NURS 530 Advanced Pathophysiology:
Chapter 1 Question And Answer
2 major classes of cells - Correct Answer - Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Eukaryote Examples - Correct Answer - animal cells, plant cells, single-celled
organisms, fungi and protozoa
Difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes - Correct Answer - Eukaryotes-
found in multicellular organisms, larger, contain a nucleus and organelles.
Prokaryotes-single celled organisms, smaller, no nucleus, no organelles.
Prokaryote Example - Correct Answer - Bacteria (Exs. E. Coli. and Rickettsiae),
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), and Archaea
Differentiation AKA maturation - Correct Answer - process through which cells
become specialized
8 chief cellular functions - Correct Answer - 1. movement 2. conductivity 3.
metabolic absorption 4. secretion 5. excretion 6. respiration 7. reproduction 8.
communication
3 parts of eukaryotic cell - Correct Answer - plasma membrane, cytoplasm,
organelles
nucleus primary functions - Correct Answer - cell division and control of genetic
information (also replication/repair/transcription of DNA)
Cytosol - Correct Answer - fills 1/2 volume of eukaryotic cell (55%)
storage unit for fat, carbohydrate and secretory vesicles - Correct Answer - cytosol
ribosomes - Correct Answer - provide sites for cellular protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - Correct Answer - membrane factory that specializes in
the synthesis/transport of proteins/lipids
Rough ER - Correct Answer - ribosomes and ribonucleoprotein particles are
attached
ER 3D protein folding can be affected by: - Correct Answer - viral infections,
environmental toxins, mutant protein expression, cell stress, mutations and random
errors
Smooth ER - Correct Answer - does NOT contain ribosomes or ribonucleoprotein
particles. DOES contain enzymes involved in steroid synthesis
Chapter 1 Question And Answer
2 major classes of cells - Correct Answer - Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Eukaryote Examples - Correct Answer - animal cells, plant cells, single-celled
organisms, fungi and protozoa
Difference between Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes - Correct Answer - Eukaryotes-
found in multicellular organisms, larger, contain a nucleus and organelles.
Prokaryotes-single celled organisms, smaller, no nucleus, no organelles.
Prokaryote Example - Correct Answer - Bacteria (Exs. E. Coli. and Rickettsiae),
Cyanobacteria (blue-green algae), and Archaea
Differentiation AKA maturation - Correct Answer - process through which cells
become specialized
8 chief cellular functions - Correct Answer - 1. movement 2. conductivity 3.
metabolic absorption 4. secretion 5. excretion 6. respiration 7. reproduction 8.
communication
3 parts of eukaryotic cell - Correct Answer - plasma membrane, cytoplasm,
organelles
nucleus primary functions - Correct Answer - cell division and control of genetic
information (also replication/repair/transcription of DNA)
Cytosol - Correct Answer - fills 1/2 volume of eukaryotic cell (55%)
storage unit for fat, carbohydrate and secretory vesicles - Correct Answer - cytosol
ribosomes - Correct Answer - provide sites for cellular protein synthesis
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) - Correct Answer - membrane factory that specializes in
the synthesis/transport of proteins/lipids
Rough ER - Correct Answer - ribosomes and ribonucleoprotein particles are
attached
ER 3D protein folding can be affected by: - Correct Answer - viral infections,
environmental toxins, mutant protein expression, cell stress, mutations and random
errors
Smooth ER - Correct Answer - does NOT contain ribosomes or ribonucleoprotein
particles. DOES contain enzymes involved in steroid synthesis
