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
, Teachers And Care Providers Need To Keep Children’s Attention And Appeal To Their Interests.
This Teacher Skill Does Not Help Them Identify Children’s Special Needs.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Teachers And Care Providers Need To Help Shy Children Interact And Make Friends, But This
Skill Does Not Help Them Identify Children’s Special Needs.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
When Teachers And Care Providers Know The Typical Behaviors And Characteristics Of
Various Developmental Levels, They Are Able To Identify Exceptions—Children Who Have
Special Needs.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Teachers Need To Recognize When Children Have Mastered A Skill And Are Ready To Move
Ahead With New Learning, But This Knowledge Does Not Help Them Identify Children’s Special
Needs.
[Q3]
Ms. Kim’s Class Or Four-Year-Old Children Is Quite Diverse And Represents Children From
Four Different Countries And Many Cultural Backgrounds. How Might This Diversity Affect Her
Teaching?
1. She Needs To Teach As Though All Children Are Alike
2. She Needs To Speak The Language Of Every Child In Her Class
3. She Needs To Be Sensitive To Cultural Differences In Children’s Behaviors [Correct]
4. She Needs To Prioritize Teaching Children Who Represent The Dominant Culture
[Feedback For Answer Choice 1]
No Two Children Are Alike. Behaviors And Characteristics Vary Because Of Temperament,
Culture, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, And A Host Of Other Factors.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 2]
Speaking Four Different Languages In Addition To English Is Unrealistic, But The Teacher Does
Need To Try To Understand Each Child’s Behaviors.
[Feedback For Correct Answer 3]
Knowledge Of Child Development Ultimately Helps Teachers Be Sensitive To Typical Variations
In Child Behavior. No Two Children Are Alike. Behaviors And Characteristics Vary Because Of
Temperament, Culture, Gender, Socioeconomic Status, And A Host Of Other Factors.
[Feedback For Answer Choice 4]
Teachers Need To Recognize And Appreciate Diversity Rather Than Appreciating Only The
Children Who Represent The Dominant Culture. Teachers Must Respect Every Child And Teach
Every Child.
[Q4]
Ms. Kim’s Class Or Four-Year-Old Children Is Quite Diverse And Represents Children From
Four Different Countries And Many Cultural Backgrounds. Ms. Kim Wants To Bring About
Change In Her District And Restore A Program That Provides Classes For Parents Who Do Not
7
Copyright © 2023 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
