FINAL EXAM NR568 Advanced Pharmacology for
the Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse
Practitioner actual exam question and correct
detailed answers latest 2024-2025.
Save
Terms in this set (216)
- Things to know about
each of the major
antibiotic drug classes
, 1. Classification by Susceptible Organism
Antibacterial Drugs
• Narrow Spectrum-Gram+ cocci/bacilli, Gram-
aerobes, M. tuberculosis
• Broad Spectrum-Gram+ cocci and gram- bacilli
Antiviral Drugs
• Drugs for HIV infection
• Drugs for influenza
Classification of • Other antiviral drugs-acycolvir
Antimicrobial Drugs
• There are two main Antifungal Drugs-amphotericin B; Azoles
classification schemes
2. Classification by Mechanism of Action
• Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis
• Drugs that disrupt the cell membrane
• Bactericidal inhibitors of protein synthesis
• Bacteriostatic inhibitors of protein synthesis
• Drugs that interfere with synthesis or integrity of
bacterial DNA and RNA
• Antimetabolites
• Drugs that suppress viral replication
● Aminoglycosides-gentamicin, streptomycin
● Cephalosporins-Cephalexin (Keflex)
List the 10 classes of
● Tetracyclines-tetra/doxyclycline
Antibiotics name
● Penicillins-PCN G/V, amoxicillin
examples
● Sulfonamides-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
HINT (acronym):
● Fluoroquinolones-ciprofloxacin
Abx Can Terminate Protein
● Macrolides-erythromycin, Azithromycin
Synthesis For Microbial
● Carbapenems-imipenem, meropenem
Cells Like Germs
● Lincosamides-Clindamycin
● Glycopeptides-Vancomycin
, • they have a β-lactam ring in their structure, the
penicillins are known as β-lactam antibiotic
• The β-lactam family also includes the
Other ways to organize cephalosporins, carbapenems, and aztreonam
classes of Drugs • All of the β-lactam antibiotics share the same
What is Beta Lactams? mechanism of action: disruption of the bacterial cell
wall
• they are bactericidal; bacteria must be actively
growing for them to work
Other ways to organize 1. Tetracycline
classes of Drugs 2. Macrolide
- Bacteriostatic Inhibitors 3. Clindamycin
of Protein Synthesis
include
aminoglycosides,
Other ways to organize beta-lactams,
classes of Drugs fluoroquinolones,
- Bactericidal antibiotics metronidazole,
directly kill bacteria and most antimycobacterial agents,
include streptogramins,
vancomycin.
Other ways to organize Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim & Nitrofurantoin
classes of Drugs
What are Antimetabolites?
, Broad-spectrum
- Broad-spectrum penicillins: ampicillin and others
- Extended-spectrum penicillins: piperacillin and
others
- Cephalosporins (third generation)
- Tetracyclines: tetracycline and others
- Carbapenems: imipenem and others
- Trimethoprim
- Sulfonamides: sulfisoxazole and others
- Fluoroquinolones: ciprofloxacin and others
Broad spectrum vs narrow narrow-spectrum
spectrum - Penicillin G and V
- Penicillinase-resistant penicillins: oxacillin and
nafcillin
- Vancomycin
- Erythromycin
- Clindamycin
- Aminoglycosides: gentamicin and others
- Cephalosporins (first and second generations)
- Isoniazid
- Rifampin
- Ethambutol
- Pyrazinamide
the Adult-Gerontology Primary Care Nurse
Practitioner actual exam question and correct
detailed answers latest 2024-2025.
Save
Terms in this set (216)
- Things to know about
each of the major
antibiotic drug classes
, 1. Classification by Susceptible Organism
Antibacterial Drugs
• Narrow Spectrum-Gram+ cocci/bacilli, Gram-
aerobes, M. tuberculosis
• Broad Spectrum-Gram+ cocci and gram- bacilli
Antiviral Drugs
• Drugs for HIV infection
• Drugs for influenza
Classification of • Other antiviral drugs-acycolvir
Antimicrobial Drugs
• There are two main Antifungal Drugs-amphotericin B; Azoles
classification schemes
2. Classification by Mechanism of Action
• Inhibitors of cell wall synthesis
• Drugs that disrupt the cell membrane
• Bactericidal inhibitors of protein synthesis
• Bacteriostatic inhibitors of protein synthesis
• Drugs that interfere with synthesis or integrity of
bacterial DNA and RNA
• Antimetabolites
• Drugs that suppress viral replication
● Aminoglycosides-gentamicin, streptomycin
● Cephalosporins-Cephalexin (Keflex)
List the 10 classes of
● Tetracyclines-tetra/doxyclycline
Antibiotics name
● Penicillins-PCN G/V, amoxicillin
examples
● Sulfonamides-trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole
HINT (acronym):
● Fluoroquinolones-ciprofloxacin
Abx Can Terminate Protein
● Macrolides-erythromycin, Azithromycin
Synthesis For Microbial
● Carbapenems-imipenem, meropenem
Cells Like Germs
● Lincosamides-Clindamycin
● Glycopeptides-Vancomycin
, • they have a β-lactam ring in their structure, the
penicillins are known as β-lactam antibiotic
• The β-lactam family also includes the
Other ways to organize cephalosporins, carbapenems, and aztreonam
classes of Drugs • All of the β-lactam antibiotics share the same
What is Beta Lactams? mechanism of action: disruption of the bacterial cell
wall
• they are bactericidal; bacteria must be actively
growing for them to work
Other ways to organize 1. Tetracycline
classes of Drugs 2. Macrolide
- Bacteriostatic Inhibitors 3. Clindamycin
of Protein Synthesis
include
aminoglycosides,
Other ways to organize beta-lactams,
classes of Drugs fluoroquinolones,
- Bactericidal antibiotics metronidazole,
directly kill bacteria and most antimycobacterial agents,
include streptogramins,
vancomycin.
Other ways to organize Sulfonamides, Trimethoprim & Nitrofurantoin
classes of Drugs
What are Antimetabolites?
, Broad-spectrum
- Broad-spectrum penicillins: ampicillin and others
- Extended-spectrum penicillins: piperacillin and
others
- Cephalosporins (third generation)
- Tetracyclines: tetracycline and others
- Carbapenems: imipenem and others
- Trimethoprim
- Sulfonamides: sulfisoxazole and others
- Fluoroquinolones: ciprofloxacin and others
Broad spectrum vs narrow narrow-spectrum
spectrum - Penicillin G and V
- Penicillinase-resistant penicillins: oxacillin and
nafcillin
- Vancomycin
- Erythromycin
- Clindamycin
- Aminoglycosides: gentamicin and others
- Cephalosporins (first and second generations)
- Isoniazid
- Rifampin
- Ethambutol
- Pyrazinamide
