Fundamentals of Chemotherapy
Immunotherapy Administration
Terminologies Exam Q&A 100% Solved
Hematologic cancer (blood cancer) - ✔✔-cancer that begins in bone marrow or
immune system cells.
-Ex: leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma
Leukemia - ✔✔cancer starts in blood-forming tissues like bone marrow
-causes lots of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter bloodstream
Lymphoma - ✔✔-cancer that begins in immune system (WBC=lymphocytes)
-hodgkin and non-hodgkins
-B lymphocytes (B cells) - make antibodies (bacteria and viruses, most common
lymphoma
-T lymphocytes (T cells) - boost/slow immune, destroy germs and abnormal cells
Hodgkin lymphoma - ✔✔Reed-Sternberg cell (cancer cells in classic)
-typically starts in B cells
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - ✔✔-large, diverse group of cancers in immune
system cells
-indolent (slow growing) or aggressive (fast)
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©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,Myeloma - ✔✔Cancer in plasma cells (WBC that produce antibodies)
Chemotherapy - ✔✔All antineoplastic agents used to treat cancer, given
through oral and parenteral routes or other routes as specified in the standard,
not including hormonal therapies.
Who can order chemotherapy? - ✔✔Written and signed by licensed
independent practitioners (MD/DO, PA, Oncology NP)
Can you use verbal orders for chemotherapy? - ✔✔NO! Only when
holding/stopping admin.
Who can mix Chemotherapy? - ✔✔Pharmacist, Pharmacy tech, MD/DO,
qualified RN
Who can administer chemotherapy? - ✔✔Registered Nurses with specialized
education, prep and training. See specific state laws and statutes
How often is chemo competency reassessed> - ✔✔Annual continuing ed and
competency assessment is recommended
What is the dose verification process? - ✔✔-confirm plan with patient
-two practitioners verify: drug name, dose, volume, rate, route, expiration date,
appearance
-document verification in chart
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©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, What PPE is required for IV Chemotherapy? - ✔✔-Gloves: two pairs, HD tested
-Gown: disposable, back closed, long sleeved
-Respirator: NIOSH approved
-Eye & Face: face shield/mask
Neoadjuvant therapy (tumor burden) - ✔✔Chemo BEFORE primary treatment
(common in breast and colon)
Adjuvant therapy - ✔✔Chemo AFTER primary treatment (common in solid
tumor)
Bone Marrow - ✔✔soft, sponge-like tissue in center of most bones, produce
WBC, RBC, and platelets.
Myelosuppression - ✔✔bone marrow activity is decreased, causing less RBC,
WBC and Platelets.
Myeloablation - ✔✔severe myelosuppression
Induction phase - ✔✔initial phase, typically in hospital, intended
myelosuppression
Consolidation phase (intensification/postremission therapy) - ✔✔after
successful induction, kills cancer cells left in body (ex radiation, stem cell
transplant)
3|Page
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
Immunotherapy Administration
Terminologies Exam Q&A 100% Solved
Hematologic cancer (blood cancer) - ✔✔-cancer that begins in bone marrow or
immune system cells.
-Ex: leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma
Leukemia - ✔✔cancer starts in blood-forming tissues like bone marrow
-causes lots of abnormal blood cells to be produced and enter bloodstream
Lymphoma - ✔✔-cancer that begins in immune system (WBC=lymphocytes)
-hodgkin and non-hodgkins
-B lymphocytes (B cells) - make antibodies (bacteria and viruses, most common
lymphoma
-T lymphocytes (T cells) - boost/slow immune, destroy germs and abnormal cells
Hodgkin lymphoma - ✔✔Reed-Sternberg cell (cancer cells in classic)
-typically starts in B cells
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma - ✔✔-large, diverse group of cancers in immune
system cells
-indolent (slow growing) or aggressive (fast)
1|Page
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
,Myeloma - ✔✔Cancer in plasma cells (WBC that produce antibodies)
Chemotherapy - ✔✔All antineoplastic agents used to treat cancer, given
through oral and parenteral routes or other routes as specified in the standard,
not including hormonal therapies.
Who can order chemotherapy? - ✔✔Written and signed by licensed
independent practitioners (MD/DO, PA, Oncology NP)
Can you use verbal orders for chemotherapy? - ✔✔NO! Only when
holding/stopping admin.
Who can mix Chemotherapy? - ✔✔Pharmacist, Pharmacy tech, MD/DO,
qualified RN
Who can administer chemotherapy? - ✔✔Registered Nurses with specialized
education, prep and training. See specific state laws and statutes
How often is chemo competency reassessed> - ✔✔Annual continuing ed and
competency assessment is recommended
What is the dose verification process? - ✔✔-confirm plan with patient
-two practitioners verify: drug name, dose, volume, rate, route, expiration date,
appearance
-document verification in chart
2|Page
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
, What PPE is required for IV Chemotherapy? - ✔✔-Gloves: two pairs, HD tested
-Gown: disposable, back closed, long sleeved
-Respirator: NIOSH approved
-Eye & Face: face shield/mask
Neoadjuvant therapy (tumor burden) - ✔✔Chemo BEFORE primary treatment
(common in breast and colon)
Adjuvant therapy - ✔✔Chemo AFTER primary treatment (common in solid
tumor)
Bone Marrow - ✔✔soft, sponge-like tissue in center of most bones, produce
WBC, RBC, and platelets.
Myelosuppression - ✔✔bone marrow activity is decreased, causing less RBC,
WBC and Platelets.
Myeloablation - ✔✔severe myelosuppression
Induction phase - ✔✔initial phase, typically in hospital, intended
myelosuppression
Consolidation phase (intensification/postremission therapy) - ✔✔after
successful induction, kills cancer cells left in body (ex radiation, stem cell
transplant)
3|Page
©JOSHCLAY 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025.
