PH 456 EXAM WITH CORRECT SOLUTION
Besides asking person the question directly what is one way a psychologist can try to
determine aya person is taking a drug - ANSWER ...
What two characteristic of a drug effects might change that does is increase - ANSWER
...
In about what year did drug use in the United States peak - ANSWER The trend over time
are generally similar with the peak year for all three substances around 1980 lower rate
of use in early 1990 and less dramatic change after that.
About what percentage of college students use marijuana - ANSWER 14% of college
students use marijuana
What do the result of the National Survey on Drug Use and health tell us about overall
rate of marijuana and cocaine use among the white compared to African American in
the U.S. - ANSWER That the white or more likely to use Marijuana and cocaine more than
African American.
How does having a college degree influence rate of drinking? alcohol and using
tobacco? - ANSWER College graduated drink more alcohol but less likely to use tobacco
and somewhat less to use Marijuana and cocaine.
Name one risk factor and one protective factor related to the family / parenting -
ANSWER Risk factor having friends who use marijuana or other substances. protective
factor receiving that there are strong sections against the substance use at school.
Deviant drug use - ANSWER Is drug use that is not common within a social group and
that is disapproved of by the majority causing members of the group to take action
corrective action when it occurs.
Drug misuse - ANSWER generally refers to the use of prescribed drug in greater amount
then or for the purpose than those prescribed by a physician or dentis.
Drug dependence - ANSWER Refers to a state in which the individual uses that drug so
frequently and consistently that it appears that it would be difficult for the person to get
along without using the drug.
Addiction - ANSWER Is a controversial and complex time that has different meaning for
the different people.
Correlated - ANSWER A variable that is statistically relate to some other variable such
as drug use
Longitudinal study - ANSWER A study done over the period of time months or years
,Gateway - ANSWER One of the first drug (example alcohol or tobacco) used by a typical
drug user
reinforcement - ANSWER A procedure in which a behavioral event is followed by a
consequence event such that the behavior is more likely to be repeated. the behavior of
taking a drug may be reinforcement by the effects of the drug.
Laissez-faire - ANSWER A hands-off approach to government
Toxic - ANSWER Poisonous, dangerous
Behavioral toxicity - ANSWER Toxicity resulting from behavioral effects of a drug
Drug recognition expert DRE - ANSWER A police officer trained to examine intoxicated
individual to determine which of several classes of drug cause intoxication
Drug abuse warning network (DAWN) two types of data collected by DAWN? - ANSWER
System for collecting data on drug related deaths or emergency room visits
Bath salts - ANSWER Mephedrone or a related stimulant package bath salt but intended
for use as a psychoactive drug
Tolerance - ANSWER Reduce effect of a drug after repeated use
Physical dependence - ANSWER Drug dependence defined by the presence of
withdrawal syndrome implying that the body has become adapted to the drug's
presence.
Psychological dependence - ANSWER Behavioral dependence indicated by a high rate
of drug use, craving for the drug, and a tendency to relapse after stopping use
catheters - ANSWER Plastic or other tubing implanted into the body
Biopsychological - ANSWER A theory are perspective that relies on the interaction of
biological, individual psychological, and social variables.
The French term Lazarus faire is used to describe what type of relationship between a
government and its people - ANSWER ...
What are examples of homeostasis in the human body - ANSWER Water temperature,
water content, glucose concentration
What are the differences between glia and neurons - ANSWER Glial cells do not have
action potential
2 Neurons do not regenerate except in the olfactory cortex and the hippocampus
3 And neurons are much longer (axons)
What is the proposed role of the mesolimbic dopamine system in the drug dependence -
ANSWER Proposed to mediate some psychotic behavior such as those seen in
, schizophrenia. Possible component of the rewarding properties of drugs.
What neurotransmitters seems to have only inhibitory receptor? - ANSWER ...
Mesolimbic dopamine pathway - ANSWER According to this theory drug leads to abuse
because they stimulate this reward system which is responsible for telling the rest of the
brain that's good do it again.
Alzheimer's disease produce a loss of which neurotransmitter from which brain
structure? - ANSWER Cerebral cortex.
What is the function of the basal ganglia in which neurotransmitter is involved? -
ANSWER One function of the basal ganglia is to help maintain proper muscle tone.
Involved the striatum which is part of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway.
What are the two main ways in which drugs can interact with neurotransmittersystem? -
ANSWER Drugs can alter the availability of the neurotransmitter in the synapse. Drugs
can exert its effect is directly on the receptor. Drug can act as an agonist by mimicking
the action of the neurotransmitter directly activating the receptor or as antagonist by
ocupying the receptor.
Describe the process of neurotransmitter release and receptor interaction? - ANSWER
The neurotransmitter release is done by the action potential.
Give some examples of the opposing actions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic
branches of the autonomic nervous system what is the neurotransmitter for each
branch? - ANSWER Branched by the autonomic nervous system ( ANS). Sympathetic
reaction: dilation, increase, fast and shallow, relaxation. Parasympathetic reaction:
constriction, decrease, slow and deep, constriction.
After a neurotransmitter is synthesized where is its stored while awaiting released? -
ANSWER Neurotransmitters are stored in the terminal in a small around pack_age
known as synaptic vesicles.
PET and MRI are two example of what technology? - ANSWER ...
How does impulsivity relate to rate of drug use in the general population how does
impulsivity relate to substance dependence? - ANSWER Impulsive individuals may use
drugs at a higher rate. because they act quickly without thinking about the
consequences and is more heavily involved in substances abuse or dependence.
What's three major concerns about drugs led to the initial passage of laws controlling
their availability? - ANSWER 1 toxicity, 2 dependence and 3 crime.
Long-term heavy drinking can lead to permanent impairment of memory. what type of
the toxicity is this acute or chronic psychological or behavioral? - ANSWER chronic and
behavioral.
What's drugs other than alcohol are mentioned most often in both parts of the DAWN
Besides asking person the question directly what is one way a psychologist can try to
determine aya person is taking a drug - ANSWER ...
What two characteristic of a drug effects might change that does is increase - ANSWER
...
In about what year did drug use in the United States peak - ANSWER The trend over time
are generally similar with the peak year for all three substances around 1980 lower rate
of use in early 1990 and less dramatic change after that.
About what percentage of college students use marijuana - ANSWER 14% of college
students use marijuana
What do the result of the National Survey on Drug Use and health tell us about overall
rate of marijuana and cocaine use among the white compared to African American in
the U.S. - ANSWER That the white or more likely to use Marijuana and cocaine more than
African American.
How does having a college degree influence rate of drinking? alcohol and using
tobacco? - ANSWER College graduated drink more alcohol but less likely to use tobacco
and somewhat less to use Marijuana and cocaine.
Name one risk factor and one protective factor related to the family / parenting -
ANSWER Risk factor having friends who use marijuana or other substances. protective
factor receiving that there are strong sections against the substance use at school.
Deviant drug use - ANSWER Is drug use that is not common within a social group and
that is disapproved of by the majority causing members of the group to take action
corrective action when it occurs.
Drug misuse - ANSWER generally refers to the use of prescribed drug in greater amount
then or for the purpose than those prescribed by a physician or dentis.
Drug dependence - ANSWER Refers to a state in which the individual uses that drug so
frequently and consistently that it appears that it would be difficult for the person to get
along without using the drug.
Addiction - ANSWER Is a controversial and complex time that has different meaning for
the different people.
Correlated - ANSWER A variable that is statistically relate to some other variable such
as drug use
Longitudinal study - ANSWER A study done over the period of time months or years
,Gateway - ANSWER One of the first drug (example alcohol or tobacco) used by a typical
drug user
reinforcement - ANSWER A procedure in which a behavioral event is followed by a
consequence event such that the behavior is more likely to be repeated. the behavior of
taking a drug may be reinforcement by the effects of the drug.
Laissez-faire - ANSWER A hands-off approach to government
Toxic - ANSWER Poisonous, dangerous
Behavioral toxicity - ANSWER Toxicity resulting from behavioral effects of a drug
Drug recognition expert DRE - ANSWER A police officer trained to examine intoxicated
individual to determine which of several classes of drug cause intoxication
Drug abuse warning network (DAWN) two types of data collected by DAWN? - ANSWER
System for collecting data on drug related deaths or emergency room visits
Bath salts - ANSWER Mephedrone or a related stimulant package bath salt but intended
for use as a psychoactive drug
Tolerance - ANSWER Reduce effect of a drug after repeated use
Physical dependence - ANSWER Drug dependence defined by the presence of
withdrawal syndrome implying that the body has become adapted to the drug's
presence.
Psychological dependence - ANSWER Behavioral dependence indicated by a high rate
of drug use, craving for the drug, and a tendency to relapse after stopping use
catheters - ANSWER Plastic or other tubing implanted into the body
Biopsychological - ANSWER A theory are perspective that relies on the interaction of
biological, individual psychological, and social variables.
The French term Lazarus faire is used to describe what type of relationship between a
government and its people - ANSWER ...
What are examples of homeostasis in the human body - ANSWER Water temperature,
water content, glucose concentration
What are the differences between glia and neurons - ANSWER Glial cells do not have
action potential
2 Neurons do not regenerate except in the olfactory cortex and the hippocampus
3 And neurons are much longer (axons)
What is the proposed role of the mesolimbic dopamine system in the drug dependence -
ANSWER Proposed to mediate some psychotic behavior such as those seen in
, schizophrenia. Possible component of the rewarding properties of drugs.
What neurotransmitters seems to have only inhibitory receptor? - ANSWER ...
Mesolimbic dopamine pathway - ANSWER According to this theory drug leads to abuse
because they stimulate this reward system which is responsible for telling the rest of the
brain that's good do it again.
Alzheimer's disease produce a loss of which neurotransmitter from which brain
structure? - ANSWER Cerebral cortex.
What is the function of the basal ganglia in which neurotransmitter is involved? -
ANSWER One function of the basal ganglia is to help maintain proper muscle tone.
Involved the striatum which is part of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway.
What are the two main ways in which drugs can interact with neurotransmittersystem? -
ANSWER Drugs can alter the availability of the neurotransmitter in the synapse. Drugs
can exert its effect is directly on the receptor. Drug can act as an agonist by mimicking
the action of the neurotransmitter directly activating the receptor or as antagonist by
ocupying the receptor.
Describe the process of neurotransmitter release and receptor interaction? - ANSWER
The neurotransmitter release is done by the action potential.
Give some examples of the opposing actions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic
branches of the autonomic nervous system what is the neurotransmitter for each
branch? - ANSWER Branched by the autonomic nervous system ( ANS). Sympathetic
reaction: dilation, increase, fast and shallow, relaxation. Parasympathetic reaction:
constriction, decrease, slow and deep, constriction.
After a neurotransmitter is synthesized where is its stored while awaiting released? -
ANSWER Neurotransmitters are stored in the terminal in a small around pack_age
known as synaptic vesicles.
PET and MRI are two example of what technology? - ANSWER ...
How does impulsivity relate to rate of drug use in the general population how does
impulsivity relate to substance dependence? - ANSWER Impulsive individuals may use
drugs at a higher rate. because they act quickly without thinking about the
consequences and is more heavily involved in substances abuse or dependence.
What's three major concerns about drugs led to the initial passage of laws controlling
their availability? - ANSWER 1 toxicity, 2 dependence and 3 crime.
Long-term heavy drinking can lead to permanent impairment of memory. what type of
the toxicity is this acute or chronic psychological or behavioral? - ANSWER chronic and
behavioral.
What's drugs other than alcohol are mentioned most often in both parts of the DAWN
