HESI PN Mental Health Exam Prep Questions & Knowledge Review Questions And Answers.

HESI PN Mental Health Exam Prep
Questions & Knowledge Review
Questions And Answers.

A married male client with three children has lost his job and states that he feels
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useless. He is tearful, upset, and embarrassed. What is an appropriate objective of
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care for this client?
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1. jkjl Limiting tearfulness jkjl



2. jkjl Increasing self-esteem jkjl



3. jkjl Controlling feelings of sadness jkjl jkjl jkjl



4. jkjl Promoting acceptance by others - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 2. Increasing self-esteem jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl




The loss of a job can precipitate negative feelings about the self and decrease self-
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esteem. Feelings should be expressed, not limited; attempting to decrease a client's
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crying often ends up worsening it. Crying is not necessarily an expression of
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sadness; other feelings are involved. The focus should be on the client's self-
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acceptance, not acceptance by others. jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl




A 44-year-old client has been unable to function since her husband asked for a
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divorce 2 weeks ago. She is brought to the crisis intervention center by a friend.
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What type of crisis is this situation?
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1. jkjl Social
2. jkjl Situational
3. jkjl Maturational
4. jkjl Developmental - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 2. Situational jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl




Situational crises involve an unanticipated loss, such as a divorce, that is threatening
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to the client. Social crises involve multiple losses such as those occurring during
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major disasters. Maturational crises occur in response to stress experienced as one
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struggles with developmental tasks. Developmental (maturational) crises are
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associated with developmental tasks; divorce is not a developmental task.
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A resident in a nursing home recently immigrated to the United States from Italy. How
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does the nurse plan to provide emotional support?
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1. By offering choices consistent with the client's heritage
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2. By ensuring that the client understands American beliefs
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3. By assisting the client in adjusting to the American culture
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4. By correcting the client's misconceptions about appropriate health practices -
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Verified ANS ✔✔ - 1. By offering choices consistent with the client's heritage
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,Adherence to a plan of care is enhanced by the nurse's providing choices consistent
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with the client's cultural beliefs and practices. The nurse's cultural or personal beliefs
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and biases should not influence or interfere with the implementation of appropriate
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care. Helping the client adjust to the American culture is not the priority at this time;
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care should be adapted to the client's needs and culture. The person's cultural
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practices should not be addressed unless they are detrimental to the person's health.
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A nurse should reassess an older adult client's needs and current plan of care when
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the client's behavior indicates the development of what symptom?
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1. jkjl Confusion
2. jkjl Hypochondriasis
3. jkjl Additional complaints jkjl



4. jkjl Increased socialization - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 1. Confusion jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl




The development of confusion indicates that the client's ability to maintain equilibrium
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has not been achieved and that further disequilibrium is occurring. Hypochondriasis
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and additional complaints do not indicate that the plan needs to be changed unless
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the client's history demonstrates no prior use of these defenses. Increased
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socialization is a positive response to the plan of care that does not require
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reassessment.
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An injured child is brought to the emergency department by the parents. While
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interviewing the parents, the nurse begins to suspect child abuse. Which parental
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behaviors might support this conclusion? Select all that apply.
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1. Demonstrating concern for the injured child
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2. Focusing on the child's role in sustaining the injury
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3. Changing the story of how the child sustained the injury
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4. Asking questions about the injury and the child's prognosis
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5. Giving an explanation of how the injury occurred that is not consistent with the
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injury - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 2. Focusing on the child's role in sustaining the injury
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3. Changing the story of how the child sustained the injury
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5. Giving an explanation of how the injury occurred that is not consistent with the
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injury
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The child is often made the scapegoat in the situation; the parents blame the child
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because they have unrealistic expectations of the child. Discrepancies or
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inconsistencies in the history result from attempts to present a story that is not based
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in fact. Discrepancies between the parental explanation for the child's injuries and
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the physical findings or discrepancies in the history that each parent gives are
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common because the information that is being provided is not based in fact. Abusive
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parents usually do not ask questions about the injury or prognosis and demonstrate
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little or no interest in their child's well-being.
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A nurse is planning to teach a client about self-care. What level of anxiety will best
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enhance the client's learning abilities?
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1. Mild jkjl



2. Panic jkjl

,3. Severejkjl



4. Moderate - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 1. Mild
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Mild anxiety motivates one to action, such as learning or making changes. Higher
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levels of anxiety tend to blur the individual's perceptions and interfere with
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functioning. Attention is severely reduced by panic. The perceptual field is greatly
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reduced with severe anxiety and narrowed with moderate anxiety.
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A nurse is caring for depressed older adults. What precipitating factors for depression
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are most common in the older adult without cognitive problems? Select all that apply.
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1. jkjl Dementia
2. jkjl Multiple losses jkjl



3. jkjl Declines in health jkjl jkjl



4. jkjl A milestone birthday
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5. jkjl An injury requiring hospitalization - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 2. Multiple losses
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3. jkjl Declines in health jkjl jkjl




Depression in the older adult is most often associated with the loss of family
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members and friends (e.g., death, relocation) and declines in mobility, health, and
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income. A decline in health, particularly when associated with a chronic illness,
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frequently precipitates depression in older adults. Dementia is a cognitive problem.
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Research does not correlate the onset of depression with a milestone birthday in
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older adults. A traumatic injury does not precipitate the onset of depression in the
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older adult as often as does a chronic illness.
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The nurse observes biting, rocking, sucking, and lags in intellectual development in a
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child. She also concludes the child is suffering from sleep disorders. What could be
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the reason for the child's condition?
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1. jkjl Physical neglect jkjl



2. jkjl Sexual abuse jkjl



3. jkjl Physical abuse jkjl



4. jkjl Emotional abuse - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 4. Emotional abuse jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl




The child may be neglected if the parent is having a mental illness such as
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psychosis. Sleep disorders, feeding disorders, biting, rocking, sucking, and lags in
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intellectual development are behavioral findings associated with emotional abuse.
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Physical neglect, sexual abuse, and physical abuse manifest in different sets of signs
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and symptoms.
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Which emotional condition may be apparent in a client with an addiction?
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1. jkjl Insomnia
2. jkjl Social isolation jkjl



3. jkjl Acute confusion jkjl



4. jkjl Functional urinary incontinence - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 2. Social isolation jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl

, Social isolation is an emotional condition that may be apparent in a client with an
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addiction. Insomnia, acute confusion, and functional urinary incontinence are
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physical, not emotional, conditions that may be apparent in clients with addiction.
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A client who has been battling cancer of the ovary for 7 years is admitted to the
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hospital in a debilitated state. The healthcare provider tells the client that she is too
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frail for surgery or further chemotherapy. When making rounds during the night, the
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nurse enters the client's room and finds her crying. Which is the most appropriate
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intervention by the nurse?
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1. Sit down quietly next to the bed and allow her to cry.
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2. Pull the curtain and leave the room to provide privacy for the client.
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3. Explain to the client that her feelings are expected and they will pass with time.
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4. Observe the length of time the client cries and document her difficulty accepting
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her impending death. - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 1. Sit down quietly next to the bed and
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allow her to cry.
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Sitting down quietly next to the bed and allowing her to cry demonstrates acceptance
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of the client's behavior and provides an opportunity for the client to verbally express
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feelings if desired. Pulling the curtain and leaving the room to provide privacy for the
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client may make the client feel that the behavior is wrong or is annoying others.
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Also, it abandons the client when support is needed. Explaining to the client that her
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feelings are expected and they will pass with time closes off communication and
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does not provide an opportunity for the client to talk about feelings. Also, it provides
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false reassurance. The length of time she cries is unimportant at this time. Assuming
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that she is having difficulty accepting her impending death is a conclusion without
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enough information.
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Which of these are symptoms of depression commonly observed in older adults?
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Select all that apply.
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1. jkjl Fatigue
2. jkjl Sadness
3. jkjl Agitation
4. jkjl Increased sleep jkjl



5. jkjl Increased appetite - Verified ANS ✔✔ - 1. Fatigue jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl jkjl



2. jkjl Sadness
3. jkjl Agitation

Symptoms of depression that are often observed in older adults include fatigue,
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sadness, and agitation. Insomnia is more likely than increased sleep to occur in
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depressed older adults. Anorexia, rather than increased appetite, is more likely to
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occur in depressed older adults.
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A nurse is aware that after the administration of alprazolam (Xanax) is started, it is
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important to observe the client for side effects. What is the nurse's initial action?
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1. Measuring the client's urine output
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2. Examining the client's pupils daily
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3. Checking the client's blood pressure
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