ModernjDatabasejManagement,j13thjEdition,jJeffjHoffer,jRamesh
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13thEd
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ition, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, HeikkiTopi, I
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SBN-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
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9780134877006. All 14 Chapters
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TestjBank Pagej1
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Chapter 1 the Database Environment andDevelopme
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nt Process
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Chapter Overview
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Thejpurposejofjthisjchapterjisjtojintroducejstudentsjtojthejworldjofjdatajmanagementjasjajwhole,jandjspecificall
yjtojthejdatabasejapproachjtojinformationjsystemsjdevelopment,jthejimportantjconceptsjandjprinciplesjofjthejd
atabasejapproach,jandjthejdatabasejdevelopmentjprocessjwithinjthejbroaderjcontextjofjinformationjsystemsjde
velopment.jThisjisjanjimportantjchapterjbecausejitjconveysjajsensejofjthejcentraljimportancejofjdatabasesjandjd
atajmanagementjinjtoday’sjinformationjsystemsjenvironmentjandjinjalljmodernjenterprises.jThejideajofjanjorg
anizationaljdatabasejisjintuitivelyjappealingjtojmostjstudents.jHowever,jmanyjstudentsjwilljhavejlittlejorjnojba
ckgroundjorjexperiencejwithjthej technicaljimplementationjofjdatabases.jOthersjwilljhavejhadjsomejexperienc
ejwithjdatabasejmanagementjsystemsjintendedjforjpersonaljorjworkgroupjusej(suchjasjMicrosoftjAccess).jCon
sequently,jtheyjwilljhavejajlimitedjperspectivejconcerningjanjorganizationaljapproachjtojdatabases.
Inj thisj chapter,j wej introducej thej basicj conceptsj andj definitionsj ofj databasesj andj dataj management,jstart
ingjwithjanjorganizingjframeworkjthatjisjnewjtojthisjchapter.jWejcontrastjdatajwithjinformation,jandjintroducej
thejnotionjofjmetadatajandjitsjimportance.jWej alsojcontrastjthejdatabasejapproachjwithjolderjfilejprocessingjs
ystems,jandjintroducejthejPinejValleyjFurniturejCompanyjcasejtojillustratejthesejconcepts.jWejdescribejthejra
ngejofjdatabasejapplications,jfromjdatabasesjwithjajpersonaljorjworkgroupjscopejtojenterprisejdatabases,jandji
dentifyjkeyjdecisionsjthatjmustjbejmadejforjeachjtypejofjdatabase.jWejdescribejbothjthejpotentialjbenefitsjandjt
ypicaljcostsjofjusingjthejdatabasejapproach.jWejalsojtracejthejhistoricaljevolutionjofjdatabasejsystems,jinjorderj
tojprovidejajcontextjforjunderstandingjthejdatabasejapproachjforjdatajstoragejandjretrieval.jThejchapterjoutline
sjthejdifferencesjbetweenjtransactionaljandjinformationaljapproachesjandjhighlightsjthejwayjnew,janalytics-
focusedjtechnologiesjarejtransformingjdatajmanagement.
Thejchapterjalsojpresentsjanjexpandedjdescriptionjofjthejsystemsjdevelopmentjlifejcyclej(includingjanjintrodu
ctionjtojrapidjapplicationjdevelopmentjmethodsjofjprototypingjandjagilejsoftwarejdevelopment)jandj thejrolej o
fj databasej developmentj withinj it.jThej chapterj providesj anj updatedj descriptionj ofj thej well-
TestjBank Pagej2
, ModernjDatabasejManagement,j13thjEdition,jJeffjHoffer,jRamesh
knownjthree-
schemajarchitecturejandjusesjitjtojsummarizejthejvariousjdeliverablesjofjdatabasejdevelopment.jItjconcludesjw
ithjanjexamplejofjdatabasejdevelopmentjsituatedjinjthejcontextjthejPinejValleyjFurniturejCompanyjcase.
Chapter Objectives
j
Specificjstudentjlearningjobjectivesjarejincludedjatjthejbeginningjofjeachjchapter.jFromjanjinstructor’sjpointjo
fjview,jthejobjectivesjofjthisjchapterjarejto:
1. Createjajsensejofjexcitementjconcerningjthejdatajandjdatabasejmanagementjfieldjandjthejtypes
ofjjobjopportunitiesjthatjarejavailable.
j
2. Acquaintjstudentsjwithjthejbroadjspectrumjofjdatabasejapplicationsjandjhowjorganizationsjar
ejusingjdatabasejapplicationsjforjcompetitivejadvantage.
3. Introducejthejdatajmanagementjframeworkjthatjorganizesjthejbookjandjthejconceptualjspacejo
fjdatajmanagement,jhighlightingjhowjrelationaljtechnologiesjandjnon-
relationaljtechnologiesjcanjbejseenjasjpartjofjthejsamejspace.
4. Introducejthejkeyjtermsjandjdefinitionsjthatjdescribejthejdatabasejenvironment.
5. Describejdatajmodelsjandjhowjtheyjarejusedjtojcapturejthejnaturejandjrelationshipsjamongjdat
a.
6. Describejthejmajorjcomponentsjofjthejdatabasejenvironmentjandjhowjthesejcomponentsjinter
actjwithjeachjother.
7. Providejajreviewjofjsystemsjdevelopmentjmethodologies,jparticularlyjthejsystemsjdevelopm
entjlifejcycle,jprototyping,jandjagilejsoftwarejdevelopment;jbuildjanjunderstandingjofjhowjdat
abasejdevelopmentjisjalignedjwithjthesejmethodologies.
8. Developjanjunderstandingjofjthejdifferentjrolesjwithinjinjajdatabasejdevelopmentjteam.
9. Makej studentsj awarej ofj thej three-
schemaj architecturej andj itsj benefitsj forj databasej developmentjandjdesign.
10. Introducej thej Pinej Valleyj Furniturej Companyj case,j whichj isj usedj throughoutj thej textj tojillus
tratejimportantjconcepts.
11. Introducej thej Mountainj Viewj CommunityjHospitalj case,j whichj isj includedj atj thej endj ofjeac
hjchapterjasjajsourcejforjstudentjprojects.
TestjBank Pagej3
, ModernjDatabasejManagement,j13thjEdition,jJeffjHoffer,jRamesh
Key Terms
j
Agilejsoftwarejdevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualjschema Databasejapplication Physicaljschema
Constraint Databasejmanagementjsystemj(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterprisejdatajmodeling Prototyping
Datajindependence Enterprisejresourcejplanningj(ERP) Relationaljdatabase
Datajmodel Entity Repository
Datajmodelingjandjdesignjtools Information Systemsj developmentj lifej cyclej (S
DLC)
Datajwarehouse Logicaljschema Userjview
Classroom Ideas j
1. Startjwithjajdiscussionjofjhowjstudentsjinteractjwithjsystemsjbuiltjonjdatabasesjonjajdailyjbasisj
(creditjcardjtransactions,jshoppingjcards,jtelephonejcalls,jcelljphonejcontactjlists,jdownloada
blejmusic,jetc.).jIfjyoujteachjinjajclassroomjwithjcomputers,jaskjstudentsjtojfindjexamplesjofj
Webjsitesjthatjappearjtojbejaccessingjdatabases.
2. Contrastj thej termsj ―data‖j andj ―information.‖j Usingj Figurej 1-
1j asj aj startingj point,j havejthejstudentsjprovidejsomejgoodjexamplesjofjdatajandjinformationjf
romjtheirjownjexperiences.jThisjmayjwelljleadjtojsomejdifferencesjofjopinion,jandjthejconclus
ionjthatjonejperson’sjdatajmayjbejanotherjperson’sjinformation.
3. IntroducejthejconceptjofjmetadatajusingjTablej1-
1.jAskjthejstudentsjtojsuggestjotherjmetadatajthatjmightjbejappropriatejforjthisjexample.
4. Discussjfilejprocessingjsystemsjandjtheirjlimitations,jusingjFigurej1-2jandjTablej1-
2.jEmphasizejthatjmanyjofjthesejsystemsjarejstilljinjusejtoday.
5. IntroducejdatajmodelsjusingjFigurej1-
3.jDiscussjthejdifferencesjbetweenjanjenterprisejdatajmodeljandjajprojectjdatajmodel,jusingjFi
guresj1-3j(a)jandj(b).
6. Discussjeachjofjthejadvantagesjofjthejdatabasejapproachj(Tablej1-
TestjBank Pagej4
Test Bank for Modern Database Management, 13thEd
j j j j j j j
ition, Jeff Hoffer, Ramesh Venkataraman, HeikkiTopi, I
j j j j j j j
SBN-10: 0134877004, ISBN-13:
j j
9780134877006. All 14 Chapters
j j j
TestjBank Pagej1
, ModernjDatabasejManagement,j13thjEdition,jJeffjHoffer,jRamesh
Chapter 1 the Database Environment andDevelopme
j j j j j j
nt Process
j
Chapter Overview
j
Thejpurposejofjthisjchapterjisjtojintroducejstudentsjtojthejworldjofjdatajmanagementjasjajwhole,jandjspecificall
yjtojthejdatabasejapproachjtojinformationjsystemsjdevelopment,jthejimportantjconceptsjandjprinciplesjofjthejd
atabasejapproach,jandjthejdatabasejdevelopmentjprocessjwithinjthejbroaderjcontextjofjinformationjsystemsjde
velopment.jThisjisjanjimportantjchapterjbecausejitjconveysjajsensejofjthejcentraljimportancejofjdatabasesjandjd
atajmanagementjinjtoday’sjinformationjsystemsjenvironmentjandjinjalljmodernjenterprises.jThejideajofjanjorg
anizationaljdatabasejisjintuitivelyjappealingjtojmostjstudents.jHowever,jmanyjstudentsjwilljhavejlittlejorjnojba
ckgroundjorjexperiencejwithjthej technicaljimplementationjofjdatabases.jOthersjwilljhavejhadjsomejexperienc
ejwithjdatabasejmanagementjsystemsjintendedjforjpersonaljorjworkgroupjusej(suchjasjMicrosoftjAccess).jCon
sequently,jtheyjwilljhavejajlimitedjperspectivejconcerningjanjorganizationaljapproachjtojdatabases.
Inj thisj chapter,j wej introducej thej basicj conceptsj andj definitionsj ofj databasesj andj dataj management,jstart
ingjwithjanjorganizingjframeworkjthatjisjnewjtojthisjchapter.jWejcontrastjdatajwithjinformation,jandjintroducej
thejnotionjofjmetadatajandjitsjimportance.jWej alsojcontrastjthejdatabasejapproachjwithjolderjfilejprocessingjs
ystems,jandjintroducejthejPinejValleyjFurniturejCompanyjcasejtojillustratejthesejconcepts.jWejdescribejthejra
ngejofjdatabasejapplications,jfromjdatabasesjwithjajpersonaljorjworkgroupjscopejtojenterprisejdatabases,jandji
dentifyjkeyjdecisionsjthatjmustjbejmadejforjeachjtypejofjdatabase.jWejdescribejbothjthejpotentialjbenefitsjandjt
ypicaljcostsjofjusingjthejdatabasejapproach.jWejalsojtracejthejhistoricaljevolutionjofjdatabasejsystems,jinjorderj
tojprovidejajcontextjforjunderstandingjthejdatabasejapproachjforjdatajstoragejandjretrieval.jThejchapterjoutline
sjthejdifferencesjbetweenjtransactionaljandjinformationaljapproachesjandjhighlightsjthejwayjnew,janalytics-
focusedjtechnologiesjarejtransformingjdatajmanagement.
Thejchapterjalsojpresentsjanjexpandedjdescriptionjofjthejsystemsjdevelopmentjlifejcyclej(includingjanjintrodu
ctionjtojrapidjapplicationjdevelopmentjmethodsjofjprototypingjandjagilejsoftwarejdevelopment)jandj thejrolej o
fj databasej developmentj withinj it.jThej chapterj providesj anj updatedj descriptionj ofj thej well-
TestjBank Pagej2
, ModernjDatabasejManagement,j13thjEdition,jJeffjHoffer,jRamesh
knownjthree-
schemajarchitecturejandjusesjitjtojsummarizejthejvariousjdeliverablesjofjdatabasejdevelopment.jItjconcludesjw
ithjanjexamplejofjdatabasejdevelopmentjsituatedjinjthejcontextjthejPinejValleyjFurniturejCompanyjcase.
Chapter Objectives
j
Specificjstudentjlearningjobjectivesjarejincludedjatjthejbeginningjofjeachjchapter.jFromjanjinstructor’sjpointjo
fjview,jthejobjectivesjofjthisjchapterjarejto:
1. Createjajsensejofjexcitementjconcerningjthejdatajandjdatabasejmanagementjfieldjandjthejtypes
ofjjobjopportunitiesjthatjarejavailable.
j
2. Acquaintjstudentsjwithjthejbroadjspectrumjofjdatabasejapplicationsjandjhowjorganizationsjar
ejusingjdatabasejapplicationsjforjcompetitivejadvantage.
3. Introducejthejdatajmanagementjframeworkjthatjorganizesjthejbookjandjthejconceptualjspacejo
fjdatajmanagement,jhighlightingjhowjrelationaljtechnologiesjandjnon-
relationaljtechnologiesjcanjbejseenjasjpartjofjthejsamejspace.
4. Introducejthejkeyjtermsjandjdefinitionsjthatjdescribejthejdatabasejenvironment.
5. Describejdatajmodelsjandjhowjtheyjarejusedjtojcapturejthejnaturejandjrelationshipsjamongjdat
a.
6. Describejthejmajorjcomponentsjofjthejdatabasejenvironmentjandjhowjthesejcomponentsjinter
actjwithjeachjother.
7. Providejajreviewjofjsystemsjdevelopmentjmethodologies,jparticularlyjthejsystemsjdevelopm
entjlifejcycle,jprototyping,jandjagilejsoftwarejdevelopment;jbuildjanjunderstandingjofjhowjdat
abasejdevelopmentjisjalignedjwithjthesejmethodologies.
8. Developjanjunderstandingjofjthejdifferentjrolesjwithinjinjajdatabasejdevelopmentjteam.
9. Makej studentsj awarej ofj thej three-
schemaj architecturej andj itsj benefitsj forj databasej developmentjandjdesign.
10. Introducej thej Pinej Valleyj Furniturej Companyj case,j whichj isj usedj throughoutj thej textj tojillus
tratejimportantjconcepts.
11. Introducej thej Mountainj Viewj CommunityjHospitalj case,j whichj isj includedj atj thej endj ofjeac
hjchapterjasjajsourcejforjstudentjprojects.
TestjBank Pagej3
, ModernjDatabasejManagement,j13thjEdition,jJeffjHoffer,jRamesh
Key Terms
j
Agilejsoftwarejdevelopment Database Metadata
Conceptualjschema Databasejapplication Physicaljschema
Constraint Databasejmanagementjsystemj(DB Project
MS)
Data Enterprisejdatajmodeling Prototyping
Datajindependence Enterprisejresourcejplanningj(ERP) Relationaljdatabase
Datajmodel Entity Repository
Datajmodelingjandjdesignjtools Information Systemsj developmentj lifej cyclej (S
DLC)
Datajwarehouse Logicaljschema Userjview
Classroom Ideas j
1. Startjwithjajdiscussionjofjhowjstudentsjinteractjwithjsystemsjbuiltjonjdatabasesjonjajdailyjbasisj
(creditjcardjtransactions,jshoppingjcards,jtelephonejcalls,jcelljphonejcontactjlists,jdownloada
blejmusic,jetc.).jIfjyoujteachjinjajclassroomjwithjcomputers,jaskjstudentsjtojfindjexamplesjofj
Webjsitesjthatjappearjtojbejaccessingjdatabases.
2. Contrastj thej termsj ―data‖j andj ―information.‖j Usingj Figurej 1-
1j asj aj startingj point,j havejthejstudentsjprovidejsomejgoodjexamplesjofjdatajandjinformationjf
romjtheirjownjexperiences.jThisjmayjwelljleadjtojsomejdifferencesjofjopinion,jandjthejconclus
ionjthatjonejperson’sjdatajmayjbejanotherjperson’sjinformation.
3. IntroducejthejconceptjofjmetadatajusingjTablej1-
1.jAskjthejstudentsjtojsuggestjotherjmetadatajthatjmightjbejappropriatejforjthisjexample.
4. Discussjfilejprocessingjsystemsjandjtheirjlimitations,jusingjFigurej1-2jandjTablej1-
2.jEmphasizejthatjmanyjofjthesejsystemsjarejstilljinjusejtoday.
5. IntroducejdatajmodelsjusingjFigurej1-
3.jDiscussjthejdifferencesjbetweenjanjenterprisejdatajmodeljandjajprojectjdatajmodel,jusingjFi
guresj1-3j(a)jandj(b).
6. Discussjeachjofjthejadvantagesjofjthejdatabasejapproachj(Tablej1-
TestjBank Pagej4
