Pathophysiology Chapter 14- test bank 2024
All of the following apply to CVA EXCEPT:
A) the common cause is an atheroma with thrombus.
B) maximum necrosis and infarction develop within several hours of onset.
C) warning signs may appear with partial obstruction of the artery.
D) increasing neurological deficits usually develop during the first few days. - ansB
All of the following are typical signs of hydrocephalus in the neonate EXCEPT:
A) enlarged head with bulging fontanels.
B) vomiting, headache, and paralysis.
C) irritability and feeding difficulties.
D) eyes turned downward with sclerae showing above the pupils. - ansB
An epidural hematoma is located between the:
A) dura mater and the arachnoid mater.
B) dura mater and the skull.
C) arachnoid mater and the pia mater.
D) pia mater and the brain. - ansB
As intracranial pressure rises, the pupil of the eye, ipsilateral to the lesion, becomes dilated and unresponsive
to light because of pressure on the:
A) optic nerve.
B) peripheral nervous system (PNS) fibers in cranial nerve III.
C) sympathetic nervous system (SNS) nerve to the eye.
D) occipital lobe. - ansB
Brain injury where the brain is injured when it bounces off of the skull due to sudden acceleration or
,deceleration is referred to as a/an:
A) linear fracture
B) contusion
C) basilar injury
D) contrecoup injury - ansD
Collateral circulation is most likely to be present when a CVA results from:
A) rupture of a cerebral artery.
B) an embolus.
C) atherosclerosis.
D) vasospasm in the cerebral circulation. - ansC
Communicating hydrocephalus causes increased intracranial pressure because of:
A) atresia at the foramen magnum.
B) failure of the subarachnoid to absorb CSF.
C) obstruction in the lumbar area of the spinal cord.
D) scar tissue from encephalitis blocking flow of CSF. - ansB
Expressive aphasia is most likely to result from damage to:
A) the left frontal lobe.
B) the left temporal lobe.
C) the right motor cortex.
D) Wernicke's area. - ansA
Failure of the spinous processes to fuse, but without herniation of the meninges, is called:
A) spina bifida occulta.
B) meningocele.
, C) myelomeningocele.
D) encephalocele. - ansA
Following a head injury, what is the most likely cause of secondary damage to the brain?
A) Hematoma or infection
B) Laceration by foreign objects
C) Hypoxia or acidosis
D) Tearing of blood vessels as the brain rotates across the inside of the skull - ansA
Following a spinal injury at C5, what is the expected effect during the period of spinal shock?
A) Spastic paralysis below the level of the injury
B) Urinary incontinence
C) Possible periods of apnea
D) Normal blood pressure - ansC
Following an injury at L2 to L3, what would indicate recovery from spinal shock?
A) Spastic paraplegia
B) Urinary retention
C) Labile body temperature
D) Increased sensation in the legs - ansA
Herpes zoster can be identified by a typical:
A) unilateral rash and pain along a cranial nerve or dermatome.
B) weakness and muscle atrophy in the legs.
C) ascending paralysis commencing in the legs.
D) skeletal muscle spasms in the face and neck - ansA
All of the following apply to CVA EXCEPT:
A) the common cause is an atheroma with thrombus.
B) maximum necrosis and infarction develop within several hours of onset.
C) warning signs may appear with partial obstruction of the artery.
D) increasing neurological deficits usually develop during the first few days. - ansB
All of the following are typical signs of hydrocephalus in the neonate EXCEPT:
A) enlarged head with bulging fontanels.
B) vomiting, headache, and paralysis.
C) irritability and feeding difficulties.
D) eyes turned downward with sclerae showing above the pupils. - ansB
An epidural hematoma is located between the:
A) dura mater and the arachnoid mater.
B) dura mater and the skull.
C) arachnoid mater and the pia mater.
D) pia mater and the brain. - ansB
As intracranial pressure rises, the pupil of the eye, ipsilateral to the lesion, becomes dilated and unresponsive
to light because of pressure on the:
A) optic nerve.
B) peripheral nervous system (PNS) fibers in cranial nerve III.
C) sympathetic nervous system (SNS) nerve to the eye.
D) occipital lobe. - ansB
Brain injury where the brain is injured when it bounces off of the skull due to sudden acceleration or
,deceleration is referred to as a/an:
A) linear fracture
B) contusion
C) basilar injury
D) contrecoup injury - ansD
Collateral circulation is most likely to be present when a CVA results from:
A) rupture of a cerebral artery.
B) an embolus.
C) atherosclerosis.
D) vasospasm in the cerebral circulation. - ansC
Communicating hydrocephalus causes increased intracranial pressure because of:
A) atresia at the foramen magnum.
B) failure of the subarachnoid to absorb CSF.
C) obstruction in the lumbar area of the spinal cord.
D) scar tissue from encephalitis blocking flow of CSF. - ansB
Expressive aphasia is most likely to result from damage to:
A) the left frontal lobe.
B) the left temporal lobe.
C) the right motor cortex.
D) Wernicke's area. - ansA
Failure of the spinous processes to fuse, but without herniation of the meninges, is called:
A) spina bifida occulta.
B) meningocele.
, C) myelomeningocele.
D) encephalocele. - ansA
Following a head injury, what is the most likely cause of secondary damage to the brain?
A) Hematoma or infection
B) Laceration by foreign objects
C) Hypoxia or acidosis
D) Tearing of blood vessels as the brain rotates across the inside of the skull - ansA
Following a spinal injury at C5, what is the expected effect during the period of spinal shock?
A) Spastic paralysis below the level of the injury
B) Urinary incontinence
C) Possible periods of apnea
D) Normal blood pressure - ansC
Following an injury at L2 to L3, what would indicate recovery from spinal shock?
A) Spastic paraplegia
B) Urinary retention
C) Labile body temperature
D) Increased sensation in the legs - ansA
Herpes zoster can be identified by a typical:
A) unilateral rash and pain along a cranial nerve or dermatome.
B) weakness and muscle atrophy in the legs.
C) ascending paralysis commencing in the legs.
D) skeletal muscle spasms in the face and neck - ansA
