GCU BIO-201 Exam 2 Questions &
Answers 100% Correct!
What are the 5 layers of the skin?
(From deep to superficial) - ANSWERSStratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum (only in palms and soles of feet)
Stratum Corneum
What causes osteoporosis? - ANSWERSDeficiency of calcium
What hormone is released when CA levels are too high? - ANSWERSCalcitonin (*Think
"can tone it down")
What hormone(s) is released when CA levels are too low? - ANSWERSParathyroid &
Calcitriol
Whats the difference between Appositional growth & Epiphyseal growth? -
ANSWERSAppositional grows in width
Epiphyseal grows in length
What do ligament do? - ANSWERSAttach bone to bone
What do tendons do? - ANSWERSAttach bone to muscle
What is bone formation called? - ANSWERSOsteogenesis
What happens when growing stops? - ANSWERSEpiphyseal plate ossifies
What is ossification? - ANSWERSHardening
The metatarsophalangeal joint is associated with what small bone? -
ANSWERSSesamoid bone (ex Patella)
What part of bone do tendons & ligaments attach to? - ANSWERSPeriosteum
What vessels can be found in Haversian & Volkmann's canals? - ANSWERSArtery,
Vein, & Lymph
What does the matrix of spongy bone look like? - ANSWERSOpen network of
trabeculae
, What is 1/3 of Osseous tissue composed of? - ANSWERSCA ions
What type of bone cell resides in endosteum? - ANSWERSOsteoclasts
What are osteocytes? - ANSWERSMost common cell in bone
Where are osteocytes held? - ANSWERSIn the Lacunae
What is the process when mesenchyme cells differentiate? -
ANSWERSIntramembranous ossification
How does the osteoid matrix differ from bone? - ANSWERSIt doesn't have CA ions yet
Where is the primary center of ossification located? - ANSWERSDiaphysis during
development
What is not a function of skeletal muscles? - ANSWERSStore lipids (Adipose cells do
this)
Muscle cells are packed with which protein filaments? - ANSWERSMyofibrils
Cytoplasm in animal cells is ____________ in a muscle cell. - ANSWERSSarcoplasm
Sarcomeres are found in all except? - ANSWERSSmooth muscle (It is not striated like
other muscles)
What elastic structure pulls myosin back to "normal"? - ANSWERSTitin filaments
What fibrous joints are on the ends of the tibia & fibula? - ANSWERSSyndesmoses
What type of joint sutures are mostly immovable? - ANSWERSFibrous
What is true about synovial joints? - ANSWERSSeparated by fluid-containing joint
cavity
What is not true about synovial fluid? - ANSWERSReduces friction & contains
phagocytic cells
What is not a type of synovial joint? - ANSWERSSealed joint
What type of joint is in costal cartilage of 1st rib & manubrium of sternum? -
ANSWERSSynchondroses
What structure of a synovial joint is a band-like ligament? - ANSWERSReinforcing
ligament
(ex Knee joint)
Answers 100% Correct!
What are the 5 layers of the skin?
(From deep to superficial) - ANSWERSStratum basale
Stratum spinosum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum lucidum (only in palms and soles of feet)
Stratum Corneum
What causes osteoporosis? - ANSWERSDeficiency of calcium
What hormone is released when CA levels are too high? - ANSWERSCalcitonin (*Think
"can tone it down")
What hormone(s) is released when CA levels are too low? - ANSWERSParathyroid &
Calcitriol
Whats the difference between Appositional growth & Epiphyseal growth? -
ANSWERSAppositional grows in width
Epiphyseal grows in length
What do ligament do? - ANSWERSAttach bone to bone
What do tendons do? - ANSWERSAttach bone to muscle
What is bone formation called? - ANSWERSOsteogenesis
What happens when growing stops? - ANSWERSEpiphyseal plate ossifies
What is ossification? - ANSWERSHardening
The metatarsophalangeal joint is associated with what small bone? -
ANSWERSSesamoid bone (ex Patella)
What part of bone do tendons & ligaments attach to? - ANSWERSPeriosteum
What vessels can be found in Haversian & Volkmann's canals? - ANSWERSArtery,
Vein, & Lymph
What does the matrix of spongy bone look like? - ANSWERSOpen network of
trabeculae
, What is 1/3 of Osseous tissue composed of? - ANSWERSCA ions
What type of bone cell resides in endosteum? - ANSWERSOsteoclasts
What are osteocytes? - ANSWERSMost common cell in bone
Where are osteocytes held? - ANSWERSIn the Lacunae
What is the process when mesenchyme cells differentiate? -
ANSWERSIntramembranous ossification
How does the osteoid matrix differ from bone? - ANSWERSIt doesn't have CA ions yet
Where is the primary center of ossification located? - ANSWERSDiaphysis during
development
What is not a function of skeletal muscles? - ANSWERSStore lipids (Adipose cells do
this)
Muscle cells are packed with which protein filaments? - ANSWERSMyofibrils
Cytoplasm in animal cells is ____________ in a muscle cell. - ANSWERSSarcoplasm
Sarcomeres are found in all except? - ANSWERSSmooth muscle (It is not striated like
other muscles)
What elastic structure pulls myosin back to "normal"? - ANSWERSTitin filaments
What fibrous joints are on the ends of the tibia & fibula? - ANSWERSSyndesmoses
What type of joint sutures are mostly immovable? - ANSWERSFibrous
What is true about synovial joints? - ANSWERSSeparated by fluid-containing joint
cavity
What is not true about synovial fluid? - ANSWERSReduces friction & contains
phagocytic cells
What is not a type of synovial joint? - ANSWERSSealed joint
What type of joint is in costal cartilage of 1st rib & manubrium of sternum? -
ANSWERSSynchondroses
What structure of a synovial joint is a band-like ligament? - ANSWERSReinforcing
ligament
(ex Knee joint)
