MED SURG HESI PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS |
TESTED AND PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 100% (GRADE A+)
The nurse is assisting a client out of bed for the first time after surgery. What action should the
nurse do first?
Ans>> Allow the client to sit with the bed in a high Fowler's position.
Rationale
The first step is to raise the head of the bed to a high Fowler's position, which allow venous return
to compensate from lying flat and the vasodilation effects of perioperative drugs. This helps
prevent the client from becoming light-headed and decreases the chance of a client fall.
After the fourth dose of gentamicin sulfate (Garamycin) IV, the nurse plans to draw blood
samples to determine peak and trough levels. When are the best times to draw these samples?
Ans>> 5 minutes before and 30 minutes after the next dose.
Rationale
1
,Peak drug serum levels are achieved 30 minutes after the completion of the IV infusion of
gentamicin sulfate. The best time to draw a trough is the closest time to the next administration.
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism, the nurse expects the laboratory
test results to indicate an increased serum level of which substance?
Ans>> Sodium.
Rationale
Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit an increase in serum sodium levels (hypernatremia) and
have profound decline in the serum levels of potassium (hypokalemia)--hypertension is the most
prominent and universal sign. Antidiuretic hormone is decreased with diabetes insipidus. Glucose is
not affected by primary aldosteronism.
Which milestone indicates to the nurse successful achievement of young adulthood?
Ans>> Completes education and becomes self-supporting.
Rationale
2
,Transitioning through young adulthood is characterized by establishing independence as an adult,
and includes developmental tasks such as completing education, beginning a career, and
becoming self-supporting (B). (A and C) are characteristic of adolescence. Although strong bonds
with parents are an expected finding for this age group, the need for support and approval (D)
indicates dependency, which is a developmental delay.
The nurse is assessing a client who smokes cigarettes and has been diagnosed with emphysema.
Which finding would the nurse expect this client to exhibit?
Ans>> Normal skin coloring.
Rationale
The differentiation between the "pink puffer" and the "blue bloater" is a well-known method of
differentiating clients exhibiting symptoms of emphysema (normal color but puffing respirations)
from those exhibiting symptoms of chronic bronchitis (edematous, cyanotic, shallow respirations).
A male client who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day states he understands that smoking
cigarettes is contributing to the difficulty that he and his wife are having in getting pregnant and
3
, wants to know if other factors could be contributing to their difficulty. What information is best for
the nurse to provide? (Select all that apply.)
Ans>> Alcohol consumption can cause erectile dysfunction.
Low testosterone levels affect sperm production.
Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility.
Rationale
Use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana may affect sperm counts. Sperm count is also negatively
affected by low testerone levels and obesity.
The nurse working on a telemetry unit finds a client unconscious and in pulseless ventricular
tachycardia (VT). The client has an implanted automatic defibrillator. What action should the
nurse implement?
Ans>> Shock the client with 200 joules per hospital policy.
Rationale
4
TESTED AND PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE
2024/2025 100% (GRADE A+)
The nurse is assisting a client out of bed for the first time after surgery. What action should the
nurse do first?
Ans>> Allow the client to sit with the bed in a high Fowler's position.
Rationale
The first step is to raise the head of the bed to a high Fowler's position, which allow venous return
to compensate from lying flat and the vasodilation effects of perioperative drugs. This helps
prevent the client from becoming light-headed and decreases the chance of a client fall.
After the fourth dose of gentamicin sulfate (Garamycin) IV, the nurse plans to draw blood
samples to determine peak and trough levels. When are the best times to draw these samples?
Ans>> 5 minutes before and 30 minutes after the next dose.
Rationale
1
,Peak drug serum levels are achieved 30 minutes after the completion of the IV infusion of
gentamicin sulfate. The best time to draw a trough is the closest time to the next administration.
In assessing a client diagnosed with primary hyperaldosteronism, the nurse expects the laboratory
test results to indicate an increased serum level of which substance?
Ans>> Sodium.
Rationale
Clients with primary aldosteronism exhibit an increase in serum sodium levels (hypernatremia) and
have profound decline in the serum levels of potassium (hypokalemia)--hypertension is the most
prominent and universal sign. Antidiuretic hormone is decreased with diabetes insipidus. Glucose is
not affected by primary aldosteronism.
Which milestone indicates to the nurse successful achievement of young adulthood?
Ans>> Completes education and becomes self-supporting.
Rationale
2
,Transitioning through young adulthood is characterized by establishing independence as an adult,
and includes developmental tasks such as completing education, beginning a career, and
becoming self-supporting (B). (A and C) are characteristic of adolescence. Although strong bonds
with parents are an expected finding for this age group, the need for support and approval (D)
indicates dependency, which is a developmental delay.
The nurse is assessing a client who smokes cigarettes and has been diagnosed with emphysema.
Which finding would the nurse expect this client to exhibit?
Ans>> Normal skin coloring.
Rationale
The differentiation between the "pink puffer" and the "blue bloater" is a well-known method of
differentiating clients exhibiting symptoms of emphysema (normal color but puffing respirations)
from those exhibiting symptoms of chronic bronchitis (edematous, cyanotic, shallow respirations).
A male client who smokes two packs of cigarettes a day states he understands that smoking
cigarettes is contributing to the difficulty that he and his wife are having in getting pregnant and
3
, wants to know if other factors could be contributing to their difficulty. What information is best for
the nurse to provide? (Select all that apply.)
Ans>> Alcohol consumption can cause erectile dysfunction.
Low testosterone levels affect sperm production.
Cessation of smoking improves general health and fertility.
Rationale
Use of tobacco, alcohol, and marijuana may affect sperm counts. Sperm count is also negatively
affected by low testerone levels and obesity.
The nurse working on a telemetry unit finds a client unconscious and in pulseless ventricular
tachycardia (VT). The client has an implanted automatic defibrillator. What action should the
nurse implement?
Ans>> Shock the client with 200 joules per hospital policy.
Rationale
4
