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GMS 6552 Exam Questions And Answers
100% Guaranteed Pass.
What is the most common molecular drug target?
Enzymes
Hormones & Factors
Receptors
Ion Channels
DNA - Answer✔Receptors
Channel-linked (ionotropic) receptor time scale - Answer✔Milliseconds
G-protein coupled receptor time scale - Answer✔Seconds
Kinase-linked receptor time scale - Answer✔Minutes
Nuclear receptor time scale - Answer✔Hours
Number of GPCR receptors - Answer✔>800
GPCR Ligands - Answer✔Hormones, neurotransmitters, chemokine, ions, amino acids, peptides
G alpha proteins - Answer✔20
G beta proteins - Answer✔6
G gamma proteins - Answer✔12
Why use G proteins? - Answer✔Amplify signal, regulate more than one effector
signal transduction cascade of cyclic AMP - Answer✔Adrenaline binds to adrenergic receptor --
> alpha GTP activates adenylyl cyclase --> ATP converted to cAMP --> PKA is activated -->
transcription changes
What proteins does PKA phosphorylate - Answer✔phosphorylase kinase, L-type Ca channels,
pyruvate kinase, CREB, hormone sensitive lipase
1|Page
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Phospholipase C activation activates - Answer✔DAG, IP3
Kinase linked receptor signaling - Answer✔hormone binds --> change in kinase and/or
phosphatase activity
Protein kinase linked receptors - Answer✔cytosolic kinases, tyrosine kinases, serine/threonine
kinases
Cytosolic kinases - Answer✔Ligand binds --> receptors dimerize --> JAK activated --> STAT
activated --> dimerization and nuclear translocation
Receptor tyrosine kinases - Answer✔an extracellular ligand binding and dimerization domain, a
single hydrophobic transmembrane alpha helix and a cytosolic domain with intrinsic tyrosine
kinase activity
Types of receptor tyrosine kinases - Answer✔single transmembrane spanning proteins that
dimerize when ligand binds or covalently linked dimers
PKB/Akt proteins effects - Answer✔Glycogen synthesis, protein synthesis, glycolysis, glucose
transport, transcription of specific gene
Serine/threonine receptor kinases - Answer✔ligand binds to type 2 receptor, type 2 receptor
dimerizes type 1 receptor, type 1 receptor activates SMAD 2, Smad 2 binds to smad 4
Nuclear receptor subfamily structural domains - Answer✔activation function 1, DNA binding
domain, ligand binding domain, hinge, activation function 2
Nitric Oxide receptor - Answer✔NO binds to a metal ion or a S atom, which causes an allosteric
change which triggers the formation of a second messenger
notch signaling pathway - Answer✔ligand binds --> metalloprotease cleavage --> Notch
cleavage --> nuclear translocation
components of latent TGF-B - Answer✔mature TGF-B, latent binding protein, latency associated
peptide
what cleaves mature TGF-B from latent TGF-B - Answer✔plasmin
What inhibits plasmin - Answer✔lipoprotein a
What type of kinase receptor is TGF-B - Answer✔serine/threonine kinase
R-SMAD - Answer✔receptor activated, signaling transducing, phosphorylated by type 1
receptor. 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9
CO-SMAD - Answer✔bind to activated R-SMAD, SMAD4/DPC4
2|Page
GMS 6552 Exam Questions And Answers
100% Guaranteed Pass.
What is the most common molecular drug target?
Enzymes
Hormones & Factors
Receptors
Ion Channels
DNA - Answer✔Receptors
Channel-linked (ionotropic) receptor time scale - Answer✔Milliseconds
G-protein coupled receptor time scale - Answer✔Seconds
Kinase-linked receptor time scale - Answer✔Minutes
Nuclear receptor time scale - Answer✔Hours
Number of GPCR receptors - Answer✔>800
GPCR Ligands - Answer✔Hormones, neurotransmitters, chemokine, ions, amino acids, peptides
G alpha proteins - Answer✔20
G beta proteins - Answer✔6
G gamma proteins - Answer✔12
Why use G proteins? - Answer✔Amplify signal, regulate more than one effector
signal transduction cascade of cyclic AMP - Answer✔Adrenaline binds to adrenergic receptor --
> alpha GTP activates adenylyl cyclase --> ATP converted to cAMP --> PKA is activated -->
transcription changes
What proteins does PKA phosphorylate - Answer✔phosphorylase kinase, L-type Ca channels,
pyruvate kinase, CREB, hormone sensitive lipase
1|Page
, ©JASONMcCONNELL 2024/2025 ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Phospholipase C activation activates - Answer✔DAG, IP3
Kinase linked receptor signaling - Answer✔hormone binds --> change in kinase and/or
phosphatase activity
Protein kinase linked receptors - Answer✔cytosolic kinases, tyrosine kinases, serine/threonine
kinases
Cytosolic kinases - Answer✔Ligand binds --> receptors dimerize --> JAK activated --> STAT
activated --> dimerization and nuclear translocation
Receptor tyrosine kinases - Answer✔an extracellular ligand binding and dimerization domain, a
single hydrophobic transmembrane alpha helix and a cytosolic domain with intrinsic tyrosine
kinase activity
Types of receptor tyrosine kinases - Answer✔single transmembrane spanning proteins that
dimerize when ligand binds or covalently linked dimers
PKB/Akt proteins effects - Answer✔Glycogen synthesis, protein synthesis, glycolysis, glucose
transport, transcription of specific gene
Serine/threonine receptor kinases - Answer✔ligand binds to type 2 receptor, type 2 receptor
dimerizes type 1 receptor, type 1 receptor activates SMAD 2, Smad 2 binds to smad 4
Nuclear receptor subfamily structural domains - Answer✔activation function 1, DNA binding
domain, ligand binding domain, hinge, activation function 2
Nitric Oxide receptor - Answer✔NO binds to a metal ion or a S atom, which causes an allosteric
change which triggers the formation of a second messenger
notch signaling pathway - Answer✔ligand binds --> metalloprotease cleavage --> Notch
cleavage --> nuclear translocation
components of latent TGF-B - Answer✔mature TGF-B, latent binding protein, latency associated
peptide
what cleaves mature TGF-B from latent TGF-B - Answer✔plasmin
What inhibits plasmin - Answer✔lipoprotein a
What type of kinase receptor is TGF-B - Answer✔serine/threonine kinase
R-SMAD - Answer✔receptor activated, signaling transducing, phosphorylated by type 1
receptor. 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 9
CO-SMAD - Answer✔bind to activated R-SMAD, SMAD4/DPC4
2|Page
