ANT 2100 Exam Questions and
Answers 100% Pass
Antiquarianism - ✔✔Of or relating to antiquarians or to the study or collecting of antiquities.
Speculation - ✔✔The forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence. Rampant at the beginning
of archaeology.
Etruscan Painting - ✔✔Difficult to analyse due to state of preservation, found in tombs. Painted
underground tomb -around 650BC
Etruscan Statuary - ✔✔Masterful, found on temples!
Pompeii - ✔✔Site of one of the first excavations. Buried under volcanic ash after the eruption of Mount
Vesuvius. Rediscovered in 1748. Initially the attraction was ancient artifacts which evolved until it
influenced style. Recorded excavations begun in 1860.
Etruscan Horses (Tarquinia) - ✔✔On the top margin of an Etruscan temple. Very realistic. Made around
650 BC, 2000 years before we had large clay figures. Demonstrate a high level of human artistic expertise.
Issue of Fakes - ✔✔Very lucrative. People create fakes in order to sell them.
Looting - ✔✔People dig up artifacts in order to sell them. Destroyed many sites, still a problem in many
areas.
Issue of value of an artifact - ✔✔Worth a lot of money on the black market.
Early Museums - ✔✔Started as a place to store, collect and display artifacts.
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,Extinct Species - ✔✔Some species of humans are extinct too as well as animals.
Dinosaurs - ✔✔65 million years old. An example of megafauna.
Megafauna - ✔✔True Dinosaurs (65 milllion) abound along with other more recent (50000 years old)
critters. Mammoths, mastodons, saber tooth cats, giant armadillos, short faced cave bears, tapir.
Sue - ✔✔Found at the Chicago Field Museum, this is a large skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus Rex
Fairy Arrows - ✔✔One of the early explanations for stone blades.
Petrified Lightning Bolts - ✔✔One of the early explanations for stone blades.
Mummies and Bog Bodies - ✔✔Popping up and intriguing people.
Bog bodies: These preserved human remains have survived due to being immersed in marshy,
waterlogged environment in the peat of Northern Europe.
Ethnography - ✔✔A subset of cultural anthropology concerned with the study of contemporary cultures
through first-hand observation.
Ethnographic studies of 'traditional', 'native', 'other' people - different tradition than what could be
observed in Europe - makes a clearer connection to Anthropology.
Mission San Luis - ✔✔Reconstruction of an Appalachee settlement.
'Testing' the Historic Record - ✔✔Early historic accounts of New World people are useful but always
have to be carefully examined because they're not always 100% accurate. (ethnohistoric approach)
Fish Weirs - ✔✔Used to trap fish, prominent in Florida.
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, Thomas Jefferson - ✔✔(1743-1826). He conducted the first scientific excavation in Virginia in 1784 at a
burial mound on his property.
First US archaeologist. His work had little actual impact though. He used stratigraphy, deductive
reasoning and reported what he did and thought. He worked on the mounds and determined that the
ancestors of Indians built the mounds.
Mounds and who Built Them - ✔✔Mounds were found to the east of the Mississippi and were allegedly
built by the lost race of the moundbuilders. Later however it was proven that they were built by the
ancestors of Native Americans.
Lost Race of the Moundbuilders - ✔✔Supposed builders of the unexplained mounds found east of the
Mississippi.
Pretty wild period of speculation really into the last 1890s in some cases. Gradually, people are getting
away from the totally bogus interpretations. And we're getting better and better with respect to field
techniques - English particularly in the early 20th century - Pitt-Rivers, Flinders Petrie, Mortimer Wheeler
and in the US Havens, Powell and Cyrus Thomas.
Augustus Lane- Fox Pitt-Rivers - ✔✔1827-1900
He pioneered the technique of total recording and printed descriptions of his meticulous excavations at
Cranborne Chase in southern England, which set a new standard in archaeological publication.
Flinders Petrie - ✔✔Petrie excavated in Egypt for the Egypt Exploration Fund (EEF) from 1884 to 1886,
but felt he needed more independence. In 1894, he founded his own archaeological body, the Egyptian
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
Answers 100% Pass
Antiquarianism - ✔✔Of or relating to antiquarians or to the study or collecting of antiquities.
Speculation - ✔✔The forming of a theory or conjecture without firm evidence. Rampant at the beginning
of archaeology.
Etruscan Painting - ✔✔Difficult to analyse due to state of preservation, found in tombs. Painted
underground tomb -around 650BC
Etruscan Statuary - ✔✔Masterful, found on temples!
Pompeii - ✔✔Site of one of the first excavations. Buried under volcanic ash after the eruption of Mount
Vesuvius. Rediscovered in 1748. Initially the attraction was ancient artifacts which evolved until it
influenced style. Recorded excavations begun in 1860.
Etruscan Horses (Tarquinia) - ✔✔On the top margin of an Etruscan temple. Very realistic. Made around
650 BC, 2000 years before we had large clay figures. Demonstrate a high level of human artistic expertise.
Issue of Fakes - ✔✔Very lucrative. People create fakes in order to sell them.
Looting - ✔✔People dig up artifacts in order to sell them. Destroyed many sites, still a problem in many
areas.
Issue of value of an artifact - ✔✔Worth a lot of money on the black market.
Early Museums - ✔✔Started as a place to store, collect and display artifacts.
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Extinct Species - ✔✔Some species of humans are extinct too as well as animals.
Dinosaurs - ✔✔65 million years old. An example of megafauna.
Megafauna - ✔✔True Dinosaurs (65 milllion) abound along with other more recent (50000 years old)
critters. Mammoths, mastodons, saber tooth cats, giant armadillos, short faced cave bears, tapir.
Sue - ✔✔Found at the Chicago Field Museum, this is a large skeleton of a Tyrannosaurus Rex
Fairy Arrows - ✔✔One of the early explanations for stone blades.
Petrified Lightning Bolts - ✔✔One of the early explanations for stone blades.
Mummies and Bog Bodies - ✔✔Popping up and intriguing people.
Bog bodies: These preserved human remains have survived due to being immersed in marshy,
waterlogged environment in the peat of Northern Europe.
Ethnography - ✔✔A subset of cultural anthropology concerned with the study of contemporary cultures
through first-hand observation.
Ethnographic studies of 'traditional', 'native', 'other' people - different tradition than what could be
observed in Europe - makes a clearer connection to Anthropology.
Mission San Luis - ✔✔Reconstruction of an Appalachee settlement.
'Testing' the Historic Record - ✔✔Early historic accounts of New World people are useful but always
have to be carefully examined because they're not always 100% accurate. (ethnohistoric approach)
Fish Weirs - ✔✔Used to trap fish, prominent in Florida.
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
, Thomas Jefferson - ✔✔(1743-1826). He conducted the first scientific excavation in Virginia in 1784 at a
burial mound on his property.
First US archaeologist. His work had little actual impact though. He used stratigraphy, deductive
reasoning and reported what he did and thought. He worked on the mounds and determined that the
ancestors of Indians built the mounds.
Mounds and who Built Them - ✔✔Mounds were found to the east of the Mississippi and were allegedly
built by the lost race of the moundbuilders. Later however it was proven that they were built by the
ancestors of Native Americans.
Lost Race of the Moundbuilders - ✔✔Supposed builders of the unexplained mounds found east of the
Mississippi.
Pretty wild period of speculation really into the last 1890s in some cases. Gradually, people are getting
away from the totally bogus interpretations. And we're getting better and better with respect to field
techniques - English particularly in the early 20th century - Pitt-Rivers, Flinders Petrie, Mortimer Wheeler
and in the US Havens, Powell and Cyrus Thomas.
Augustus Lane- Fox Pitt-Rivers - ✔✔1827-1900
He pioneered the technique of total recording and printed descriptions of his meticulous excavations at
Cranborne Chase in southern England, which set a new standard in archaeological publication.
Flinders Petrie - ✔✔Petrie excavated in Egypt for the Egypt Exploration Fund (EEF) from 1884 to 1886,
but felt he needed more independence. In 1894, he founded his own archaeological body, the Egyptian
EMILY CHARLENE © 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
