WORKSHEET: Classical and Operant Conditioning

Classical conditioning* UCS- Hot shower UCR- Jump CS- Toilet Flush CR- Jump before the flush - ANS Every time someone flushes a toilet in the apartment building, the shower becomes very hot and causes the person to jump back. Over time, the person begins to jump back automatically after hearing the flush, before the water temperature changes. *Operant Conditioning* Positive reinforcement - ANS Your father gives you a credit card at the end of your first year in college because you did so well. As a result, your grades continue to get better in your second year. *Operant Conditioning* Positive punishment - ANS Your car has a red, flashing light that blinks annoyingly if you start the car without buckling the seat belt. You become less likely to start the car without buckling the seat belt. *Classical conditioning* UCS- Flu sickness UCR- Nausea CS- New Food CR- Nausea from food - ANS You eat a new food and then get sick because of the flu. However, you develop a dislike for the food and feel nauseated whenever you smell it. *Classical conditioning* UCS- Injection UCR- Heart rate increase from drugs CS- Small room CR- Heart rate increase in small room - ANS An individual receives frequent injections of drugs, which are administered in a small examination room at a clinic. The drug itself causes increased heart rate but after several trips to the clinic, simply being in a small room causes an increased heart rate. *Operant Conditioning* Positive reinforcement - ANS A lion in a circus learns to stand up on a chair and jump through a hoop to receive a food treat. *Operant Conditioning* Negative reinforcement - ANS A professor has a policy of exempting students from the final exam if they maintain perfect attendance during the quarter. His students' attendance increases dramatically. *Classical conditioning* UCS- Bad accident UCR- Getting hurt (cringing) CS- Sound of breaks CR- Sweating & cringing - ANS After a bad car accident, a student cringes and breaks into a sweat at the sound of squealing brakes. *Operant Conditioning* Positive reinforcement - ANS You check the coin return slot on a pay telephone and find a quarter. You find yourself checking other telephones over the next few days. *Classical conditioning* UCS- Eating bread UCR- Mouth watering CS- Smell of bread CR- mouth watering from smell - ANS The smell of fresh bread baking makes your mouth water. *Operant Conditioning* Negative reinforcement - ANS Your hands are cold so you put your gloves on. In the future, you are more likely to put gloves on when it's cold. *Classical conditioning* UCS- Loud noise UCR- Startled CS- Rat CR- Sight of rat, being startled - ANS John Watson conducted an experiment with a boy named Albert in which he paired a white rat with a loud, startling noise. Albeit now becomes startled at the sight of the white rat.