HESI: PHARMACOLOGY QUESTIONS | TESTED AND
PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
100% (GRADE A+)
A female client is receiving tamoxifen following surgery for breast cancer. She reports the onset
of hot flashes to the nurse. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Instruct the client that hot flashes are a side effect that often occurs with the use of this
medication
B. Encourage the client to verbalize her feelings and fears about the recurrence of her breast
cancer
C. Help the client schedule an appointment for evaluation of the need to increase the dose of
medication
D. Notify the HCP that the client needs immediate evaluation for medication toxicity
Ans>> Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamoxifen is an estrogen receptor blocker used to treat breast carcinoma. Hot flashes
are a common side effect. If the hot flashes become bothersome, the client can be instructed in
measures to reduce the discomfort. Hot flashes are not an indication of option B, C, or D.
1
,The charge nurse is reviewing the admission history and physical data for four clients newly
admitted to the unit. Which client is at greater risk for adverse reactions to medications?
A. 30-year-old man with a fracture
B. 7-year-old child with an ear infection
C. 75-year-old woman with liver disease
D. 50-year-old man with an URI
Ans>> Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Impaired hepatic metabolic pathways for drug and chemical degradation place option
C at greatest risk for adverse reactions to medications based on advancing age and liver
disease. Options A and D have no predisposing factors, such as genetics, pathophysiologic
dysfunction, or drug allergies, that would increase the risk for cumulative toxicity or ADRs. Option
B is at risk for dose-related adverse reactions but is at less risk than option C.
A client is ordered 22 mg of gentamicin by IM injection. The drug is available in 20 mg/2 mL.
How many milliliters should be administered?
A. 1.8
B. 2.0
2
,C. 2.4
D. 2.2
Ans>> Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
(22 mg/20 mg) × (x mL/2 mL) = 22x = 40x = 2.2 mL
A client with metastatic cancer reports severe continuous pain. Which route of administration
should the nurse use to provide the most effective continuous analgesia?
A. Oral
B. Intravenous (IV)
D. Transdermal
D. Intramuscular (IM)
Ans>> Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Continuous pain is best managed by maintaining a constant serum drug level.
Transdermal drug administration of an analgesic provides around-the-clock, controlled release of
the medication that is absorbed through intact skin into the bloodstream to provide continuous
3
, pain relief. Option A is convenient, but gastrointestinal variables affect the absorption rate of the
drug, its onset and intensity, and duration of response and requires repeated doses around the
clock. Option B provides immediate action because the drug is infused directly into the
bloodstream and is quickly metabolized, and repeated IV doses are required to maintain a
continuous blood level. Option D requires repeated injections at regular intervals, which are
uncomfortable, and absorption rates vary between muscle sites.
Minocycline, 50 mg PO every 8 hours, is prescribed for an adolescent girl diagnosed with acne.
The nurse discusses self-care with the client while she is taking the medication. Which teaching
points should be included in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
A. Report vaginal itching or discharge
B. Take the medication at 0800, 1500, and 2200 hours
C. Protect skin from natural and artificial UV light
D. Avoid drinking until response to medication is known
E. Take with an antacid tablet to prevent nausea
F. use a non-hormonal method of contraception if sexually active
Ans>> Correct Answer: A, C, D, F
4
PROVEN ANSWERS | LATEST UPDATE 2024/2025
100% (GRADE A+)
A female client is receiving tamoxifen following surgery for breast cancer. She reports the onset
of hot flashes to the nurse. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
A. Instruct the client that hot flashes are a side effect that often occurs with the use of this
medication
B. Encourage the client to verbalize her feelings and fears about the recurrence of her breast
cancer
C. Help the client schedule an appointment for evaluation of the need to increase the dose of
medication
D. Notify the HCP that the client needs immediate evaluation for medication toxicity
Ans>> Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tamoxifen is an estrogen receptor blocker used to treat breast carcinoma. Hot flashes
are a common side effect. If the hot flashes become bothersome, the client can be instructed in
measures to reduce the discomfort. Hot flashes are not an indication of option B, C, or D.
1
,The charge nurse is reviewing the admission history and physical data for four clients newly
admitted to the unit. Which client is at greater risk for adverse reactions to medications?
A. 30-year-old man with a fracture
B. 7-year-old child with an ear infection
C. 75-year-old woman with liver disease
D. 50-year-old man with an URI
Ans>> Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Impaired hepatic metabolic pathways for drug and chemical degradation place option
C at greatest risk for adverse reactions to medications based on advancing age and liver
disease. Options A and D have no predisposing factors, such as genetics, pathophysiologic
dysfunction, or drug allergies, that would increase the risk for cumulative toxicity or ADRs. Option
B is at risk for dose-related adverse reactions but is at less risk than option C.
A client is ordered 22 mg of gentamicin by IM injection. The drug is available in 20 mg/2 mL.
How many milliliters should be administered?
A. 1.8
B. 2.0
2
,C. 2.4
D. 2.2
Ans>> Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
(22 mg/20 mg) × (x mL/2 mL) = 22x = 40x = 2.2 mL
A client with metastatic cancer reports severe continuous pain. Which route of administration
should the nurse use to provide the most effective continuous analgesia?
A. Oral
B. Intravenous (IV)
D. Transdermal
D. Intramuscular (IM)
Ans>> Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Continuous pain is best managed by maintaining a constant serum drug level.
Transdermal drug administration of an analgesic provides around-the-clock, controlled release of
the medication that is absorbed through intact skin into the bloodstream to provide continuous
3
, pain relief. Option A is convenient, but gastrointestinal variables affect the absorption rate of the
drug, its onset and intensity, and duration of response and requires repeated doses around the
clock. Option B provides immediate action because the drug is infused directly into the
bloodstream and is quickly metabolized, and repeated IV doses are required to maintain a
continuous blood level. Option D requires repeated injections at regular intervals, which are
uncomfortable, and absorption rates vary between muscle sites.
Minocycline, 50 mg PO every 8 hours, is prescribed for an adolescent girl diagnosed with acne.
The nurse discusses self-care with the client while she is taking the medication. Which teaching
points should be included in the discussion? (Select all that apply.)
A. Report vaginal itching or discharge
B. Take the medication at 0800, 1500, and 2200 hours
C. Protect skin from natural and artificial UV light
D. Avoid drinking until response to medication is known
E. Take with an antacid tablet to prevent nausea
F. use a non-hormonal method of contraception if sexually active
Ans>> Correct Answer: A, C, D, F
4
