Hemodialysis Bonnet Exam Final Test Questions and Answers Verified

Hemodialysis Bonnet Exam Final Test Questions and Answers Verified



1. Osmosis: movement of fluid across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower c
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oncentration to higher concentration n n n



2. Diffusion: movement of dissolved particles across a semipermeable membrane from an ar
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ea of higher concentration to lower concentration
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3. Ultrafiltration: water is removed from blood because there is pressure gradient across the
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membrane
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4. Ultrafiltration Rate: The rate at which fluid moves from blood into the dialysate through th
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e semipermeable membrane
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5. Calculation for Ultraflitration rate: dividing the amount of fluid to be removed by the min
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utes of tx time n n n



6. Transmembrane Pressure (TMP): The pressure across the dialyzer mem- n n n n n n n n



brane(Blood compartment plus dialysate compartment pressure)
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7. In dialyzer reprocessing this chemical is used for disenfection: Paracetic Acid
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8. Amount of time water must stay in contact with charcoal in carbon tanks in order to all
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ow chlorine and chlormaines to be removed: Empty Bed Contact Time
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9. Minimum number of minutes of contact time in carbon tanks: 10 or 5 in each tank
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10. Diabetes: Number one cause for CKD n n n n n



11. Intrarenal Failure: Renal failure due to injury to the kidneys
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12. Example of Intrarenal failure: Blow to kidneys, drug/poison, glomeruolnephritis
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13. Postrenal Failure: when a blockage causes urine to back up and harm the kidneys
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14. Example of Postrenal failure: Enlarged prostate, Stones, Kinked Ureter
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15. Prerenal failure: when kidneys dont get enough blood
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16. Example of Prerenal failure: Trauma Severe dehydration, heart disease
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17. Two hormones the kidneys produce: Erythroprotein, Calcitriol
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18. Erythropoietin: triggers bone marrow to make red blood cells n n n n n n n n



19. Calcitriol: Controls the balance of calcium/phosphorus
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20. Location of the kidneys: In the back of the body above the waste
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21. Size and weight of the kidneys: the size of a fist, and 5 oz
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1n/n19

,22. The dialyzers semipermeable membrane: alows some substances such as wastes an
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d excess water out but keeps others such as blood in
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23. Access for pd is through a: catheter
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24. where is the catheter placed in a pd pt: abdomen
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25. what acts as a filter in pd: lining of the abdomen
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26. Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome: caused by the rapid removal of urea during hemodialysi
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s;




2n/n19

, 27. Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome Signs/Symptoms: Headache, blurred vi-
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nsion, Restlessness, confused, tremors, convulsions, seizures, coma, death
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28. Back flow prevention device: Stops water from the tx system from flowing back into the fee
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d water n



29. Large Amounts of aluminum in water can cause: Bone Disease
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30. How often should the ro operating parameters be checked: Daily
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31. What is added to municipal water supply to make it clearer: alum
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32. Depthflitration: measuring pressure before and after filter n n n n n n



33. water softner: softens hard water by taking out some of the magnesium and calcium th
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at form the scale n n n



34. booster pump: used to increase water flow or pressure n n n n n n n n



35. CarbonTank: Contains granular activated charcoal that abosrobs low molecular weight fro
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m particles n



36. carbon tanks are used to: remove chlorine and chloramine
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37. the first carbon tank is called the: worker
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38. The second carbon tank is called the: polisher
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39. blending valve: mixes the water to remain at 77-82 degrees n n n n n n n n n



40. What is not a characteristic of a dialyzer: capacity
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41. contamination of water by bacteria/endotoxins maybe cause what kind of reaction: py n n n n n n n n n n n



rogenic
42. Ro Water quality: % rejection product of water quality
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% rejection greater then 80%
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43. Convection: when molecules of a dissolved substance are dragged along in a solvent tha n n n n n n n n n n n n n



t passes through a semipermeable membrane
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44. Ro Machine Operating Parameters: water pressure divided by flow at various locations th
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roughout the system n n



45. CCPD: Continuous Cycling Pertinoel Dialysis n n n n



46. Intravascular Fluid Compartment: Blood inside the blood vessels n n n n n n n



47. In which direction should the venous needle be placed: Antegrade
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48. endocrine functions of the kidney: making erythropoietin and active form of vitamin d
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49. A solution: combination of a solvent and a solute
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3n/n19