ELECTROLYSIS & LASER STATE
EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
Clear, lifeless matter deposited in the form of minute keratohyalin granules in the
protoplasm of living cells. Found in the stratum lucidum - Answer-Eleidin
What is the horny zone? - Answer-the outermost portion of the epidermis. Stratum
Corneum
What makes up the skin and its accessory organs, such as the sebaceous and
sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails? - Answer-Integumentary System
What is the protein found in the skin that helps guard against invasion? - Answer-
Keratin
What is the colorless, watery fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system;
similar in composition to blood plasma? - Answer-Lymph
A skin layer made of the stratum mucosum and the stratum germinativum - Answer-
Malpighian
What are nerve endings in the skin that are sensitive to touch? - Answer-Meissner's
Corpuscles
Chemicals produced by humans and other animals that, when secreted, influence
other members of the same species. - Answer-Pheromones
A deep layer of dermis; composed of dense bundles of collagen fiber; contains
vessels, glands, nerve endings, and follicles - Answer-Reticular Layer
Cone-shaped, finger-like projections that protrude into the epidermis - Answer-
Papillae
What are dendritic cells in the epidermis that have an immunologic function? -
Answer-Langerhans Cells
The dermal-epidermal junction - Answer-the basement membrane zone (BMZ).
Lamina lucida, basal lamina, anchoring fibrils
Sweat glands responsible for body odor, located in the axillae and anogenital areas -
Answer-Apocrine Gland
What is terminal hair? - Answer-hair found on the scalp. arms, legs, axillae, and
pubic area (post puberty)
An amino acid present in melanocytes - Answer-Tyrosine
,What is Purpura? - Answer-2D bruise, laser bruise caused by excessive joules
What is Dermatographia? - Answer-writing on the skin
what is dermatitis artifacta? - Answer-lesions produced by the patient. Ex. cutting,
inflicting on oneself.
Skin cancer types - Answer-1. basal cell carcinoma - most common
2. squamous cell carcinoma
3. malignant melanoma - most deadly
skin types I & II are the most susceptible
Types of moles - Answer-congenital or malignant.
A, B, C, D, E
1. Asymmetric
2. Border
3. Color
4. Diameter
5. Elevation
What is psoriasis? - Answer-red patches covered with shiny, silvery scales.
Erythematous located mostly on the elbows and neck
What is Tinea? - Answer-known as ringworm. Small, reddened patch of veciscles
that spread outwards and heal in the center.
Tinea Barbae = face = barber's itch
Tinea Capitis = head
Tinea Pedis = webs of feet
Tinea Corporis = body
What is milia? - Answer-whiteheads; accumulation of keratinized cells and sebum
enclosed in blind ducts
What is folliculitis? - Answer-inflammation of one or more hair follicles which
produces small boils caused by staphylococci.
Superficial = epidermis
Deep = in the dermis
What is a macule? - Answer-a flat lesion that differs in color from surrounding skin
(<1 cm in diameter), neither raised nor sunken.
ex. freckle
macule >> patch (bigger than 5mm)
What is pseudofolliculitis barbae? - Answer-razor bumps, no pustules, ingrown hairs
what is actinic? - Answer-"Sailor Skin"; old age spots = precursor to melanoma
, What to do if client has allergy to metal? - Answer-do NOT use stainless steel. You
MUST use gold, silver, or platinum.
Hair Depth - Answer-needles need to be longer than the hair depth = follicle depth.
Distance from the surface of the epidermis to the bottom of the bulb
Treating gray hair with electrolysis - Answer-always expect to insert deeper when
entering a follicle. In the early anagen stage the emerging hair almost always
appears as the patron's original color.
Diameter of Needles - Answer-5 Sizes
1 - Smallest , 5 = Largest (Diameter)
1 = short
1 = normal
1 = long
Ex. size 4 = 0.004
The Needle - Answer-always requires sterilization if the needle is reusable (they will
not be reusable - always dispose immediately after use to avoid contamination/
infection)
what is the bulb test? - Answer-clipping one clip to any metal portion of the
electrolysis unit and the 2nd clip to the metal portion at the end of the needle. (pg.
169)
What is the purpose of an insulated needle? - Answer-to protect the epidermis from
damage. Skin does not come into contact with the current.
What are the six functions of the skin? - Answer-absorption, sensation heat
regulation, excretion, Elimination, Protection (A.S.H.E.E.P)
What are the two layers of the dermis? - Answer-papillary and reticular
What is the interphase of the cell cycle? - Answer-Period between division; cell
growth and DNA replication. Resting Stage
What is a follicle? - Answer-follicular canal = depression located on epidermis.
Houses entire pilosebaceous unit
Function of acid mantle - Answer-the bacteria-killing layer made of sweat and lipids.
Where is the hair matrix located? - Answer-located in the bulb. Mitosis occurs here
(Stratum Germinativum).
where is the Stratum Germinativum? - Answer-the lowest layer of the epidermis and
is in contact with the dermis.
EXAM STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS
WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
Clear, lifeless matter deposited in the form of minute keratohyalin granules in the
protoplasm of living cells. Found in the stratum lucidum - Answer-Eleidin
What is the horny zone? - Answer-the outermost portion of the epidermis. Stratum
Corneum
What makes up the skin and its accessory organs, such as the sebaceous and
sweat glands, sensory receptors, hair, and nails? - Answer-Integumentary System
What is the protein found in the skin that helps guard against invasion? - Answer-
Keratin
What is the colorless, watery fluid that circulates through the lymphatic system;
similar in composition to blood plasma? - Answer-Lymph
A skin layer made of the stratum mucosum and the stratum germinativum - Answer-
Malpighian
What are nerve endings in the skin that are sensitive to touch? - Answer-Meissner's
Corpuscles
Chemicals produced by humans and other animals that, when secreted, influence
other members of the same species. - Answer-Pheromones
A deep layer of dermis; composed of dense bundles of collagen fiber; contains
vessels, glands, nerve endings, and follicles - Answer-Reticular Layer
Cone-shaped, finger-like projections that protrude into the epidermis - Answer-
Papillae
What are dendritic cells in the epidermis that have an immunologic function? -
Answer-Langerhans Cells
The dermal-epidermal junction - Answer-the basement membrane zone (BMZ).
Lamina lucida, basal lamina, anchoring fibrils
Sweat glands responsible for body odor, located in the axillae and anogenital areas -
Answer-Apocrine Gland
What is terminal hair? - Answer-hair found on the scalp. arms, legs, axillae, and
pubic area (post puberty)
An amino acid present in melanocytes - Answer-Tyrosine
,What is Purpura? - Answer-2D bruise, laser bruise caused by excessive joules
What is Dermatographia? - Answer-writing on the skin
what is dermatitis artifacta? - Answer-lesions produced by the patient. Ex. cutting,
inflicting on oneself.
Skin cancer types - Answer-1. basal cell carcinoma - most common
2. squamous cell carcinoma
3. malignant melanoma - most deadly
skin types I & II are the most susceptible
Types of moles - Answer-congenital or malignant.
A, B, C, D, E
1. Asymmetric
2. Border
3. Color
4. Diameter
5. Elevation
What is psoriasis? - Answer-red patches covered with shiny, silvery scales.
Erythematous located mostly on the elbows and neck
What is Tinea? - Answer-known as ringworm. Small, reddened patch of veciscles
that spread outwards and heal in the center.
Tinea Barbae = face = barber's itch
Tinea Capitis = head
Tinea Pedis = webs of feet
Tinea Corporis = body
What is milia? - Answer-whiteheads; accumulation of keratinized cells and sebum
enclosed in blind ducts
What is folliculitis? - Answer-inflammation of one or more hair follicles which
produces small boils caused by staphylococci.
Superficial = epidermis
Deep = in the dermis
What is a macule? - Answer-a flat lesion that differs in color from surrounding skin
(<1 cm in diameter), neither raised nor sunken.
ex. freckle
macule >> patch (bigger than 5mm)
What is pseudofolliculitis barbae? - Answer-razor bumps, no pustules, ingrown hairs
what is actinic? - Answer-"Sailor Skin"; old age spots = precursor to melanoma
, What to do if client has allergy to metal? - Answer-do NOT use stainless steel. You
MUST use gold, silver, or platinum.
Hair Depth - Answer-needles need to be longer than the hair depth = follicle depth.
Distance from the surface of the epidermis to the bottom of the bulb
Treating gray hair with electrolysis - Answer-always expect to insert deeper when
entering a follicle. In the early anagen stage the emerging hair almost always
appears as the patron's original color.
Diameter of Needles - Answer-5 Sizes
1 - Smallest , 5 = Largest (Diameter)
1 = short
1 = normal
1 = long
Ex. size 4 = 0.004
The Needle - Answer-always requires sterilization if the needle is reusable (they will
not be reusable - always dispose immediately after use to avoid contamination/
infection)
what is the bulb test? - Answer-clipping one clip to any metal portion of the
electrolysis unit and the 2nd clip to the metal portion at the end of the needle. (pg.
169)
What is the purpose of an insulated needle? - Answer-to protect the epidermis from
damage. Skin does not come into contact with the current.
What are the six functions of the skin? - Answer-absorption, sensation heat
regulation, excretion, Elimination, Protection (A.S.H.E.E.P)
What are the two layers of the dermis? - Answer-papillary and reticular
What is the interphase of the cell cycle? - Answer-Period between division; cell
growth and DNA replication. Resting Stage
What is a follicle? - Answer-follicular canal = depression located on epidermis.
Houses entire pilosebaceous unit
Function of acid mantle - Answer-the bacteria-killing layer made of sweat and lipids.
Where is the hair matrix located? - Answer-located in the bulb. Mitosis occurs here
(Stratum Germinativum).
where is the Stratum Germinativum? - Answer-the lowest layer of the epidermis and
is in contact with the dermis.
