PN4003 - Important Things To Remember: Complete
Study Guide
Normal pH blood range Right Ans - 7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2 range Right Ans - 35-45 mmHg (acid)
Normal HCO3 range Right Ans - 22-26 mEq/L (base)
What is the #1 cause of DKA Right Ans - sepsis (infection)
What is the most common electrolyte imbalance? Right Ans - hyponatremia
With a dx of fluid overload, what symptom should the LPN be alerted to
Right Ans - hypertension
Is persistent hoarseness a concern? Right Ans - Yes.
Persistent hoarseness (2 weeks+) can indicate laryngeal cancer
An increase of temp by 1 degree, also affects what vitals Right Ans - It
increases 4 beats per min and increases by 1 respiration
What are the main causes of metabolic acidosis? Right Ans - -diarrhea
(comes out of your ASSidosis)
-renal failure (kidneys fail, acid prevails)
-DKA (ketoACIDosis)
What are the main causes of metabolic alkalosis? Right Ans - -vomiting
(alllkkkkk- vomiting out acid)
-too much NGT suctioning (removing acid)
Normal sodium range Right Ans - 135-145 mEq/L
Normal potassium range Right Ans - 3.5-5mEq/L
Normal calcium range Right Ans - 9-11 mg/dL
What is DKA Right Ans - diabetic ketoacidosis
, a consequence of an acute insulin deficiency or an inability to use whatever
insulin the pancreas secretes.
D= dry and high sugar (250-500)
K=ketones and kussamual respirations (fruity breath)
A=abdominal pain
A=acidosis (ph lower than 7.35)
What electrolyte imbalance is likely to occur with drinking excessive alcohol?
Right Ans - Potassium
(hypokalemia)
What can hyperventilation lead to Right Ans - Respiratory alkalosis
due to rapid elimination of CO2 (which is acidic)
What does enlarged adenoids cause Right Ans - noisy breathing
What is a cardinal sign of lung cancer Right Ans - mucopurulent sputum
Dx of smoke inhalation increases the risk of..? Right Ans - acute respiratory
distress syndrome
T/F hypovolemic shock occurs due to decreased blood volume Right Ans -
TRUE
What is respiratory acidosis Right Ans - carbonic acid (H2CO3) excess
What is respiratory alkalosis Right Ans - carbonic acid (H2CO3) deficit
What is metabolic acidosis Right Ans - Bicarbonate (NAHCO3) deficit
What is metabolic alkalosis Right Ans - Bicarbonate (NAHCO3) excess
Nurses first priority when witnessing patient having an asthma attack?
Right Ans - Administer bronchodilator
Pt has laryngeal trauma, swelling, and bruising to neck. What breath sound
will you most likely hear? Right Ans - Audible stridor without use of
stethoscope
Study Guide
Normal pH blood range Right Ans - 7.35-7.45
Normal PaCO2 range Right Ans - 35-45 mmHg (acid)
Normal HCO3 range Right Ans - 22-26 mEq/L (base)
What is the #1 cause of DKA Right Ans - sepsis (infection)
What is the most common electrolyte imbalance? Right Ans - hyponatremia
With a dx of fluid overload, what symptom should the LPN be alerted to
Right Ans - hypertension
Is persistent hoarseness a concern? Right Ans - Yes.
Persistent hoarseness (2 weeks+) can indicate laryngeal cancer
An increase of temp by 1 degree, also affects what vitals Right Ans - It
increases 4 beats per min and increases by 1 respiration
What are the main causes of metabolic acidosis? Right Ans - -diarrhea
(comes out of your ASSidosis)
-renal failure (kidneys fail, acid prevails)
-DKA (ketoACIDosis)
What are the main causes of metabolic alkalosis? Right Ans - -vomiting
(alllkkkkk- vomiting out acid)
-too much NGT suctioning (removing acid)
Normal sodium range Right Ans - 135-145 mEq/L
Normal potassium range Right Ans - 3.5-5mEq/L
Normal calcium range Right Ans - 9-11 mg/dL
What is DKA Right Ans - diabetic ketoacidosis
, a consequence of an acute insulin deficiency or an inability to use whatever
insulin the pancreas secretes.
D= dry and high sugar (250-500)
K=ketones and kussamual respirations (fruity breath)
A=abdominal pain
A=acidosis (ph lower than 7.35)
What electrolyte imbalance is likely to occur with drinking excessive alcohol?
Right Ans - Potassium
(hypokalemia)
What can hyperventilation lead to Right Ans - Respiratory alkalosis
due to rapid elimination of CO2 (which is acidic)
What does enlarged adenoids cause Right Ans - noisy breathing
What is a cardinal sign of lung cancer Right Ans - mucopurulent sputum
Dx of smoke inhalation increases the risk of..? Right Ans - acute respiratory
distress syndrome
T/F hypovolemic shock occurs due to decreased blood volume Right Ans -
TRUE
What is respiratory acidosis Right Ans - carbonic acid (H2CO3) excess
What is respiratory alkalosis Right Ans - carbonic acid (H2CO3) deficit
What is metabolic acidosis Right Ans - Bicarbonate (NAHCO3) deficit
What is metabolic alkalosis Right Ans - Bicarbonate (NAHCO3) excess
Nurses first priority when witnessing patient having an asthma attack?
Right Ans - Administer bronchodilator
Pt has laryngeal trauma, swelling, and bruising to neck. What breath sound
will you most likely hear? Right Ans - Audible stridor without use of
stethoscope
