Basic Life Support Part 1
Adult -
Adolescents (after the onset of puberty) and older
Children -
1 year to puberty
Infants -
Less than 1 year (excluding newborns in the delivery room
Signs of puberty include -
chest or underarm hair in males
breast development in females
CPR -
A lifesaving procedure for a victim who has signs of cardiac arrest (ex: unresponsive, no
normal breathing, and no pulse)
Components of CPR -
chest compressions and breaths
High-Quality CPR -
1. Start compressions within 10 seconds of recognizing of cardiac arrest
2. Push hard, push fast: Compress at a rate of 100 to 120/min (beat of staying alive) with a depth of
-at least 2 inches for adults
-at least one third the depth of the chest, about 2 inches for children
-at least one third the depth of the chest, about 1.5 inches for infants
3. Allow complete chest recoil after each compression
4. Minimize interruptions in compressions (try to limit interruptions to less than 10 seconds)
5. Give effective breaths that make the chest rise
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,6. Avoid excessive ventilation
Chest compressions greater than __________inches in adults may cause injuries. -
2.4 inches
With adult chest compressions, it is optimal to target your compression depth from _______ to
________inches. -
2 inches to 2.4 inches
Your response to a resuscitation situation will be determined by -
1. Available emergency equipment
2. Availability of trained rescuers
3. Level of training expertise
4. Local protocols
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) -
Is equipment worn to help protect the rescuer from health or safety risks
*(Based on situations and protocols)
What are some examples of PPE? -
1. Medical gloves
2. Eye protection
3. Full body coverage
4. High-visibility clothing
5. Safety footwear
6. Safety helmets
Chain of Survival -
A useful metaphor for the elements of the ECC (emergency cardiovascular care) systems-of-
care concept
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, The system of care is different depending on whether the patient has an arrest _________ or
_____________ -
inside or outside the hospital
*In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA)
*Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)
In which locations do most OHCA occur? -
Homes
The AHA adult Chain of Survival for IHCA -
1. Surveillance, prevention, and treatment of prearrest conditions (Primary Providers)
2. Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system (Primary
Providers)
3. Early CPR with an emphasis on chest compressions (Primary Providers)
4. Rapid defibrillation (Code Team)
5. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care (Cath Lab/ICU)
*(Prearrest, Recognize, CPR, Defibrillation, Multidisciplinary)
The AHA adult Chain of Survival for OHCA -
1. Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system
(Lay Rescuers)
2. Early CPR with an emphasis on chest compressions (Lay Rescuers/ EMS)
3. Rapid defibrillation with an AED (Lay Rescuers/ EMS)
4. Effective advanced life support (including stabilization and transportation to post-cardiac arrest
care) (EMS)
5. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care (ED/ Cath Lab/ICU)
*(Recognize, CPR, Defibrillation, ALS, Multidisciplinary)
What is the third link in the adult OHCA Chain of Survival? -
Rapid Defibrillation
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Adult -
Adolescents (after the onset of puberty) and older
Children -
1 year to puberty
Infants -
Less than 1 year (excluding newborns in the delivery room
Signs of puberty include -
chest or underarm hair in males
breast development in females
CPR -
A lifesaving procedure for a victim who has signs of cardiac arrest (ex: unresponsive, no
normal breathing, and no pulse)
Components of CPR -
chest compressions and breaths
High-Quality CPR -
1. Start compressions within 10 seconds of recognizing of cardiac arrest
2. Push hard, push fast: Compress at a rate of 100 to 120/min (beat of staying alive) with a depth of
-at least 2 inches for adults
-at least one third the depth of the chest, about 2 inches for children
-at least one third the depth of the chest, about 1.5 inches for infants
3. Allow complete chest recoil after each compression
4. Minimize interruptions in compressions (try to limit interruptions to less than 10 seconds)
5. Give effective breaths that make the chest rise
1|Page
,6. Avoid excessive ventilation
Chest compressions greater than __________inches in adults may cause injuries. -
2.4 inches
With adult chest compressions, it is optimal to target your compression depth from _______ to
________inches. -
2 inches to 2.4 inches
Your response to a resuscitation situation will be determined by -
1. Available emergency equipment
2. Availability of trained rescuers
3. Level of training expertise
4. Local protocols
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) -
Is equipment worn to help protect the rescuer from health or safety risks
*(Based on situations and protocols)
What are some examples of PPE? -
1. Medical gloves
2. Eye protection
3. Full body coverage
4. High-visibility clothing
5. Safety footwear
6. Safety helmets
Chain of Survival -
A useful metaphor for the elements of the ECC (emergency cardiovascular care) systems-of-
care concept
2|Page
, The system of care is different depending on whether the patient has an arrest _________ or
_____________ -
inside or outside the hospital
*In-hospital cardiac arrest (IHCA)
*Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)
In which locations do most OHCA occur? -
Homes
The AHA adult Chain of Survival for IHCA -
1. Surveillance, prevention, and treatment of prearrest conditions (Primary Providers)
2. Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system (Primary
Providers)
3. Early CPR with an emphasis on chest compressions (Primary Providers)
4. Rapid defibrillation (Code Team)
5. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care (Cath Lab/ICU)
*(Prearrest, Recognize, CPR, Defibrillation, Multidisciplinary)
The AHA adult Chain of Survival for OHCA -
1. Immediate recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the emergency response system
(Lay Rescuers)
2. Early CPR with an emphasis on chest compressions (Lay Rescuers/ EMS)
3. Rapid defibrillation with an AED (Lay Rescuers/ EMS)
4. Effective advanced life support (including stabilization and transportation to post-cardiac arrest
care) (EMS)
5. Multidisciplinary post-cardiac arrest care (ED/ Cath Lab/ICU)
*(Recognize, CPR, Defibrillation, ALS, Multidisciplinary)
What is the third link in the adult OHCA Chain of Survival? -
Rapid Defibrillation
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